8th Grade Science Semester Review 2014 1. What scientific law states there must be the same number of atoms of an element on both sides of an equation? 2. Write the unbalanced equation showing rust, Fe203, forming when oxygen, 02, reacts with iron, Fe? 3. A rocket launching into space would be an example of which of Newton’s Laws? 4. A roller coaster containing three cars is accelerating at 10 m/s2 before it comes to an abrupt stop at the end of the ride. The mass of one cart is 200kg. How much force was exerted on the roller coaster to bring it to a stop? 5. In parasite/host and predator/prey relationships one organism ____________and the other is ____________. 6. A spotted owl swoops down and captures a mouse best describes a _________________ relationship in the forest. 7. A lion preys on a herd of gazelle is NOT an example of how _____factors interact with abiotic factors in an ecosystem? 8. Two people are pulling on an object with the same force and are not moving. The forces are ____________________. 9. Motion is affected by this force in every situation? 10. When oil rigs are finished drilling, the platforms are sunk into the ocean. How does these impact organisms in the area by ______. 11. How does reducing the number of phytoplankton most directly affect humans? 12. If a vehicle is traveling 40 mph West and then changes direction and continues at 40mph in the new direction. The speed of the vehicle has stayed the ____________________ and its ______________has changed. 13. List 5 things that can show a chemical reaction is happening? 14. The same force is applied to a 1500kg vehicle and a 500kg vehicle. What will be the result? 15. Be able to recognize an equation that follows the Law of Conservation of Mass(a balanced equation). Is O2 + H2 →H20 a balanced? 16. A student gathered a toy car, a ramp, a stopwatch, a meter stick, and a variety of weights. What is he likely testing? 17. A person is sitting in the back seat of a car when the vehicle suddenly stops. The person will continue moving forward due to the Law of________. 18. Which of Newton's Laws describes the relationship between the mass and force? 19. The atomic number of an atom is equal to the number of ____________the atom has. (Know where the atomic numbers are located on the Periodic Table.) 20. What type of forces will cause an object to accelerate? 21. Newton is credited with discovering what three things? 22. What subatomic particles are found in the nucleus of an atom? 23. What subatomic particle determines an element’s identity? 24. Most of the volume of an atom is occupied by ______________. 25. What is the formula to find the number of neutrons in an atom? 26. Which of the three subatomic particles has a smaller mass than the other two? 27. Neils Bohr model of the atom was the first to show the model having _______? 28. How much force is needed to hold the 2 kg and 1 kg objects in the picture? 29. If you accidentally splash chemicals in your eye, which piece of safety equipment should you use? 30. In the equation 2H2 + 02 → 2H2O , what is the subscript of the oxygen molecule? 31. New substances produced during a chemical reaction are called _________ and are found on the __________ side of the equation. 32. What symbol represents “yields” in a chemical equation? 33. How many atoms of carbon are there in CO2? 34. Which two elements shown on the right would have the most similar chemical properties? 35. If you break a glass container in the lab, you should? 36. The most reactive metal is one with _________________________. 37. How many total atoms are in Ethanol? 38. A student is asked to identify an element that is a non‐reactive gas and does not conduct electricity. Would it be in found in group 2, 14, 16 or 18 ? 39. An atom has 8 protons, 8 neutrons, and 8 electrons. What is the identity of the element? 40. Balance this equation ___ Na2SO4 + ___ Mg → ___ Na + ___ MgSO4 41. Elements that are most similar are located where on the Periodic Table? 42. On the Periodic Table, which 2 groups contain the most gases? 43. On the Periodic Table, which 2 groups are made from reactive metals? 44. On the Periodic Table, which group is made from non‐reactive elements? 45. The atomic number ___________ as you move left to right across a period. 46. In neutral atoms, the number of electrons equals________________? 47. Where are metalloids located on the Periodic Table?
1. Law of Conservation of Mass 2. O2 + Fe →Fe2O3 3. Law of Action‐Reaction (3rd Law) 4. 3 X 200 = 600 X 10 = 6,000 5. benefits, harmed 6. predator/prey 7. biotic 8. Balanced 9. Friction 10. The platform provides a habitat for organisms. 11. The atmosphere will contain more carbon dioxide, resulting in warmer global temperatures. 12. Same/ Velocity 13. Color Change, Odor Change, Temperature Change, Precipitate, Gas Production 14. The 500kg car will accelerate 3 times faster. 15. No. There are 2 oxygen atoms on the left but only 1 on the right. 16. How mass affects the speed of the car 17. Inertia (Newton’s 1st Law) 18. Law of force and acceleration 19. Protons 20. Unbalanced 21. Calculus, Refracting telescope, Laws of Motions 22.Protons and Neutrons 23.Protons 24.Empty Space 25.Atomic Mass – Atomic Number (# of protons) = # of Neutrons 26.Electrons have much less mass than protons and neutrons. Protons mass = Neutrons mass 27.Successive orbital shells of electron 28. 9.9 and 5.1 29. the eyewash station 30.The oxygen molecule is O2 so the subscript is 2 31.Products, Right 32.An arrow 33.One, There is no subscript after “C” which means it is one. 34. P, As 35. immediately tell the teacher 36. 1 valence electron 37. 9 38. group 18 39. 0 40. 1,1,2,1 41.In the same group or family. ( Up and Down) 42.Halogens (Group 17) and Noble Gases (Group 18) 43.Alkali Metals (Group 1) and Alkaline Earth Metals (Group 2) 44.Noble gases (Group 18) 45.Increases 46.The number of protons (atomic number) 47.On the zigzag line