Andrej Kobe
The issues
Andrej Kobe Policy Officer, DG ENV, Clean air and transport, European Commission
Ambient Air Quality new Directive 2008/50/EC
Andrej Kobe ENV C3, DG Environment
Asthma&Allergies, EP Brussels, December 2009
2002: 6th Environmental Action Programme ‘achieving levels of air quality that do not give rise to significant negative impacts on and risks to human health and the environment’; (Art 7.1. of 6th EAP) ... paying particular attention to sensitive populations... (Recital 1 2008/50/EC)
CAFE leading to Thematic Strategy on Air Pollution (2005)
2000 Strategy in 2020 Changes in loss of life expectancy in the EU in 2000 and in the interim objective in 2020
The situation of the air quality in EUROPE Percentage of urban population resident in areas for days per year with PM10 concentration exceeding daily limit value, EEA member countries, 1996-2006
Percentage of urban population resident in areas in exceedance of current limit values (EEA CSI-004)
By EEA ETC/ACC
Community Air Policy
Concentrations
Emissions
AQD* Framework Directive
Air Pollution
1St Daughter
*Air quality Directives
2nd Daughter
National emissions ceilings
Stationary sources
Mobile Sources
3rd Daughter IPPC
LCP’s
Incineration
VOC’s
4th Daughter Exchange Information
CAFE Directive
Non-road
Fuels Quality
Road
... 0,100
0,090
diesel engines
0,080
0,070
PM (g/km)
0,060 not spec 0,050
EU III EUIV
0,040
Euro3 D4
0,030
0,020
EU 4 DPF equiped PC
0,010
0,000 0,000
EURO 5/6
0,100
0,200
0,300
0,400
0,500
NOx (g/km)
Source: KBA Type Approval Data status November 2003
0,600
0,700
0,800
0,900
EU AQ Directive(s) - How does it work Objectives Î
Limit and target values, exposure
Î
Information and alert thresholds
Assessment (monitor, model) throughout the territory Public information, reporting Î
Information on high pollution episodes
Management Î
Maintain good air quality
Î
Develop air quality plans where necessary
Î
Implement short term action
Always good to know it works...
Laden et al. AJRCCM 2006
Measures outlined in the Strategy & state of play Y Exhaust emissions of light duty and heavy duty vehicles, P IPPC N smaller scale industrial combustion sources, N widening the IPPC scope/ammonia S NECD Y refuelling of petrol cars at service stations, P sulphur content of fuels including marine fuels Investigate the feasibility of:
! improving the eco-design and reducing the emissions of domestic boilers and water heaters, R reducing the solvent content of paints, varnishes and vehicle refinishing products, R reducing the exhaust emissions of non-road mobile machinery
New Directive 2008/50/EC Transposition by June 2010 Streamlined provisions, more clarity in implementation PM2.5 objectives & monitoring requirements Î Limit value + new approach: exposure objectives based on urban background monitoring in cities More time for compliance, under conditions Î Art. 22 : PM10, NO2, benzene Î Assessment of measures by Commission
New Directive on sensitive population Environmental objectives Public information High pollution episodes Î
Forecasting Î Health warning and guidance Air quality plan Î Specific measures and actions aimed at the protection of sensitive population groups including children
Short term action plan Î
Specific actions Î Content, feasibility results and implementation information have to be available to organisations representing sensitive groups Î Exchange of best practice (including on ...)
Challenges and perspectives Understand your sources Know your measures, plan your measures Î
Governance issues: national/regional/local Î Ambition level and funding Î Specific measures y LEZ, urban transport, short term action... Î
Progress monitoring, indicators; projections and ex-post
Integration of objectives : trade-offs! Smart implementation required Review/revision (2013) Î
Positive trends & good information base crucial (research!)
Î
Can we sharpen our policies?
Forecasting
prepare short term action, warn people
http://www.gmes-atmosphere.eu/
http://www.gse-promote.org/ ...just two examples of GMES Atmosphere operational system in preparation...
Andrej Kobe Policy Officer, DG ENV, Clean air and transport, European Commission
Ambient Air Quality new Directive 2008/50/EC
Andrej Kobe ENV C3, DG Environment
Asthma&Allergies, EP Brussels, December 2009
2002: 6th Environmental Action Programme ‘achieving levels of air quality that do not give rise to significant negative impacts on and risks to human health and the environment’; (Art 7.1. of 6th EAP) ... paying particular attention to sensitive populations... (Recital 1 2008/50/EC)
CAFE leading to Thematic Strategy on Air Pollution (2005)
2000 Strategy in 2020 Changes in loss of life expectancy in the EU in 2000 and in the interim objective in 2020
The situation of the air quality in EUROPE Percentage of urban population resident in areas for days per year with PM10 concentration exceeding daily limit value, EEA member countries, 1996-2006
Percentage of urban population resident in areas in exceedance of current limit values (EEA CSI-004)
By EEA ETC/ACC
Community Air Policy
Concentrations
Emissions
AQD* Framework Directive
Air Pollution
1St Daughter
*Air quality Directives
2nd Daughter
National emissions ceilings
Stationary sources
Mobile Sources
3rd Daughter IPPC
LCP’s
Incineration
VOC’s
4th Daughter Exchange Information
CAFE Directive
Non-road
Fuels Quality
Road
... 0,100
0,090
diesel engines
0,080
0,070
PM (g/km)
0,060 not spec 0,050
EU III EUIV
0,040
Euro3 D4
0,030
0,020
EU 4 DPF equiped PC
0,010
0,000 0,000
EURO 5/6
0,100
0,200
0,300
0,400
0,500
NOx (g/km)
Source: KBA Type Approval Data status November 2003
0,600
0,700
0,800
0,900
EU AQ Directive(s) - How does it work Objectives Î
Limit and target values, exposure
Î
Information and alert thresholds
Assessment (monitor, model) throughout the territory Public information, reporting Î
Information on high pollution episodes
Management Î
Maintain good air quality
Î
Develop air quality plans where necessary
Î
Implement short term action
Always good to know it works...
Laden et al. AJRCCM 2006
Measures outlined in the Strategy & state of play Y Exhaust emissions of light duty and heavy duty vehicles, P IPPC N smaller scale industrial combustion sources, N widening the IPPC scope/ammonia S NECD Y refuelling of petrol cars at service stations, P sulphur content of fuels including marine fuels Investigate the feasibility of:
! improving the eco-design and reducing the emissions of domestic boilers and water heaters, R reducing the solvent content of paints, varnishes and vehicle refinishing products, R reducing the exhaust emissions of non-road mobile machinery
New Directive 2008/50/EC Transposition by June 2010 Streamlined provisions, more clarity in implementation PM2.5 objectives & monitoring requirements Î Limit value + new approach: exposure objectives based on urban background monitoring in cities More time for compliance, under conditions Î Art. 22 : PM10, NO2, benzene Î Assessment of measures by Commission
New Directive on sensitive population Environmental objectives Public information High pollution episodes Î
Forecasting Î Health warning and guidance Air quality plan Î Specific measures and actions aimed at the protection of sensitive population groups including children
Short term action plan Î
Specific actions Î Content, feasibility results and implementation information have to be available to organisations representing sensitive groups Î Exchange of best practice (including on ...)
Challenges and perspectives Understand your sources Know your measures, plan your measures Î
Governance issues: national/regional/local Î Ambition level and funding Î Specific measures y LEZ, urban transport, short term action... Î
Progress monitoring, indicators; projections and ex-post
Integration of objectives : trade-offs! Smart implementation required Review/revision (2013) Î
Positive trends & good information base crucial (research!)
Î
Can we sharpen our policies?
Forecasting
prepare short term action, warn people
http://www.gmes-atmosphere.eu/
http://www.gse-promote.org/ ...just two examples of GMES Atmosphere operational system in preparation...
