Chapter 12 Pre-Test
WHAP
Chapter 12 Pre-Test Directions: Each of the questions or incomplete statements is followed by five suggested answers or completions. Select the one that best answers the question or completes the statement. 1. Cultural differences among American peoples are: a. due to racial differences and backgrounds b. due to religious differences c. due to environmental and climatic variations d. relatively arbitrary and unexplainable 2. Classic period civilizations in Mesoamerica were built on the political foundation of? a. Olmec b. Moche c. Inca d. Anasazi e. Aztec 3. Mesoamerican classic-period political and cultural innovations were based on: a. new technology b. new crops c. the ability of elites to control laborers and soldiers d. the domestication of new draft animals e. the use of slave labor 4. The largest city in the Americas in 450-600 was: a. Cuzco b. Teotihuacan c. Tula d. Chan Chan e. Machu Pichu 5. Quetzalcoatl was: a. the rain god b. the feathered serpent god c. a Teotihuacan king d. a Teotihuacan war chief e. the war god 6. Chinampas were floating gardens: a. that allowed domesticated animals to eat grain crops
b. that allowed year-round farming and population growth c. that supplied flowers for the botanical gardens d. that provided the landscaping of apartment buildings e. only for the enjoyment of the royal family 7. The housing of common people in cities can be described as: a. mounds b. pueblos c. yurts d. apartment-like stone buildings e. none of the above 8. Teotihuacan was a commercial and religious center that: a. provided a basis for elite wealth and status b. attracted pilgrims c. provided approval for elite status d. All of the above 9. Teotihuacan was ruled by: a. an alliance of elite families b. an elected “overseer” c. an absolute monarchy d. a civil bureaucracy e. the common people 10. The Maya were organized in: a. rival kingdoms or city-states b. separate cultural entities c. a unified political system d. a single ruler state e. farm collectives 11. Maya monumental architecture took advantage of: a. wheel barrows b. metal tools c. pulleys d. none of the above e. all of the above 12. In the classic era, Maya military forces primarily fought to secure: a. captives b. territory c. wealth d. water e. slaves
13. How did the Maya meet the challenges of the environment? a. They invented astroturf b. they secured foreign lands for rice cultivation c. they drained swamps and built elevated fields d. they invented a process for purifying salt water e. they became nomads. 14. What was the role of Maya women? a. They were the preferred sacrificial victims b. they were ruled by a matrilineal hierarchy of queens c. they played important political and religious roles in public ceremonies d. they were responsible for choosing all the seeds e. they held important political positions in their communities 15. Maya contributions include: a. clock b. calendar c. crossbow d. water wheel e. plow 16. Maya contributions to mathematics include: a. pi b. fractal geometry c. iterated algorithm d. the zero and place value e. All of the above 17. The accomplishments of the Toltecs were primarily: a. religious and cultural b. political and military c. agricultural and technological d. artistic and literary e. religious and military 18. The Toltecs’ capital city was: a. Tula b. Texcoco c. Azcaotzalco d. Mexica e. Chiapas 19. Aztec society can be described as: a. ayllus b. clan based c. matriarchal
d. theocracy e. democracy 20. The Aztecs met the challenges of feeding a growing population by: a. building a land reclamation project featuring a dike and chinampas b. limiting the number of children in each family c. encouraging infanticide d. developing drought resistant rice, or champa rice e. All of the above 21. Aztec gods: a. were mostly male b. were male and female c. were mostly female d. had no gender 22. One of the Aztec gods was the cult of the hummingbird, called: a. Quetzalcoatl b. Nahuatl c. Huitzilopochtli d. acllas e. ayllus 23. The twin temples of Tenochtitlan symbolize the two bases of Aztec economy: a. education and technology b. pride and poise c. peace and prosperity d. war and agriculture e. none of the above 24. As sacrificial victims, the Aztecs preferred: a. war captives b. virgins c. the elderly d. slaves e. only a and d 25. The Anasazi emerged in what region? a. California, Oregon, and Washington b. Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado, and Utah c. Texas, Oklahoma, and Nebraska d. all of the above e. none of the above
26. The Anasazi economy was based on: a. hunting and gathering b. swidden agriculture c. rice, millet, and hops d. maize, beans, and squash e. all of the above 27. The large mounds of the Ohio Valley served as: a. elite burial sites b. indoor ritual ball courts c. shelter from harsh winter weather d. protection from military attack e. sacrificial chambers 28. How did Andean people overcome their environmental challenges? a. The development of new agricultural techniques b. the effective organization of human labor c. the introduction of soy beans d. the use of swidden agriculture 29. Ayllu means: a. clan group b. age group c. gender group d. warrior group 30. What is the mit’a? a. obligatory military service b. rotational labor organization c. the priestly class d. the artistic elite e. the slave class 31. Moche art reveals that Moche society was: a. theocratic b. matrilineal c. textile based d. a democracy e. militarily based 32. Moche artisans produced high-quality: a. jewelry b. ceramics c. textiles d. all of the above
33. Inca prosperity and military strength depended on: a. mandatory military service for all men until age thirty b. a regional arms race that increased weapons production c. herds of llamas and alpacas d. constant development of new technologies e. large numbers of slaves 34. How did the Inca ensure the loyalty of defeated regions? a. The heirs of vanquished rulers must live in the royal court b. the use of fear and terror tactics c. the extension of full citizenship to all conquered areas d. all of the above e. none of the above 35. Cuzco was not as large as Tenochtitlan, but: a. it was designed in concentric circles b. it was laid out in the shape of a puma c. all buildings faced east d. it was the center of human sacrifice e. all leaders resided there. 36. One of the Inca accomplishments was the construction of: a. an enormous fortification wall b. enormous cathedrals c. a vast system of mineral mines d a vast network of roads e. regal palaces 37. Who or what were the acllas? a. a llama saddle b. the fertile top layer of soil c. the Inca writing system d. virgins chosen to serve the cult of the sun
Chapter 12 Pre-Test Directions: Each of the questions or incomplete statements is followed by five suggested answers or completions. Select the one that best answers the question or completes the statement. 1. Cultural differences among American peoples are: a. due to racial differences and backgrounds b. due to religious differences c. due to environmental and climatic variations d. relatively arbitrary and unexplainable 2. Classic period civilizations in Mesoamerica were built on the political foundation of? a. Olmec b. Moche c. Inca d. Anasazi e. Aztec 3. Mesoamerican classic-period political and cultural innovations were based on: a. new technology b. new crops c. the ability of elites to control laborers and soldiers d. the domestication of new draft animals e. the use of slave labor 4. The largest city in the Americas in 450-600 was: a. Cuzco b. Teotihuacan c. Tula d. Chan Chan e. Machu Pichu 5. Quetzalcoatl was: a. the rain god b. the feathered serpent god c. a Teotihuacan king d. a Teotihuacan war chief e. the war god 6. Chinampas were floating gardens: a. that allowed domesticated animals to eat grain crops
b. that allowed year-round farming and population growth c. that supplied flowers for the botanical gardens d. that provided the landscaping of apartment buildings e. only for the enjoyment of the royal family 7. The housing of common people in cities can be described as: a. mounds b. pueblos c. yurts d. apartment-like stone buildings e. none of the above 8. Teotihuacan was a commercial and religious center that: a. provided a basis for elite wealth and status b. attracted pilgrims c. provided approval for elite status d. All of the above 9. Teotihuacan was ruled by: a. an alliance of elite families b. an elected “overseer” c. an absolute monarchy d. a civil bureaucracy e. the common people 10. The Maya were organized in: a. rival kingdoms or city-states b. separate cultural entities c. a unified political system d. a single ruler state e. farm collectives 11. Maya monumental architecture took advantage of: a. wheel barrows b. metal tools c. pulleys d. none of the above e. all of the above 12. In the classic era, Maya military forces primarily fought to secure: a. captives b. territory c. wealth d. water e. slaves
13. How did the Maya meet the challenges of the environment? a. They invented astroturf b. they secured foreign lands for rice cultivation c. they drained swamps and built elevated fields d. they invented a process for purifying salt water e. they became nomads. 14. What was the role of Maya women? a. They were the preferred sacrificial victims b. they were ruled by a matrilineal hierarchy of queens c. they played important political and religious roles in public ceremonies d. they were responsible for choosing all the seeds e. they held important political positions in their communities 15. Maya contributions include: a. clock b. calendar c. crossbow d. water wheel e. plow 16. Maya contributions to mathematics include: a. pi b. fractal geometry c. iterated algorithm d. the zero and place value e. All of the above 17. The accomplishments of the Toltecs were primarily: a. religious and cultural b. political and military c. agricultural and technological d. artistic and literary e. religious and military 18. The Toltecs’ capital city was: a. Tula b. Texcoco c. Azcaotzalco d. Mexica e. Chiapas 19. Aztec society can be described as: a. ayllus b. clan based c. matriarchal
d. theocracy e. democracy 20. The Aztecs met the challenges of feeding a growing population by: a. building a land reclamation project featuring a dike and chinampas b. limiting the number of children in each family c. encouraging infanticide d. developing drought resistant rice, or champa rice e. All of the above 21. Aztec gods: a. were mostly male b. were male and female c. were mostly female d. had no gender 22. One of the Aztec gods was the cult of the hummingbird, called: a. Quetzalcoatl b. Nahuatl c. Huitzilopochtli d. acllas e. ayllus 23. The twin temples of Tenochtitlan symbolize the two bases of Aztec economy: a. education and technology b. pride and poise c. peace and prosperity d. war and agriculture e. none of the above 24. As sacrificial victims, the Aztecs preferred: a. war captives b. virgins c. the elderly d. slaves e. only a and d 25. The Anasazi emerged in what region? a. California, Oregon, and Washington b. Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado, and Utah c. Texas, Oklahoma, and Nebraska d. all of the above e. none of the above
26. The Anasazi economy was based on: a. hunting and gathering b. swidden agriculture c. rice, millet, and hops d. maize, beans, and squash e. all of the above 27. The large mounds of the Ohio Valley served as: a. elite burial sites b. indoor ritual ball courts c. shelter from harsh winter weather d. protection from military attack e. sacrificial chambers 28. How did Andean people overcome their environmental challenges? a. The development of new agricultural techniques b. the effective organization of human labor c. the introduction of soy beans d. the use of swidden agriculture 29. Ayllu means: a. clan group b. age group c. gender group d. warrior group 30. What is the mit’a? a. obligatory military service b. rotational labor organization c. the priestly class d. the artistic elite e. the slave class 31. Moche art reveals that Moche society was: a. theocratic b. matrilineal c. textile based d. a democracy e. militarily based 32. Moche artisans produced high-quality: a. jewelry b. ceramics c. textiles d. all of the above
33. Inca prosperity and military strength depended on: a. mandatory military service for all men until age thirty b. a regional arms race that increased weapons production c. herds of llamas and alpacas d. constant development of new technologies e. large numbers of slaves 34. How did the Inca ensure the loyalty of defeated regions? a. The heirs of vanquished rulers must live in the royal court b. the use of fear and terror tactics c. the extension of full citizenship to all conquered areas d. all of the above e. none of the above 35. Cuzco was not as large as Tenochtitlan, but: a. it was designed in concentric circles b. it was laid out in the shape of a puma c. all buildings faced east d. it was the center of human sacrifice e. all leaders resided there. 36. One of the Inca accomplishments was the construction of: a. an enormous fortification wall b. enormous cathedrals c. a vast system of mineral mines d a vast network of roads e. regal palaces 37. Who or what were the acllas? a. a llama saddle b. the fertile top layer of soil c. the Inca writing system d. virgins chosen to serve the cult of the sun
