BL4 SpanishPower
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39
Paso Uno Pronunciation
Please play your audio marked Lesson Four - Pronunciation. Follow the instructions that are given to you on the audio by Ricardo. AUDIO
¡Como siempre (as always), open your mouth, speak loudly, and speak with passion!
¿Cuánto?/ ¿Cuánta
la cocina
tomar
¿Cuántos?/ ¿Cuántas?
había
aceptar
la emergencia
la culpa
disfrutar
el policía
el nombre
llorar
el problema
el negocio
recibir
el desayuno
la cartera
ayudar
la cuenta
el parque
enseñar
la cena
el autobús
decidir
el almuerzo
el carro
porque
el menú
todo
desde
el empleado
el taxi
por
el mesero/ la mesera
esperar
para
cortar
I finished pronouncing the words and am really excited about “el futuro!”
Sí, maestro. (Yes, teacher.)
©2001-2016 Bilingual America • BilingualAmerica.com All Rights Reserved • Derechos Reservados
40
Paso Dos
Vocabulary Building Please take your Retention Cards for “Lección Cuatro” and go through the words 10 times. CARDS
Please check each time that you do a repetition.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Did you go through the words for this lesson ten times with your Retention Cards? Sí, I did that and am really beginning to learn a lot of words!
Paso Tres Sentence Structure
Please play your audio marked Lesson Four - Pronunciation. Follow the instructions that are given to you on the audio by Ricardo. AUDIO
Expressing things that “were happening” This first pattern is one we use when we want to describe something that we were doing at some point in the past. Here are a few examples of how this pattern works in English...
POR EJEMPLO
I was walking to the store with Cecilia. Pablo and María were finishing the job. Gabriel and Andrea were singing to Ricardo.
©2001-2016 Bilingual America • BilingualAmerica.com All Rights Reserved • Derechos Reservados
41
With this pattern we’ll use a form of “estar” to form the first part of the pattern and add “ando” or “iendo” to the root of the action word. This is very similar to what you did in the last lesson. Here’s how to do this with the “ar” verbs. yo estaba ____________________ando tú estabas ___________________ando usted, él, ella estaba ___________ando nosotros estábamos ___________ando ustedes, ellos, ellas estaban _____ando
Now, here’s how to do this with the “er” and “ir” verbs. yo estaba _____________________ iendo tú estabas ____________________ iendo usted, él, ella estaba ___________ iendo nosotros estábamos ____________ iendo ustedes, ellos, ellas estaban _____ iendo.
Let’s take a closer look at the endings that go on “estar” for this pattern... yo aba tú abas usted, él, ella aba nosotros ábamos ustedes, ellos, ellas aban
TIP
As for forming the second part of the pattern; put the root of the verb before “ando” or “iendo” depending on whether you’re working with an “ar,” “er” or “ir” verb. Let’s practice by working through the following sentences... The mother was making money in the restaurant. _______________________________________
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42
God was calling Gabriel and Andrea. _______________________________________ The husband was learning to cook. _______________________________________
Expressing things that “were going to happen” Pablo was going to stop the car. POR EJEMPLO
We were going to buy a new house. This is the pattern for “I was going to..., you were going to..., etc.” The following pattern works for “ar,” “er” and “ir” verbs! Use the full verb in the blank. yo iba a _______________________ tú ibas a _______________________ usted, él, ella iba a _______________ nosotros íbamos a _______________ ustedes, ellos, ellas iban a __________
Now, let’s do a few exercises together to make sure this makes sense to you. The boy was going to drink the milk. POR EJEMPLO
_______________________________________ We were going to call the company. _______________________________________ I was going to prepare the chicken. _______________________________________
©2001-2016 Bilingual America • BilingualAmerica.com All Rights Reserved • Derechos Reservados
43
Take your “Verb Retention Cards” for the two patterns in this lesson and put them in with the vocabulary for this lesson. CARDS
“ B y,” “ b e c a u s e o f ” o r “ f o r ” Some people struggle with choosing between the two different Spanish words “por” and “para.” This is easy if you make sure that you equate what you would say in English with what you should say in Spanish. “Por” means “by,” “by means of” or “because of” “Para” means “for,” “for the purpose of” or “in order to” I was going to buy the house for Cecilia.
POR EJEMPLO
Question: What is the word before “Cecilia?” Answer: “for” Question: Should you use “por” or “para”? Answer: In that “para” means “for,” you would use “para.” Yo iba a comprar la casa para Cecilia. A few more “ejemplos”... This lesson is for you. Esta lección es para usted. I am buying the book because of him. Yo estoy comprando el libro por él. I am finishing the job for him. Yo estoy terminando el trabajo para él. I am working to (in order to) make money. Yo estoy trabajando para ganar dinero.
©2001-2016 Bilingual America • BilingualAmerica.com All Rights Reserved • Derechos Reservados
44
TIP
Now, are there times when it’s more difficult to decide which one to use? Of course, but you don’t need to worry about the 10% of the time that maybe you’re using the wrong one because of a particular nuance or something. If you get it right 90% of the time, you will be doing great! One of the things that confuses people in choosing between “por” and “para” is the use of “for” in English with elements of time.
“For” is “por” when talking about elements of time.
We were going to talk for three hours. Nosotros íbamos a hablar por tres horas. POR EJEMPLO
They were going to live there for five years. Ellos iban a vivir ahí por cinco años. You also use “por” in the following cases...
TIP
•“teléfono” to say “por teléfono” (by telephone) • “radio” to say “por radio” (by radio) • “televisión” to say “por televisión.” The reason for these uses is because you talk “by means of” the telephone, not “on” the telephone. The same goes for the television and radio. In English we also say that we buy and sell things “for” a certain price. Many people say “por” but actually it is better to use “en” in this case. I am buying rice for five dollars. Yo estoy comprando arroz en cinco dólares.
POR EJEMPLO
We are selling the meat for ten dollars. Nosotros estamos vendiendo la carne en diez dólares. You can read about other uses of “por” and “para” in Appendix B if you would like. Be careful, however, about getting too involved in a lot of detailed stuff, it can be a little confusing. If you feel really good about everything to this point then go ahead and look at the Appendix, if not, concentrate on your lesson plans for now.
©2001-2016 Bilingual America • BilingualAmerica.com All Rights Reserved • Derechos Reservados
45
Now, before going to Paso Cuatro, take a few moments to re-read the “información” in Paso Tres three times to make sure that you’re comfortable with everything before you start your writing exercises.
Sí señor, I read the material for this “Paso” three times.
Paso Cuatro Writing and Revision
WRITING
Please do the writing and revision exercises below. Remember to speak aloud at the same rate of speed that you write so that you can harmonize your senses. This produces a high retention rate and is very important to do. Make sure to do five exercises at a time and then revise those five with your revision sheet for this lesson. 1. You (tú) were working at the airport programming the computer. _______________________________________________________________ 2. She was asking about some pants, a shirt and some shoes at the pretty store. _______________________________________________________________ 3. He was talking with the parents about God. _______________________________________________________________ 4. You (ustedes) were walking without the parents. _______________________________________________________________ 5. I was going to prepare the clothes before Friday. _______________________________________________________________ 6. The girl was going to call the boss. _______________________________________________________________ 7. The employees were going to prepare the food in the office. _______________________________________________________________ 8. They were going to sing without the wives at the church. _______________________________________________________________ 9. The parents were going to drive the car to the new store. _______________________________________________________________
©2001-2016 Bilingual America • BilingualAmerica.com All Rights Reserved • Derechos Reservados
46
10. We were selling telephones in the park. _______________________________________________________________ 11. Where was the family cooking when I was watching television? _______________________________________________________________ 12. Where was María eating the chicken on Monday? _______________________________________________________________ 13. Was Ricardo working at the company from Monday to Friday? _______________________________________________________________ 14. Were they finishing the coffee? _______________________________________________________________ 15. Where was she going to buy the water for the food? _______________________________________________________________ 16. Were they going to buy the clothes that Julio was needing? _______________________________________________________________ 17. Was Rosa going to prepare the meat for the family on Tuesday? _______________________________________________________________ 18. What was he going to fix at the airport? _______________________________________________________________ 19. Why wasn’t she working on the computer on Thursday? _______________________________________________________________ 20. What was the employee going to wash? _______________________________________________________________ 21. ¿Estaban mirando las hijas la televisión? Sí,... _______________________________________________________________ 22. ¿Estaba bailando el hijo sin la camisa? No,... _______________________________________________________________ 23. ¿Estaban programando ellos la computadora? Sí,... _______________________________________________________________
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47
24. ¿Había libros en la cartera vieja? Sí,... _______________________________________________________________ 25. ¿Iban a organizar ustedes la casa? No,... _______________________________________________________________ 26. ¿Iba a ganar Ramón dinero el domingo? No,... _______________________________________________________________ 27. ¿Iban a tomar ellos café en el avión? Sí,... _______________________________________________________________ 28. ¿Iba a cocinar usted el pollo? No,... _______________________________________________________________ 29. ¿Estaban necesitando ellas un favor? Sí,... _______________________________________________________________ 30. ¿Iban a manejar ustedes al aeropuerto el miércoles? No,... _______________________________________________________________
Yes, I finished all the writing and revision exercises
Paso Cinco
Vocabulary Reinforcement Por favor (please)...
CARDS
TIP
• Go through your Retention Cards for Lección • Go through your Retention Cards for Lección • Go through your Retention Cards for Lección • Go through your Retention Cards for Lección
Cuatro five times. Tres four times. Dos three times. Uno two times.
Are you acting out the words as you go through them? Are you putting emotional imagery into your vocabulary learning? This will help you learn the words more quickly because you will always remember what you do with emotion and passion.
©2001-2016 Bilingual America • BilingualAmerica.com All Rights Reserved • Derechos Reservados
48
Please check off each repetition that you do...  Lección Cuatro: ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ Lección Tres: ____ ____ ____ ____ Lección Dos: ____ ____ ____ Lección Uno:____ ____ Sí, I went through the words as instructed. I also put emotional imagery into my learning process. I think I’ll sign up for the local Spanish speaking theatre group after I finish learning Spanish!
Paso Seis Paced Reading
Please play your audio marked Lesson Four - Paced Reading. Follow the instructions on the audio. AUDIO
Remember... • follow behind your instructor one to two syllables, and • speak with life and passion!
Sí, I finished doing the Paced Reading.
©2001-2016 Bilingual America • BilingualAmerica.com All Rights Reserved • Derechos Reservados
©2001-2016 Bilingual America • BilingualAmerica.com All Rights Reserved • Derechos Reservados
39
Paso Uno Pronunciation
Please play your audio marked Lesson Four - Pronunciation. Follow the instructions that are given to you on the audio by Ricardo. AUDIO
¡Como siempre (as always), open your mouth, speak loudly, and speak with passion!
¿Cuánto?/ ¿Cuánta
la cocina
tomar
¿Cuántos?/ ¿Cuántas?
había
aceptar
la emergencia
la culpa
disfrutar
el policía
el nombre
llorar
el problema
el negocio
recibir
el desayuno
la cartera
ayudar
la cuenta
el parque
enseñar
la cena
el autobús
decidir
el almuerzo
el carro
porque
el menú
todo
desde
el empleado
el taxi
por
el mesero/ la mesera
esperar
para
cortar
I finished pronouncing the words and am really excited about “el futuro!”
Sí, maestro. (Yes, teacher.)
©2001-2016 Bilingual America • BilingualAmerica.com All Rights Reserved • Derechos Reservados
40
Paso Dos
Vocabulary Building Please take your Retention Cards for “Lección Cuatro” and go through the words 10 times. CARDS
Please check each time that you do a repetition.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Did you go through the words for this lesson ten times with your Retention Cards? Sí, I did that and am really beginning to learn a lot of words!
Paso Tres Sentence Structure
Please play your audio marked Lesson Four - Pronunciation. Follow the instructions that are given to you on the audio by Ricardo. AUDIO
Expressing things that “were happening” This first pattern is one we use when we want to describe something that we were doing at some point in the past. Here are a few examples of how this pattern works in English...
POR EJEMPLO
I was walking to the store with Cecilia. Pablo and María were finishing the job. Gabriel and Andrea were singing to Ricardo.
©2001-2016 Bilingual America • BilingualAmerica.com All Rights Reserved • Derechos Reservados
41
With this pattern we’ll use a form of “estar” to form the first part of the pattern and add “ando” or “iendo” to the root of the action word. This is very similar to what you did in the last lesson. Here’s how to do this with the “ar” verbs. yo estaba ____________________ando tú estabas ___________________ando usted, él, ella estaba ___________ando nosotros estábamos ___________ando ustedes, ellos, ellas estaban _____ando
Now, here’s how to do this with the “er” and “ir” verbs. yo estaba _____________________ iendo tú estabas ____________________ iendo usted, él, ella estaba ___________ iendo nosotros estábamos ____________ iendo ustedes, ellos, ellas estaban _____ iendo.
Let’s take a closer look at the endings that go on “estar” for this pattern... yo aba tú abas usted, él, ella aba nosotros ábamos ustedes, ellos, ellas aban
TIP
As for forming the second part of the pattern; put the root of the verb before “ando” or “iendo” depending on whether you’re working with an “ar,” “er” or “ir” verb. Let’s practice by working through the following sentences... The mother was making money in the restaurant. _______________________________________
©2001-2016 Bilingual America • BilingualAmerica.com All Rights Reserved • Derechos Reservados
42
God was calling Gabriel and Andrea. _______________________________________ The husband was learning to cook. _______________________________________
Expressing things that “were going to happen” Pablo was going to stop the car. POR EJEMPLO
We were going to buy a new house. This is the pattern for “I was going to..., you were going to..., etc.” The following pattern works for “ar,” “er” and “ir” verbs! Use the full verb in the blank. yo iba a _______________________ tú ibas a _______________________ usted, él, ella iba a _______________ nosotros íbamos a _______________ ustedes, ellos, ellas iban a __________
Now, let’s do a few exercises together to make sure this makes sense to you. The boy was going to drink the milk. POR EJEMPLO
_______________________________________ We were going to call the company. _______________________________________ I was going to prepare the chicken. _______________________________________
©2001-2016 Bilingual America • BilingualAmerica.com All Rights Reserved • Derechos Reservados
43
Take your “Verb Retention Cards” for the two patterns in this lesson and put them in with the vocabulary for this lesson. CARDS
“ B y,” “ b e c a u s e o f ” o r “ f o r ” Some people struggle with choosing between the two different Spanish words “por” and “para.” This is easy if you make sure that you equate what you would say in English with what you should say in Spanish. “Por” means “by,” “by means of” or “because of” “Para” means “for,” “for the purpose of” or “in order to” I was going to buy the house for Cecilia.
POR EJEMPLO
Question: What is the word before “Cecilia?” Answer: “for” Question: Should you use “por” or “para”? Answer: In that “para” means “for,” you would use “para.” Yo iba a comprar la casa para Cecilia. A few more “ejemplos”... This lesson is for you. Esta lección es para usted. I am buying the book because of him. Yo estoy comprando el libro por él. I am finishing the job for him. Yo estoy terminando el trabajo para él. I am working to (in order to) make money. Yo estoy trabajando para ganar dinero.
©2001-2016 Bilingual America • BilingualAmerica.com All Rights Reserved • Derechos Reservados
44
TIP
Now, are there times when it’s more difficult to decide which one to use? Of course, but you don’t need to worry about the 10% of the time that maybe you’re using the wrong one because of a particular nuance or something. If you get it right 90% of the time, you will be doing great! One of the things that confuses people in choosing between “por” and “para” is the use of “for” in English with elements of time.
“For” is “por” when talking about elements of time.
We were going to talk for three hours. Nosotros íbamos a hablar por tres horas. POR EJEMPLO
They were going to live there for five years. Ellos iban a vivir ahí por cinco años. You also use “por” in the following cases...
TIP
•“teléfono” to say “por teléfono” (by telephone) • “radio” to say “por radio” (by radio) • “televisión” to say “por televisión.” The reason for these uses is because you talk “by means of” the telephone, not “on” the telephone. The same goes for the television and radio. In English we also say that we buy and sell things “for” a certain price. Many people say “por” but actually it is better to use “en” in this case. I am buying rice for five dollars. Yo estoy comprando arroz en cinco dólares.
POR EJEMPLO
We are selling the meat for ten dollars. Nosotros estamos vendiendo la carne en diez dólares. You can read about other uses of “por” and “para” in Appendix B if you would like. Be careful, however, about getting too involved in a lot of detailed stuff, it can be a little confusing. If you feel really good about everything to this point then go ahead and look at the Appendix, if not, concentrate on your lesson plans for now.
©2001-2016 Bilingual America • BilingualAmerica.com All Rights Reserved • Derechos Reservados
45
Now, before going to Paso Cuatro, take a few moments to re-read the “información” in Paso Tres three times to make sure that you’re comfortable with everything before you start your writing exercises.
Sí señor, I read the material for this “Paso” three times.
Paso Cuatro Writing and Revision
WRITING
Please do the writing and revision exercises below. Remember to speak aloud at the same rate of speed that you write so that you can harmonize your senses. This produces a high retention rate and is very important to do. Make sure to do five exercises at a time and then revise those five with your revision sheet for this lesson. 1. You (tú) were working at the airport programming the computer. _______________________________________________________________ 2. She was asking about some pants, a shirt and some shoes at the pretty store. _______________________________________________________________ 3. He was talking with the parents about God. _______________________________________________________________ 4. You (ustedes) were walking without the parents. _______________________________________________________________ 5. I was going to prepare the clothes before Friday. _______________________________________________________________ 6. The girl was going to call the boss. _______________________________________________________________ 7. The employees were going to prepare the food in the office. _______________________________________________________________ 8. They were going to sing without the wives at the church. _______________________________________________________________ 9. The parents were going to drive the car to the new store. _______________________________________________________________
©2001-2016 Bilingual America • BilingualAmerica.com All Rights Reserved • Derechos Reservados
46
10. We were selling telephones in the park. _______________________________________________________________ 11. Where was the family cooking when I was watching television? _______________________________________________________________ 12. Where was María eating the chicken on Monday? _______________________________________________________________ 13. Was Ricardo working at the company from Monday to Friday? _______________________________________________________________ 14. Were they finishing the coffee? _______________________________________________________________ 15. Where was she going to buy the water for the food? _______________________________________________________________ 16. Were they going to buy the clothes that Julio was needing? _______________________________________________________________ 17. Was Rosa going to prepare the meat for the family on Tuesday? _______________________________________________________________ 18. What was he going to fix at the airport? _______________________________________________________________ 19. Why wasn’t she working on the computer on Thursday? _______________________________________________________________ 20. What was the employee going to wash? _______________________________________________________________ 21. ¿Estaban mirando las hijas la televisión? Sí,... _______________________________________________________________ 22. ¿Estaba bailando el hijo sin la camisa? No,... _______________________________________________________________ 23. ¿Estaban programando ellos la computadora? Sí,... _______________________________________________________________
©2001-2016 Bilingual America • BilingualAmerica.com All Rights Reserved • Derechos Reservados
47
24. ¿Había libros en la cartera vieja? Sí,... _______________________________________________________________ 25. ¿Iban a organizar ustedes la casa? No,... _______________________________________________________________ 26. ¿Iba a ganar Ramón dinero el domingo? No,... _______________________________________________________________ 27. ¿Iban a tomar ellos café en el avión? Sí,... _______________________________________________________________ 28. ¿Iba a cocinar usted el pollo? No,... _______________________________________________________________ 29. ¿Estaban necesitando ellas un favor? Sí,... _______________________________________________________________ 30. ¿Iban a manejar ustedes al aeropuerto el miércoles? No,... _______________________________________________________________
Yes, I finished all the writing and revision exercises
Paso Cinco
Vocabulary Reinforcement Por favor (please)...
CARDS
TIP
• Go through your Retention Cards for Lección • Go through your Retention Cards for Lección • Go through your Retention Cards for Lección • Go through your Retention Cards for Lección
Cuatro five times. Tres four times. Dos three times. Uno two times.
Are you acting out the words as you go through them? Are you putting emotional imagery into your vocabulary learning? This will help you learn the words more quickly because you will always remember what you do with emotion and passion.
©2001-2016 Bilingual America • BilingualAmerica.com All Rights Reserved • Derechos Reservados
48
Please check off each repetition that you do...  Lección Cuatro: ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ Lección Tres: ____ ____ ____ ____ Lección Dos: ____ ____ ____ Lección Uno:____ ____ Sí, I went through the words as instructed. I also put emotional imagery into my learning process. I think I’ll sign up for the local Spanish speaking theatre group after I finish learning Spanish!
Paso Seis Paced Reading
Please play your audio marked Lesson Four - Paced Reading. Follow the instructions on the audio. AUDIO
Remember... • follow behind your instructor one to two syllables, and • speak with life and passion!
Sí, I finished doing the Paced Reading.
©2001-2016 Bilingual America • BilingualAmerica.com All Rights Reserved • Derechos Reservados
