TRAPPIST-1 & SPECULOOS planets
NASA APAC Mee)ng, 24-25 April 2017, NASA HQ, Washington DC, USA
TRAPPIST-1 & SPECULOOS planets A chance to detect chemical traces of life beyond our solar system
Michaël Gillon (Liège) University of Liège, Belgium
Search for habitable Planets EClipsing ULtra-cOOl Stars
Search for habitable Planets EClipsing ULtra-cOOl Stars
What are « ultra-cool stars »? Ultracool dwarfs: Teff < 2700K, spectral type later than M6 Sun (Kirckpatrick et al. 1995).
Mix of stars + brown dwarfs
Ultra-cool star
hBp://www.stsci.edu/~inr/ldwarf3.html
Search for habitable Planets EClipsing ULtra-cOOl Stars
What are « ultra-cool stars »? Ultracool dwarfs: Teff < 2700K, spectral type later than M6 Sun (Kirckpatrick er al. 1995).
Mix of stars + brown dwarfs Ultra-cool star
Ultracool (dwarf) stars Spectral type: M7V to L2.5V (Dieterich et al. 2014)
Mass: 0.075 to 0.1 M¤ Size: 0.08 to 0.15 R¤ Luminosity: 0.01 to 0.1% L¤ Main-sequence lifeLme: >1000 Gyrs
Dieterich et al. (2014)
Search for habitable Planets EClipsing ULtra-cOOl Stars
Why a transit survey targeLng ultra-cool stars? 1. Uncharted territory Sun
U C S
0.01
0.1
MEarth K2 TESS PLATO etc
1 Host star mass (M¤)
10
Search for habitable Planets EClipsing ULtra-cOOl Stars
Why a transit survey targeLng ultra-cool stars? 2. Significant fracLon of the galacLc populaLon Sun
10-15% of stars in solar neighborhood
Search for habitable Planets EClipsing ULtra-cOOl Stars
Why a transit survey targeLng ultra-cool stars? 3. Habitable zone is VERY close to the star
Orbital period of a few days + Transit probability of a few %
Search for habitable Planets EClipsing ULtra-cOOl Stars
Why a transit survey targeLng ultra-cool stars?
4. Atmospheric characterizaLon of HZ Earth-sized planets possible Sun
UCS
Earth-twin - 10pc – JWST - 200hr
From Kaltenegger & Traub (2009)
Best targets for JWST : ~1000 ultra-cool stars with Jmag < 14
Search for habitable Planets EClipsing ULtra-cOOl Stars
SPECULOOS: basic concept Targets: 1000 ultra-cool dwarfs of J
TRAPPIST-1 & SPECULOOS planets A chance to detect chemical traces of life beyond our solar system
Michaël Gillon (Liège) University of Liège, Belgium
Search for habitable Planets EClipsing ULtra-cOOl Stars
Search for habitable Planets EClipsing ULtra-cOOl Stars
What are « ultra-cool stars »? Ultracool dwarfs: Teff < 2700K, spectral type later than M6 Sun (Kirckpatrick et al. 1995).
Mix of stars + brown dwarfs
Ultra-cool star
hBp://www.stsci.edu/~inr/ldwarf3.html
Search for habitable Planets EClipsing ULtra-cOOl Stars
What are « ultra-cool stars »? Ultracool dwarfs: Teff < 2700K, spectral type later than M6 Sun (Kirckpatrick er al. 1995).
Mix of stars + brown dwarfs Ultra-cool star
Ultracool (dwarf) stars Spectral type: M7V to L2.5V (Dieterich et al. 2014)
Mass: 0.075 to 0.1 M¤ Size: 0.08 to 0.15 R¤ Luminosity: 0.01 to 0.1% L¤ Main-sequence lifeLme: >1000 Gyrs
Dieterich et al. (2014)
Search for habitable Planets EClipsing ULtra-cOOl Stars
Why a transit survey targeLng ultra-cool stars? 1. Uncharted territory Sun
U C S
0.01
0.1
MEarth K2 TESS PLATO etc
1 Host star mass (M¤)
10
Search for habitable Planets EClipsing ULtra-cOOl Stars
Why a transit survey targeLng ultra-cool stars? 2. Significant fracLon of the galacLc populaLon Sun
10-15% of stars in solar neighborhood
Search for habitable Planets EClipsing ULtra-cOOl Stars
Why a transit survey targeLng ultra-cool stars? 3. Habitable zone is VERY close to the star
Orbital period of a few days + Transit probability of a few %
Search for habitable Planets EClipsing ULtra-cOOl Stars
Why a transit survey targeLng ultra-cool stars?
4. Atmospheric characterizaLon of HZ Earth-sized planets possible Sun
UCS
Earth-twin - 10pc – JWST - 200hr
From Kaltenegger & Traub (2009)
Best targets for JWST : ~1000 ultra-cool stars with Jmag < 14
Search for habitable Planets EClipsing ULtra-cOOl Stars
SPECULOOS: basic concept Targets: 1000 ultra-cool dwarfs of J
