Age of Discovery
Age of Discovery
15th century to the 17th century
Age of Discovery ❖ ❖ ❖
Covers explorations of Africa and the Americas by European Explorers Search of the Northwest Passage Advancements in cartography, navigation, and shipbuilding
What European countries sent explorers? ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖
Spain Portugal France England
*** Other countries commissioned explorers, but these four were the most successful***
Why did they explore? Most European countries explored for three reasons: • Riches (GOLD)- They searched for gold, land, and resources. • Religion (GOD)- They shared Christianity with other lands. • Reputation (GLORY)- They were thrill seekers who wanted to become famous.
What obstacles did they encounter? • Maps- They were exploring places people had never been. They had little to no maps to use. • Weather- Weather often caused rough seas, extreme cold, or heat and made their voyages difficult. •Supplies- They often ran out of supplies during their expeditions. • Diseases- They were exposed to diseases from insects. • Fear- Crew members were afraid of leaving their families to go to a place they had never been. Explorers often didn’t have all the crew members they needed for their journeys. • Enemies- They often encountered Natives who wanted to protect their lands from anyone who might try to claim it.
Cartography The science or practice of drawing maps.
Navigation The science of planning and controlling the direction of a ship. Navigational Tools: ❖ ❖
Astrolab-measures the height of the sun or a star above the horizon (learned about from North Africans) Compass- divided into four quadrants and uses magnetic needle that points to the north
Outcomes of Exploration • New lands were discovered •The expeditions of early explorers provided a new understanding of the world’s geography and improved map development and accuracy. • Trade was established between countries which boosted their economy. • Improvements in ship building and transportation occurred.
Early Famous Explorers ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖
Bartolomeu Dias-sailed around the southern tip of Africa (1487) Vasco de Gama-led the first Portuguese voyage to reach India (1498) Christopher Columbus- landed on an island in the Caribbean and named the last the West Indies and the people, Indians (1492) Pedro Alvarez Cabral-claimed Brazil for Portugal Vasco Nunez de Balboa- first European to lead an expedition to have seen or reached the Pacific from the New World. Ferdinand Magellan- named the Pacific Ocean, which means peaceful; his crew was the first to circumnavigate the world
15th century to the 17th century
Age of Discovery ❖ ❖ ❖
Covers explorations of Africa and the Americas by European Explorers Search of the Northwest Passage Advancements in cartography, navigation, and shipbuilding
What European countries sent explorers? ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖
Spain Portugal France England
*** Other countries commissioned explorers, but these four were the most successful***
Why did they explore? Most European countries explored for three reasons: • Riches (GOLD)- They searched for gold, land, and resources. • Religion (GOD)- They shared Christianity with other lands. • Reputation (GLORY)- They were thrill seekers who wanted to become famous.
What obstacles did they encounter? • Maps- They were exploring places people had never been. They had little to no maps to use. • Weather- Weather often caused rough seas, extreme cold, or heat and made their voyages difficult. •Supplies- They often ran out of supplies during their expeditions. • Diseases- They were exposed to diseases from insects. • Fear- Crew members were afraid of leaving their families to go to a place they had never been. Explorers often didn’t have all the crew members they needed for their journeys. • Enemies- They often encountered Natives who wanted to protect their lands from anyone who might try to claim it.
Cartography The science or practice of drawing maps.
Navigation The science of planning and controlling the direction of a ship. Navigational Tools: ❖ ❖
Astrolab-measures the height of the sun or a star above the horizon (learned about from North Africans) Compass- divided into four quadrants and uses magnetic needle that points to the north
Outcomes of Exploration • New lands were discovered •The expeditions of early explorers provided a new understanding of the world’s geography and improved map development and accuracy. • Trade was established between countries which boosted their economy. • Improvements in ship building and transportation occurred.
Early Famous Explorers ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖
Bartolomeu Dias-sailed around the southern tip of Africa (1487) Vasco de Gama-led the first Portuguese voyage to reach India (1498) Christopher Columbus- landed on an island in the Caribbean and named the last the West Indies and the people, Indians (1492) Pedro Alvarez Cabral-claimed Brazil for Portugal Vasco Nunez de Balboa- first European to lead an expedition to have seen or reached the Pacific from the New World. Ferdinand Magellan- named the Pacific Ocean, which means peaceful; his crew was the first to circumnavigate the world
