JATROPHA DIGEST PREVIEW
BioZio is the premier global support resource for the bio-world, being an important catalyst in facilitating the shift to bio-based products. By providing authoritative information, insights and intelligence on the bio-revolution, and by providing a platform for the participants of this bio-movement to get together, share their ideas and initiate action, BioZio is a vital contributor to this important field.
Contact C3B, Anugraha Apartments, 41 Nungambakkam High Road Chennai – 600034, Tamil nadu, India Phone: +91-44-32561191 Mobile: +91-98413-48117 Email:
[email protected] Jatropha
D I GE ST PRE VI E W
An Invaluable Guide to the Jatropha Industry Jatropha is a second generation biodiesel feedstock. Jatropha as a biodiesel feedstock overcomes challenges that the first generation biodiesel feedstocks faced – in terms of scalability, food vs fuel dilemma and ability to grow in marginal lands. Jatropha, by virtue of its ability to grow in marginal lands and its relatively low requirements of water, fertilizers and maintenance is touted to the biodiesel feedstock of the future. Experts feel that Jatropha has the potential to be the single largest contributor to the world’s biodiesel production by 2015. While the potential for the crop is high, there are challenges along the way as well. Such challenges are present in terms of varying yields across regions, inadequate understanding to grow the crop on a large-scale, and gaps in expertise and experience for the plant cultivation and maintenance. Most of the gaps in understanding can be filled with a resource that provides inputs, data and balanced opinion on the industry based on the efforts of the various commercial and research efforts worldwide. The Jatropha Digest has been developed precisely to fill this need. The Jatropha Digest provides insights and details on the following critical aspects of the Jatropha industry: Cultivation Yields Fuel and Non-fuel End Products from Jatropha and the Process Routes for Each of these Products Real World Status of Jatropha Products Costs of Production for the Various Energy Products from Jatropha Top Companies in the Jatropha Industry Business Strategies for Success Each section provides in-depth information, details and updates on the most critical aspects relevant to it. The objective of the Jatropha Digest is to facilitate tangible steps for a Jatropha biofuel venture. The emphasis hence is on providing practical data, updates and insights. In addition, the report has made special efforts in identifying the core challenges faced in each aspect of the Jatropha industry value chain. It also provides inputs on the current efforts and possible solutions to overcome these challenges.
www.biozio.com – Welcome to the Bio World!
Jatropha
D I GE ST PRE VI E W
The report has been developed with over twenty months of in-depth research, and has been developed with inputs from biofuel industry experts, biotechnology researchers, and professionals who have been constantly interacting with the Jatropha biofuel industry for over six years. The Jatropha Digest will be an invaluable guide to those keen on venturing into one of the most exciting renewable energy domains.
www.biozio.com – Welcome to the Bio World!
Jatropha
D I GE ST PRE VI E W
Who will benefit from this report? 1. Entrepreneurs wishing to understand the Jatropha industry and the current and future business opportunities in this market. 2. Companies in the biofuels and alternative fuel industries exploring the Jatropha energy domain 3. Companies and entrepreneurs wishing to understand the current status and future potential for Jatropha in other industries. 4. Investment banks and financial investment companies keen on funding ventures in the biofuels industry.
www.biozio.com – Welcome to the Bio World!
Jatropha
D I GE ST PRE VI E W
1. Introduction There is a misconception that the Jatropha plant requires little water and that it requires almost no inputs in terms of fertilizers and pesticides. The fact is that the Jatropha plant does require all these inputs in reasonable amounts; however, it requires these inputs and maintenance in amounts significantly lower than for many other energy crops. There are other similar facts about Jatropha that an entrepreneur or investor needs to know about before investing in this field. This chapter provides these real world insights and inputs on Jatropha that clearly informs an investor or an entrepreneur the actual characteristics of the crop and the real status of the oil yields from the crop.
Key Sections 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Jatropha Crop Cultivation Seed Selection Raising in Nursery Direct Seeding in Main Field Crop Management 1.3 Jatropha Soil, Water & Climatic Requirements Climate Soil Water & Irrigation Rainfall Weeding Fertilizers Crop Density Pesticides Inter-cropping Jatropha Harvesting and Post Harvest Handling Labor Estimate 1.4 Jatropha Yield 1.4.1 Factors Causing Yield Variation for Jatropha Seeds 1.5 Jatropha Cultivation Q & A 1.6 Jatropha Oil Production 1.6.1 Key Manufacturing Processes for Jatropha Oil 1.6.2 Conversion of Jatropha Oil into Biodiesel Biodiesel Processing 1.6.3 Can Jatropha Oil Make a Good Biodiesel? Properties of the biodiesel made from Jatropha oil Cost of biodiesel made from Jatropha oil
www.biozio.com – Welcome to the Bio World!
Jatropha
D I GE ST PRE VI E W
S
Jatropha Yield
A M P L E
Based on the various estimates made by experts and data, the following are the consolidated yield data for Jatropha seeds
1
Range of Reported Yields per hectare (T) 0.250-1.25
Most likely average yield per hectare (T) 0.50
2
1-2.5
1.5
3
2.5-5.0
3.0
4 5
5 – 6.25 6.25 – 7.5
5.0 6.5
Year
Also provides comparative indicative yield data for Jatropha seeds with and without irrigation, Jatropha real life yield data for various countries, and yield data under best case scenario.
Q&A 1. What land preparations would you recommend before planting? 2. Where can I get Jatropha curcas seeds and seedlings? 3. How does Jatropha affect soil fertility? 4. When does Jatropha start bearing seeds? 6. Is there a major difference in growth & yield for plants that grew from seeds and those that grew from saplings? 7. Are there other ways to grow Jatropha apart from seeds and saplings? 8. Do the yields decrease under drought conditions? 9. High Yield Variety
www.biozio.com – Welcome to the Bio World!
Jatropha
D I GE ST PRE VI E W
2. Size & Scope of the Jatropha Business Opportunity The biofuel industry is already worth over $ 50 billion, and by 2014, it is expected to be worth over $ 125 billion. Even at this size, biofuels will contribute less than 5% to the total transportation fuels market worldwide! This shows the size of the opportunity that awaits successful biofuel ventures. While Jatropha is currently being evaluated only for biodiesel, the feedstock has the potential to produce a range of other fuels – ethanol, methane and heavy oil, among others - and could become one of the largest contributing feedstocks for biofuel production. Thus, Jatropha biofuel has the potential to have a future market size in tens of billions. This chapter provides details on the range of business opportunities and product opportunities available with Jatropha.
Key Sections 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Big Challenges & Big Payoffs 2.3 Applications & Uses of Jatropha 2.3.1 Fuel Applications of Jatropha Biodiesel Electricity Generation Oil for Lighting / Cooking 2.3.2 Non-fuel Applications Soap Production Cosmetic Uses Medicinal Uses 2.3.2.1 Other Non-fuel Applications of Jatropha Material Jatropha Meal Uses 2.3.3 Possible Future Uses of Jatropha Possible Future Medicinal Uses Potential Industrial Uses 2.4 Renewable Energy Technologies Suitable For Jatropha Materials Thermal and Thermochemical Technologies Pyrolysis Gasification Biochemical Technologies Fermentation Transesterification Biomethanation Chemical Technologies Thermal Cracking Distillation
www.biozio.com – Welcome to the Bio World!
Jatropha
D I GE ST PRE VI E W
Producer Gas Bioreactor Technology and Process Timelines
S
Applications & Uses of Jatropha
A M P L E
Jatropha has been long used by villagers and tribal in India for its oil. While currently Jatropha oil predominantly is used for biodiesel, other non-fuel uses of the oil are being researched. Apart from its oil, the other parts of Jatropha plant also have the potential for other uses, which are detailed later. We discuss the size and scope of various applications of Jatropha in two categories 1. Fuel 2. Non – fuel
The scope of applications and potential markets for both fuel and non-fuel uses are explained in this chapter. These insights will help entrepreneurs to identify synergistic business opportunities
www.biozio.com – Welcome to the Bio World!
Jatropha
D I GE ST PRE VI E W
3. Real World Status of Jatropha Biodiesel Projects A reading of the various news updates about the Jatropha industry can throw up often conflicting inputs. There are reports about Jatropha’s success from some parts of the world, while from other parts there are reports of the crop failing to living up to expectations. An investor needs a clearer picture of the real world status of Jatrophabased biodiesel projects, especially in terms of country-wise performance of the crop, yields in various regions, and the critical challenges being faced by those who ventured earlier into this industry. This chapter provides inputs on these critical aspects.
Key Sections 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Prominent Companies 3.3 Status of Jatropha Oil in Real World 3.3.1 Supply Volumes 3.3.2 Supplies in Various Countries 3.3.3 Yields in Reality 3.3.4 Industry Concentration 3.3.5 Dominant Designs 3.3.6 Implementation Status of Prominent Companies
D1-BP Fuel Crops Mission Biofuels Sunbiofuels GEM Biofuels Energem Resources Inc 3.3.7 Q&A 3.4 Bottlenecks & Barriers Scarcity of Authentic Real-life Data and Guidance Uncertain Yields Land Availability Threat of New Entrants
www.biozio.com – Welcome to the Bio World!
Jatropha
S A M P L E
D I GE ST PRE VI E W
Industry Concentration Number of Companies Involved in Producing Fuels from Jatropha Year 2000 2003 2005 2008
# of Jatropha Biodiesel Companies 1-5 20 60 225
Note: The number does not include very small Jatropha biodiesel efforts, and typically considers only those that comprise at least 500 hectares.
List of prominent companies and the status of this emerging industry with regard to the number of companies, existence of standards, key entry barriers and project implementation are provided in this chapter
Q&A 1. Why isn’t anybody selling Jatropha oil in large scale commercially? 2. What kind of external funding is available for Jatropha?
www.biozio.com – Welcome to the Bio World!
Jatropha
D I GE ST PRE VI E W
4. Costs An in-depth knowledge of costs involved in Jatropha biofuels is critical for an entrepreneur exploring this industry. Some cost components in the Jatropha biofuel industry are “standard” costs – these include the costs of oil extraction, transesterification or anaerobic digestion, for instance. These cost components are well understood as they have been applied for similar products earlier. The costs for cultivation and maintenance of the Jatropha crop on a large-scale are however not fully understood, as large-scale cultivation started only a few years back. This chapter provides data on the costs of cultivation, estimated based on real-life interactions, and analyses of cost data from multiple sources and different regions worldwide. This chapter also provides cost details for producing possible energy products from Jatropha, other than biodiesel – methane, electricity, biodiesel and a range of hydrocarbon fuels based on gasification / pyrolysis.
Key Sections 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Cost 4.2.1 Cultivation, Crop Management & Harvesting Cultivation Crop care Harvesting 4.2.2 Costs for Jatropha Biodiesel 4.2.2.1 Oil Extraction & Refining Extraction Cost Components 4.2.2.2 Summary of costs for oil extraction and refining 4.2.2.3 Costs for Conversion of Oil to Biodiesel Transesterification for Biodiesel Cost Components for Conversion to Biodiesel 4.2.3 Costs for Other Energy Products from Jatropha Electricity through Anaerobic Digestion Hydrocarbon Fuels Using Thermochemical Processes Heat and Electricity from Direct Combustion of Jatropha Biomass 4.2.4 Summary of Costs for Energy from Jatropha 4.3 Costs – Reference Energy Costs Combustion & Landfill Gas & Co-firing 4.4 Indicative Costs for Setting up Medium Scale Jatropha Oil Manufacturing Plants
www.biozio.com – Welcome to the Bio World!
Jatropha
S A M P L E
D I GE ST PRE VI E W
Costs This chapter provides detail estimates of costs involved in whole Jatropha biodiesel process from cultivation to biodiesel and other energy products. Detailed cost estimates for each and every process are given below Cost for: Cultivation - Includes seed or sapling cost, land preparation and sowing. Crop Care - Includes pruning, fertilizers, pesticides, irrigation etc Harvesting Cost Costs for Producing Jatropha Biodiesel Apart from the cost of cultivation and harvesting, the costs for Jatropha biodiesel production include those for: 1. Extraction 2. Conversion to Biodiesel - Transesterification Oil Extraction & Refining Costs for: Expeller press Solvent extraction Refining Extraction Cost Components Cost of chemicals Cost of extraction equipments (capital expenses) Cost of maintenance of extraction equipments Cost of extraction operations Cost of purification of extracted oil Cost of manpower for all the above operations Costs for Conversion of Oil to Biodiesel Transesterification for Biodiesel – Transesterification is the process by which plant oils are converted to biodiesel
www.biozio.com – Welcome to the Bio World!
Jatropha
D I GE ST PRE VI E W
Cost Components for Conversion to Biodiesel Cost of conversion equipments (capital expenses) Cost of maintenance of conversion equipments Chemicals and additives required for conversion Actual cost of conversion operations Cost of manpower for all the above operations Costs for Other Energy Products from Jatropha It is possible to derive fuels other than biodiesel from Jatropha though these are in the experimental stages. The other energy products that can be derived from Jatropha are Cellulosic Ethanol Electricity through Anaerobic Digestion Hydrocarbon Fuels Using Thermochemical Processes Heat and Electricity from Direct Combustion of Jatropha Biomass The report also provides inputs on the process and indicative costs for producing these fuels from Jatropha. Summary of Costs for Oil Extraction and Refining
Process
Operating Cost for Extraction ($ per gallon)
Amortized Capital Cost for Extraction ($ per gallon)*
Total Cost for Refining (Operating Cost + Amortized Capex) ($ per gallon)
Total Cost ($ per gallon)
Expeller Press
0.12
0.05
0.2
0.37
Solvent Extraction
0.20
0.1
0.2
0.5
www.biozio.com – Welcome to the Bio World!
Jatropha
D I GE ST PRE VI E W
5. Prices Jatropha seeds have seen high volatility in their prices in the past few years, as prices increased significantly in anticipation of accelerated demand. On the other side, only in early 2009, some of the companies in the Jatropha biodiesel production business started publicly providing the prices of biodiesel produced by them. The economic sustainability of Jatropha biodiesel production is enhanced if the Jatropha meal, produced as a byproduct, is able to fetch a good price in the market. Knowledge of prices of Jatropha seeds and oil - and the trends in these prices – are very important for entrepreneurs and investors as this is the single most important factor that will determine the financial viability of their projects. This chapter provides historical and updated price data for Jatropha seeds, oil and Jatropha meal.
Key Sections 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Jatropha Seeds Prices & Trends 5.3 Jatropha Oil Prices 5.4 Jatropha Meal Prices
S A M P L E
Jatropha Seeds Prices & Trends Average Seed Price of Jatropha
Year 2005
Average Seed Price ($/Kg) 0.1
2006 Jan 2007 July 2007
0.12 0.12 0.14
Jan 2008 Jul 2008
0.2 0.22
Can we provide some mid early 2009 and mid 2009 prices?
Price details of Jatropha seed, oil and meal are discussed in this chapter
www.biozio.com – Welcome to the Bio World!
Jatropha
D I GE ST PRE VI E W
6. Profiles of Top Companies Starting with just a handful of companies in 2002, the Jatropha industry currently has over a hundred companies that have invested in large-scale Jatropha biodiesel production, in addition to hundreds of small and small-medium entrepreneurs and businesses. The profiles and the activities of the prominent companies will provide insights on the success factors and important lessons for entrepreneurs keen on investing in Jatropha biofuels. This chapter provides profiles and important operational details of all the top companies that are operating in the Jatropha biodiesel industry.
Key Sections 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Companies Venturing into Jatropha Worldwide: 6.2.1 Major Jatropha Companies D1-BP Fuel Crops Mission Biofuels
Sunbiofuels GEM Biofuels
Jatoil Limited Energem Resources Inc Energy Africa LTD. Eco-Carbone ESV Group plc Oil IKF Green Fuel Ltd. GreenGold Ray Energies Inc. (GRYE) Viridas PLC 6.2.2 Other Companies
www.biozio.com – Welcome to the Bio World!
Jatropha S A M P L E
D I GE ST PRE VI E W
Companies Venturing into Jatropha The largest private companies in the Jatropha industry are 1. Company name: D1-BP Fuel Crops
Location: London
Line of Activity: Biofuels technology company developing new energy crops into sustainable commercial fuels. D1-BP Fuel Crops Limited, a joint venture between BP and D1 Oils plc, was formed in October 2007. The partnership aims to make more sustainable biodiesel feedstock available commercially through the planting and cultivation of Jatropha curcas, a low-cost, sustainable biodiesel feedstock. The partnership combines D1 Oils’ unique experience in the plant science and commercial planting of Jatropha for the production of biodiesel with BP’s commercial strength, fuels technology expertise and access to major international fuel markets. Up to 31 March 2008, D1-BP Fuel Crops has planted or obtained rights to off take from a total of 192,016 hectares of Jatropha worldwide. Planting is concentrated in Southern Africa, India and South East Asia. The cumulative position is summarised in the table below:
Managed plantations
India
Africa
South East Asia
Total
Contract farming
Seed purchase and oil supply agreements
Total Hectares
South
—
62,455
—
62,455
North East
—
5,922
—
5,922
Rest
—
2,860
23,833
26,693
—
71,237
23,833
95,070
Zambia
2,276
70
23,179
25,525
Swaziland Rest
1,064 50
210 879
6,112 13,638
7,386 14,567
3,390
1,159
42,929
47,478
18 —
19,250 2,212
20,132 7,856
39,400 10,068
18
21,462
27,988
49,468
3,408
93,858
94,750
192,016
Indonesia Rest
www.biozio.com – Welcome to the Bio World!
Jatropha
D I GE ST PRE VI E W
It is anticipated that some 1 million hectares will be planted over the next four years, with an estimated 300,000 hectares per year thereafter. D1-BP Fuel Crops aims to have the first Jatropha oil feedstock available by end of 2008. BP will invest close to US$90 million of a total JV investment of US$160 million over the next five years Jatropha oil produced from the plantations will be used to meet local biodiesel requirements as well as for export to markets such as Europe, where domestic feedstock is unlikely to meet anticipated regulatory led demand for biodiesel of around 11 million tonnes a year from 2010. Other Projects In India, BP is funding a US$9.4 million project by The Energy Resources Institute (TERI) to examine the possibilities of using Jatropha as a biofuels component. The project will seek to cultivate 8,000 hectares of Jatropha (equivalent to 20 m saplings) and will install all the necessary processing equipment to process the crop into biodiesel. It will produce approximately 9 million litres of biodiesel per annum and will involve planting, cultivating and harvesting the plant; dehulling and crushing the seeds; shipping it to a conversion plant and finally blending it with diesel. Jatropha Plantation Location: Southern Africa, India and South East Asia. Website: http://www.d1bpfuelcrops.com/
Detailed profiles, projects, Jatropha acreage and their research are provided for over 10 prominent companies that have ventured into the Jatropha biodiesel industry.
www.biozio.com – Welcome to the Bio World!
Jatropha Company
D I GE ST PRE VI E W
Website
AEC/French Company Avana Group Baker Biofuel Company (USA) Bio Energy
www.bioenergy.net
Bio Energy Invest Biocombustibles de Guatemala Biodiesel Technologies -
www.biodieseltechnologiesindia.com
Bioenergy Development Co. Ltd
www.bioenergy-development.com
BIOFISCHER Biogreen Energy Sdn.Bhd,Malaysia BIOPER BioTins / Saudibras BioX Group.
www.biox.nl
CARAMURU
www.caramuru.com
China Agro-Technology Ltd. CNOOC
www.cnooc.com.cn
COFCO
www.cofco.com/en/
Costa Rica Seed Company
www.costaricaseedcompany.com
Curcas Diesel Brazil Diligent Energy Systems
www.diligent.nl
Eagle Farm ECOMAXX Elaion Africa LDA EnerTerra
www.enerterra.com
Enhanced Biofuels Technologies Pvt Ltd
www.ebtiplc.com
EnviroTrade
www.envirotrade.co.uk
Equitech
www.equitech.biz
FairTradeFuel
www.fairtradefuel.org
Flora EcoPower
www.floraecopower.com
FRC/TAISEI Japan
www.biozio.com – Welcome to the Bio World!
Jatropha
D I GE ST PRE VI E W
Fu Xing Yuan Bio-energy Company Ltd Fusermann Biodiesel
www.fusermann.com.br
GALP Energy
www.galpenergia.com
Galten
www.galtengroup.com
GIC-MAPER Green Eight Industries Inc. Green Power
www.greenpower.li/jatropha.html
Heaven Petroleum InfEnergy Ltd.
www.jatrophatanzania.com
InWent & Energiebau Solarstromsysteme ISPAIA Energia J and P Company J+J Group
www.jjsea.com
Jatrafuel JatroGreen Jatropha Africa-Ghana
www.jatrophaafrica.com
John Bizeray J-Oils
www.johnston-oils.co.uk
JSL Biofuels Analavory (GEXSI)
www.gexsi.org
KAKUTE Kikuletwa Kilimanjaro Biofuels Kolao Group Land Lab Bio-tech
www.lablandbiotechs.com
Mali Biocarburant SA
www.malibiocarburant.com
Marli Investments Naturol Bioenergy Ltd
www.naturol-bio.com
NEO - New Ecologic Oil
www.newecologicoil.com
NNE Minas Agroforestal Noble Horticulture Farm Oji Paper Group
www.ojipaper.co.jp
Oval Biofuels
www.ovalbiofuels.com
www.biozio.com – Welcome to the Bio World!
Jatropha
D I GE ST PRE VI E W
Pandian Estates Private Limited Panzhihua Jatropha Biodiesel Industry Development Plant.a.Bio Agrotecnologia
www.plantabio.com.br
Plantation Oswaldo Aguair Prefeitura de Cuiabá
www.cuiaba.mt.gov.br
PROKON
www.prokon-tanzania.com
PT Rajawali Nusantara Indonesia (RNI)
www.rni.co.id
PT. Kreatif Energi Indonesia
www.indobiofuel.com
Rivertime Plantations Sada Bioenergia
www.sadabioenergia.com.br
SafiAnzania Sherriff Estates Sinopec China
www.english.sinopec.com/index.shtml
Sunshine Technology
www.sunshinetechnology.com
Symboil
www.symboil.de
Thenergo
www.thenergo.eu
TOM Investment – MMF Yunnan Plant Oil Group and German Energy Strategy Consulting Company Yunnan Shenyu New Energy Co. Ltd
www.biozio.com – Welcome to the Bio World!
Jatropha
D I GE ST PRE VI E W
7. Investments & Financing While there are large-scale investments taking place in Jatropha biodiesel world over, there are a number of small and medium scale businesses investing in this industry as well. While some of the small scale investors might be in a position to self-finance their ventures, most other entrepreneurs and investors are relying on external financing for their Jatropah ventures. Three types of financings have been supporting the Jatropha industry – bank loans, equity-based financing, and government / public grants. This chapter provides details on updates for each of these modes of financing.
Key Sections 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Some Sample Investments in Jatropha Investments by Prominent Companies Investments by Other Companies 7.3 Methodologies for Financing Loans Equity Governmental schemes
S A M P L E
Some Sample Investments in Jatropha Investments by Prominent Companies Investment (US$)
Company
Country Invested
Area (Hectares)
D1-BP Fuel
160 million
South Africa & India
1 million
Sun Biofuels
20 million
Tanzania
GEM BioFuels Energem Resources
7.2 million
Madagascar
452,500
55 million
Mozambique
60,000
NA
This chapter provides inputs on sample investment data and the existing methods for financing such investments.
www.biozio.com – Welcome to the Bio World!
Jatropha
D I GE ST PRE VI E W
8. Business Strategies As in any other business, the winners in the Jatropha industry are those who would have strategized better than the also-rans. The fast-changing and dynamic nature of the Jatropha industry makes it more important that entrepreneurs get their strategy right, in such a way that it factors in the uncertainties in the business while at the same time ensures that most of the business actions go towards creating productive, long-term assets. This chapter provides key insights on the various strategic aspects of the Jatropha biofuel industry, and clearly points out the key factors for success, as well as the mistakes that should be avoided.
Key Sections 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Key Strategies 8.3 Understanding Your Country / Region’s Regulatory and Incentive Environment Better Government & Other Public Mandates & Initiatives o North America Canada o European Union o Africa South Africa Mozambique Ghana o Asia India China Japan o Oceania Australia
S
Key Strategies
A M P L E
Talk to the Industry – It is important that prospective investors and entrepreneurs talk to real life Jatropha growers in the relevant region before investing. Yields and related growth parameters vary significantly across the world and hence generalized data are not sufficient
This chapter provides detailed insights and business strategies for the various aspects.
www.biozio.com – Welcome to the Bio World!
Jatropha
D I GE ST PRE VI E W
9. Predictions Knowledge of future possibilities helps entrepreneurs in planning their ventures better. This is especially true for an industry that is in its initial stages. Based on our acquaintance with the Jatropha biofuel industry since its inception, and based on our interactions with experts and industry participants, we have provided our inputs on the future challenges, highlights and trends for the Jatropha biofuels industry in terms of costs and prices, competition, supply and demand, and geographic expansion of the industry.
Key Sections 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Prices 9.3 Companies 9.4 Countries 9.5 Jatropha Oil Supply 9.5.1 Supply Forecast for Biodiesel 9.5.2 Supply Forecast for Jatropha Biodiesel 9.5.3 Share of Jartropha Biodiesel in Total Supply Projected Share of Jatropha Biodiesel in Total Biodiesel Production 9.6 Trends in Development of Jatropha Schemes 9.7 Jatropha Market Trends - Summary
S A M P L E
Supply Forecast for Jatropha Biodiesel Year
Total projected Jatropha biodiesel supply (MMT)
2009 2010
0.5 2.1
2012 2015
6.5 15.5 Source: BioZio
This chapter provides predictions for the future of Jatropha oil and biodiesel for the next five years and beyond. In addition, predictions on number of companies and countries for large-scale Jatropha cultivation are provided in this chapter.
www.biozio.com – Welcome to the Bio World!
Jatropha
D I GE ST PRE VI E W
10. Interested? Next Steps 10.1 Biofuels Associations Worldwide 10.2 Ask BioZio
Ask BioZio If you are interested in taking the next steps, you might have the following questions (or other questions related to these): Are there consultants I can talk to right away? Where do I find the Jatropha experts? Where can I find companies for purchasing equipments related to Jatropha cultivation and extraction? Where can I find experts who can implement the Biodiesel plant for me? We’d request you to send in your questions such as the above to biozio.com, by sending an email to
[email protected]. We will do our best to assist you in this.
List of Tables Chapter 1 1. 2. 3. 4.
Jatropha Yield Yield Based on Soil Quality Some Real Life Yield Data for Jatropha Seeds Key Fuel Properties of Jatropha Oil and its Biodiesel
Chapter 2 5. Revenues of Top 5 Oil Companies (2008, US$ billion) 6. Effect of Jatropha Cake on Jatropha curcas Planted under Different Spacing A summary of these fuels is provided below, along with inputs on the conversion technologies / processes used 7. In future, other technologies might start getting applied for making energy fuels from Jatropha. The following table provides possible timeframes for the application of some of the technologies and processes
www.biozio.com – Welcome to the Bio World!
Jatropha
D I GE ST PRE VI E W
Chapter 3 8. Some Real Life Yield Data for Jatropha Seeds 9. Number of Jatropha Biodiesel Companies by Year
Chapter 4 10. Representative Working Out of Costs and Returns for Jatropha Cultivation 11. Cost of Extraction Using Oil Press 12. Cost of Solvent Extraction 13. Refining - Degumming, Neutralization 14. Summary of Costs for Oil Extraction and Refining 15. Transesterification Cost 16. Anaerobic Digestion 17. Cost of Thermochemical Processes 18. Gasification / Pyrolysis & Catalytic Synthesis 19. Cost of Direct Combustion 20. Support data and assumptions for the cost calculations 21. Enzyme/Fermentation vs. Gasification/Synthesis 22. Capital Cost Estimates of Gasification & Pyrolysis Plants 23. Costs for Biomass Energy Using Combustion 24. Typical Biodiesel Cost Break-up
Chapter 5 25. Jatropha Seeds Prices & Trends 26. Countrywise Jatropha Seed Price (2008) 27. Jatropha Oil Prices 28. Jatropha Meal Prices
Chapter 6 29. D1-BP Fuel Crops Plantations 30. Other Companies
Chapter 7 31. Investments by Prominent Companies 32. Investments by Other Companies
www.biozio.com – Welcome to the Bio World!
Jatropha
D I GE ST PRE VI E W
Chapter 8 33. Use and Blending Share Targets (T) and Mandates (M) For Liquid Biofuels That Can Be Met By either Ethanol or Biodiesel 34. EU Member States Goals for the Use of Biofuels as Transportation Fuel (% of Total Fuel Use)
Chapter 9 35. Current prices of Jatropha biodiesel 36. Companies 37. Projected Total Biodiesel Production Until 2015 (from all feedstock) 38. Supply Forecast for Jatropha Biodiesel 39. Share of Jatropha Biodiesel in Total Supply 40. Share of Jatropha Biodiesel in Total Supply
Chapter 10 41. Biofuels Associations Worldwide
List of Figures Chapter 1 1. Jatropha Crop Cultivation
Chapter 9 2. Trends in Development of Jatropha Schemes
References 1
Position Paper on Jatropha and Large Scale Project Development, FACT, June, 2007 http://www.svlele.com/lecture2.htm 3 http://www.svlele.com/lecture2.htm 4 http://lee.ifas.ufl.edu/AgNatRes/Pubs/Jatropha%20Q%20and%20A2.pdf 5 http://www.jatrophacurcasplantations.com/jatropha-curcas-seeds.htm 6 http://www.osmania.ac.in/BotanyResearch/images/WEBPAGE.DOC 7 http://www.osmania.ac.in/BotanyResearch/images/WEBPAGE.DOC 8 www.bar.gov.ph 2
www.biozio.com – Welcome to the Bio World!
Jatropha
D I GE ST PRE VI E W
Price of the Jatropha Digest The price of the Jatropha Digest is US $150. You can purchase the report using a credit card from here http://www.biozio.com/ref/report/jat/purchase.html To know more about the report, visit http://www.biozio.com/ref/report/jat/jatropha_biodiesel.html If you are interested in purchasing using bank wire transfer, please send a note to Narsi Santhanam – email:
[email protected] , Mobile: +91-98413-48117 (India).
www.biozio.com – Welcome to the Bio World!