An Introduction to Familial Searching
NDIS Update and Implementation of the Expanded CODIS Core Douglas Hares, Ph.D. NDIS Custodian FBI Laboratory CODIS Unit
October 2015
NDIS Architecture 2
NDIS
SDIS
SDIS
SDIS
LDIS
LDIS
LDIS
Ft. Lauderdale, FL
Tallahassee, FL
Miami, FL
196 Sites = 142 LDIS and 54 SDIS Unclassified for Official Use Only
CODIS Installations Around the World Europe - 32
Asia Pacific - 8 Americas - 12 Africa/Middle East- 5
Unclassified for Official Use Only
CODIS Core Loci Expansion
4
D.R. Hares (2012) Expanding the CODIS Core Loci in the United States. Forensic Sci. Int. Genet. 6(1): e52-e54 Addendum to expanding the CODIS core loci in the United States, Forensic Sci. Int. Genet. (2012) 6(5): e135
Unclassified for Official Use Only
STR Marker Layouts for New Kits 200 bp
100 bp
300 bp
400 bp
24plex
PowerPlex
Fusion
2012
(5-dye) AM
D3S1358
D2S441
D1S1656 D18S51
D16S539 TH01
D21S11
Penta D
CSF1PO D7S820
D19S433
D12S391
Penta E
D13S317
D2S1338
vWA
D8S1179
D10S1248
TPOX
D5S818 FGA
DYS391 D22S1045
Overlap of 20 autosomal loci between kits 24plex D3S1358
GlobalFiler
2012
Y±
AM
D2S441 D22S1045 D10S1248
vWA
D8S1179
D16S539 D21S11
D19S433
TH01
D5S818 D1S1656
Denotes CODIS core 13 loci
CSF1PO D18S51
TPOX
(6-dye)
DYS391
FGA
D13S317 D12S391
D7S820
SE33 D2S1338
Slide kindly provided by NIST
CODIS Core Loci Expansion
6
D.R. Hares (2015) Selection and Implementation of Expanded CODIS Core Loci in the Unites States. Forensic Sci. Int. Genet. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fsigen.2015.03.006 page 33 – page 34
Unclassified for Official Use Only
New CODIS Core 20 Loci 7
Locus D18S51 FGA D21S11 D8S1179 vWA D13S317 D16S539 D7S820 TH01 D3S1358 D5S818 CSF1PO TPOX D2S1338 D19S433 D1S1656 D12S391 D2S441 D10S1248 D22S1045
Implementation Deadline: January 1, 2017
Unclassified for Official Use Only
New CODIS Core 20 Loci Next Steps
8
Letter to U.S. Congress (sent December 2014) Guidance on Implementation and Future CODIS Search Strategies forthcoming – CODIS Unit will work closely with CODIS Working Group of
SWGDAM to develop guidance – NDIS searches will be based upon the original Core 13, followed by “filtering” using any additional data present in both candidate profiles for the foreseeable future –
Population Database Files NIST FBI updated the STR databases with the new loci
– Future enhancements to CODIS will assist in implementation Automatic Moderate Match Estimation (MME) Calculation for all Forensic Mixtures and Forensic Partials in SP6
Unclassified for Official Use Only
Searches Stringency
9
Low stringency matches occur when one or more alleles match between the target and candidate profiles at a given locus.
Low 22,24 - 24,25
Moderate stringency matches require all alleles to match, but the target and candidate profiles can contain a different number of alleles. That is, if the target profile has three alleles and the sample profile has two, then two alleles must match.
Moderate 9,10,12 - 10,12 14,15 - 15
High stringency matches require all alleles to match.
High 10,12 - 10,12
Unclassified for Official Use Only
NDIS Statistics
Cumulative Totals Through July 31, 2015
10
Through July 2015
Category
Total Number of Profiles
277,081 Investigations Aided
Convicted Offender
11,791,722
213,684 Offender Hits
Arrestees
2,057,608
32,732
Detainee
23,212
Legal
59,159
Forensic
510,221
Forensic Mixture
56,878
Forensic Partial
96,731
Total Offender
13,931,701
Total Forensic
663,830
Total Profiles
14,595,531
Crime scene to offender within a state
National Offender Hits Crime scene in one state to an offender in another state
44,473
Forensic Hits
Crime scene to crime scene *Numbers represent confirmed matches where CODIS helped provide new information to a case
Approximate Number of Profiles added each year: 600,000 Convicted Offenders 400,000 Arrestees 60,000 Forensic Profiles
Unclassified for Official Use Only
NDIS Statistics
Cumulative Totals Through July 31, 2015
Forensic
Forensic Mixture
Forensic Partial
11
510,221
56,878
96,731
Single source (or a fully deduced profile originating from a mixture) profile containing results for all 13 CODIS Core Loci searched at High Stringency with one mismatch Contains DNA contributed from more than one source. Must have 10 of the original 13 CODIS core loci, searched at Moderate Stringency Single source (or a fully deduced profile originating from a mixture) profile with either locus or allelic dropout at any of the 13 CODIS Core Loci. Must have 10 of the original 13 CODIS core loci, searched at Moderate Stringency
Unclassified for Official Use Only
Match Estimation Utility CODIS 7.0
12
Runs from within Popstats Based upon Moderate stringency searching Configurable stringency by locus for keyboard searching Configurable to allow for a number of mismatches Employs minimum allele frequency for alleles not present in population tables Currently a Manual Process Unclassified for Official Use Only
Match Estimation 13
CODIS 7.0 SP6 (Fall 2015) – CODIS will automatically calculate a MME (Moderate Match
Estimate) for Forensic Partials and Forensic Mixtures Population database and CODIS 13 core loci will be “hard coded” so all labs calculate same value (NIST Population Database)
– MME is the inverse of the match rarity estimate – Upper level laboratories will be able to enter a “reject specimen”
threshold Threshold Based Enrollment Specimens with an MME under the threshold will be rejected upon upload (ME Recon code)
Unclassified for Official Use Only
Contact Info
FBI Laboratory, Quantico Virginia CODIS Unit (703) 632-8315 (phone) (703) 632-8305 (fax) [email protected] Unclassified for Official Use Only
October 2015
NDIS Architecture 2
NDIS
SDIS
SDIS
SDIS
LDIS
LDIS
LDIS
Ft. Lauderdale, FL
Tallahassee, FL
Miami, FL
196 Sites = 142 LDIS and 54 SDIS Unclassified for Official Use Only
CODIS Installations Around the World Europe - 32
Asia Pacific - 8 Americas - 12 Africa/Middle East- 5
Unclassified for Official Use Only
CODIS Core Loci Expansion
4
D.R. Hares (2012) Expanding the CODIS Core Loci in the United States. Forensic Sci. Int. Genet. 6(1): e52-e54 Addendum to expanding the CODIS core loci in the United States, Forensic Sci. Int. Genet. (2012) 6(5): e135
Unclassified for Official Use Only
STR Marker Layouts for New Kits 200 bp
100 bp
300 bp
400 bp
24plex
PowerPlex
Fusion
2012
(5-dye) AM
D3S1358
D2S441
D1S1656 D18S51
D16S539 TH01
D21S11
Penta D
CSF1PO D7S820
D19S433
D12S391
Penta E
D13S317
D2S1338
vWA
D8S1179
D10S1248
TPOX
D5S818 FGA
DYS391 D22S1045
Overlap of 20 autosomal loci between kits 24plex D3S1358
GlobalFiler
2012
Y±
AM
D2S441 D22S1045 D10S1248
vWA
D8S1179
D16S539 D21S11
D19S433
TH01
D5S818 D1S1656
Denotes CODIS core 13 loci
CSF1PO D18S51
TPOX
(6-dye)
DYS391
FGA
D13S317 D12S391
D7S820
SE33 D2S1338
Slide kindly provided by NIST
CODIS Core Loci Expansion
6
D.R. Hares (2015) Selection and Implementation of Expanded CODIS Core Loci in the Unites States. Forensic Sci. Int. Genet. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fsigen.2015.03.006 page 33 – page 34
Unclassified for Official Use Only
New CODIS Core 20 Loci 7
Locus D18S51 FGA D21S11 D8S1179 vWA D13S317 D16S539 D7S820 TH01 D3S1358 D5S818 CSF1PO TPOX D2S1338 D19S433 D1S1656 D12S391 D2S441 D10S1248 D22S1045
Implementation Deadline: January 1, 2017
Unclassified for Official Use Only
New CODIS Core 20 Loci Next Steps
8
Letter to U.S. Congress (sent December 2014) Guidance on Implementation and Future CODIS Search Strategies forthcoming – CODIS Unit will work closely with CODIS Working Group of
SWGDAM to develop guidance – NDIS searches will be based upon the original Core 13, followed by “filtering” using any additional data present in both candidate profiles for the foreseeable future –
Population Database Files NIST FBI updated the STR databases with the new loci
– Future enhancements to CODIS will assist in implementation Automatic Moderate Match Estimation (MME) Calculation for all Forensic Mixtures and Forensic Partials in SP6
Unclassified for Official Use Only
Searches Stringency
9
Low stringency matches occur when one or more alleles match between the target and candidate profiles at a given locus.
Low 22,24 - 24,25
Moderate stringency matches require all alleles to match, but the target and candidate profiles can contain a different number of alleles. That is, if the target profile has three alleles and the sample profile has two, then two alleles must match.
Moderate 9,10,12 - 10,12 14,15 - 15
High stringency matches require all alleles to match.
High 10,12 - 10,12
Unclassified for Official Use Only
NDIS Statistics
Cumulative Totals Through July 31, 2015
10
Through July 2015
Category
Total Number of Profiles
277,081 Investigations Aided
Convicted Offender
11,791,722
213,684 Offender Hits
Arrestees
2,057,608
32,732
Detainee
23,212
Legal
59,159
Forensic
510,221
Forensic Mixture
56,878
Forensic Partial
96,731
Total Offender
13,931,701
Total Forensic
663,830
Total Profiles
14,595,531
Crime scene to offender within a state
National Offender Hits Crime scene in one state to an offender in another state
44,473
Forensic Hits
Crime scene to crime scene *Numbers represent confirmed matches where CODIS helped provide new information to a case
Approximate Number of Profiles added each year: 600,000 Convicted Offenders 400,000 Arrestees 60,000 Forensic Profiles
Unclassified for Official Use Only
NDIS Statistics
Cumulative Totals Through July 31, 2015
Forensic
Forensic Mixture
Forensic Partial
11
510,221
56,878
96,731
Single source (or a fully deduced profile originating from a mixture) profile containing results for all 13 CODIS Core Loci searched at High Stringency with one mismatch Contains DNA contributed from more than one source. Must have 10 of the original 13 CODIS core loci, searched at Moderate Stringency Single source (or a fully deduced profile originating from a mixture) profile with either locus or allelic dropout at any of the 13 CODIS Core Loci. Must have 10 of the original 13 CODIS core loci, searched at Moderate Stringency
Unclassified for Official Use Only
Match Estimation Utility CODIS 7.0
12
Runs from within Popstats Based upon Moderate stringency searching Configurable stringency by locus for keyboard searching Configurable to allow for a number of mismatches Employs minimum allele frequency for alleles not present in population tables Currently a Manual Process Unclassified for Official Use Only
Match Estimation 13
CODIS 7.0 SP6 (Fall 2015) – CODIS will automatically calculate a MME (Moderate Match
Estimate) for Forensic Partials and Forensic Mixtures Population database and CODIS 13 core loci will be “hard coded” so all labs calculate same value (NIST Population Database)
– MME is the inverse of the match rarity estimate – Upper level laboratories will be able to enter a “reject specimen”
threshold Threshold Based Enrollment Specimens with an MME under the threshold will be rejected upon upload (ME Recon code)
Unclassified for Official Use Only
Contact Info
FBI Laboratory, Quantico Virginia CODIS Unit (703) 632-8315 (phone) (703) 632-8305 (fax) [email protected] Unclassified for Official Use Only
