Antarctic Marine Geology Research Facility, 1976-1977
Globigerina pachyderma, rare to abundant ostracod shells, and fragments of byrozoa, molluscs, and corals. The final results of our micropaleontologic analyses should allow us to reconstruct the history of the McMurdo Ice Shelf and to determine what organisms lived beneath it. The carbon-14 results will also show whether our hypothesis is correct for formation of the prominent debris band north of Black Island. A sequential series of dates will indicate that the shell material was derived from the northeast shore of Black Island, as the initial results suggest. If so, samples collected at close intervals along the band should contain microfossils representing sequential changes during the last 5300 years beneath this portion of the shelf. Finally, the carbon-14 data, taken in conjunction with the geometry, fauna, and lithology of the moraines, will allow reconstruction of the overall history of the McMurdo Ice Shelf. This reconstruction will aid our interpretation of the glacial history of the Ross Sea. We thank the helicopter pilots and crewmen of VXE-6 who assisted us in the sampling program. TBK and DEK were in the field from 8 December 1976 to 3 January 1977. This research was supported by National Science Foundation grants DPP 75-15524 and DPP 74-20991.
References
Debenham, F. 1919. A new mode of transportation by ice. Quarterly journal of the Geological Society of London, 75 (part 2): 51-76. Cow, A.J., and S. Epstein. 1972. On the use of stable isotopes to trace the origin of ice in a floating ice tongue. journal of Geophysical Research, 77: 6552-6557. Scott, R.F. 1905. The Voyage of the Discovery. Smith, Elder and Company. London. Swithinbank, C. 1970. Ice movement in the McMurdo Sound area of Antarctica. International Symposium on Antarctic Glaciological Exploration (ISA GE), Hanover, New Hampshire, 3-7 Sept. 1968. Publication no. 86 of the International Association of Scientific Hydrology & SCAR, p. 472-487.
Antarctic Marine Geology Research Facility, 1976-1977 DENNIS S. CASSIDY and SHERWOOD W. WISE, JR.
Department of Geology Florida State University Tallahassee, Florida 32306 The curatorial program at the Florida State University's (FSU) Antarctic Marine Geology Research Facility and Core Library during the period 1 July 1976 to 31 May 1977 has been concerned primarily with (1) distribution of samples, (2) receipt of marine sediment cores retrieved aboard Islas Orcadas cruises 11 and 12, (3) laboratory procedures involving the cutting and describing of these and Islas Orcadas cruise 7 cores, and (4) publication and distribution of two October 1977
volumes of core descriptions and attendant station location data for Eltanin and Islas Orcadas core materials (Cassidy et al., 1977; Cassidy et al., 1977). Other activities include maintenance of the collections and the material resources of the facility, and logistics efforts in active support of the shipboard and laboratory research by resident and visiting investigators. During this reporting period, 4,868 samples were distributed from the National Science Foundation collections curated at the facility. The sample total continues to be dominated numerically by Eltanin materials, from which 3,461 piston core, 40 trigger core, 2 Phleger core, and 2 camera-Phleger core samples were distributed. Piston core samples were taken from 256 individual cores representing 38 of the 55 Eltanin cruises, and trigger core samples were removed from 37 individual cores representing 14 cruises. Phleger and camera-Phleger core samples were taken from four cores of four cruises. Also distributed from the Eltanin collection were two grab samples from two cruises. Sample distribution from non-Eltanin core materials can be summarized as follows: 521 piston and 4 trigger core samples were distributed from 33 cores taken aboard cruises 7 and1 1 of ARA Is/as Orcadas; 45 piston core samples from 14 cores, and 30 trigger core samples from 14 cores were removed from cores retrieved aboard the 1976 cruise of USCGC Glacier in the Ross Sea; and 97 samples were removed from 18 cores obtained during the 1968, 1969, and 1970 International Weddell Sea Oceanographic Expeditions. Samples distributed from Dry Valley Drilling Project cores totaled 664, and were from 13 holes. Sample distribution was made to a total of 34 investigators, representing 20 institutions in five countries. (Sample totals do not include miniscule amounts of core material required for the preparation of smear slides.) Evaluation of these data in reference to previously reported sample distribution totals (Cassidy and Wise, 1974, 1975, 1976) requires consideration of two points: (1) the sample total presented here, approximately 22 percent less than the totals given for the last two reporting periods, reflects sampling efforts over a shorter time than those reported by past articles. This situation has been necessitated by an earlier deadline date for the submission of summary articles, (2) the shortened reporting period excludes the month of June, normally an active month for sampling. At the time of preparation of this report, sampling visits have been scheduled during this month for an estimated minimum of 4,000 samples. These, plus the reported total of 4,868, will exceed past efforts occurring during the usual July 1 - June 30 reporting period by more than 40 percent. The acquisition of new materials includes the April 1977 receipt of 85 piston cores (approximately 900 meters) and 51 trigger cores (approximately 21 meters) retrieved aboard cruises 11 and 12 of Islas Orcadas under the supervision of five members of the facility (Sclater et al., 1977; Gordon and LaBrecque, 1977). Descriptions of the sediments will be made available to the scientific community following cutting, describing, and analytical procedures in progress. Also received were approximately 300 pounds of refrigerated rock specimens collected in 1976-1977 in the dry valleys region of southern Victoria Land by Imre Friedmann (Department of Biology, FSU). The facility is storing and cataloging these specimens in conjunction with 83
Dr. Friedmann's research on endolithic blue-green algae as primary producers in the antarctic desert ecosystem (Friedmann and Ocampo, 1976). Completed by the curatorial staff of the Antarctic Research Facility were two volumes of data of interest to all investigators concerned with marine sediments of the southern ocean. One of these (Cassidy et al., 1977) is an inventory of all Eltanin cores housed at the facility, giving cruise and core number, longitude, latitude, and water depth. This volume also presents individual core location maps for the Eltanin cruises. The second volume (Cassidy et al., 1977) compiles the lithologic descriptions of the Islas Orcadas cruise 7 core and dredge sediments, and includes a detailed account of the laboratory procedures and analyses involved in the preparation of the descriptions. Copies of these documents are available from the curator of the facilityResearch personnel of the facility participated in core retrieval aboard Islas Orcadas. Paul F. Ciesielski and Sherwood W. Wise sailed as co-chief geologists on Islas Orcadas cruise 11, accompanied by John C. Hattner. David R. DeFelice was chief geologist aboard Islas Orcadas cruise 12 and was accompanied on the core crew by Duncan T. MacKenzie. The two cruises recovered over 900 meters of sediment, a near record for Eltanin and Islas Orcadas cruises. Analysis of the Islas Orcadas cores began aboard ship, where core catcher samples were age-dated by microscopy. These early results have contributed to studies that bear on the geologic and paleo-oceanic history of the Falkland (Malvinas) Plateau (Ciesielski et al., 1977a, 1977b; Ciesielski and Wise, 1976; Ciesielski and Wise, in press; Wise and Ciesielski, 1977). Studies of Eltanin cores have continued with emphasis on refining southern ocean biostratigraphic schemes. Weaver (1976) concentrated on thc radiolarian stratigraphy of the critical late Miocene-early Pliocene interval in the Pacific sector of the southern ocean. This same interval has been of particular interest for Islas Orcadas core studies in the Atlantic sector. Curatorial work is supported by National Science Foundation contract C-1059. Research is supported by National Science Foundation grant OPP 74-20109. References
Cassidy, Dennis S., and S.W. Wise, Jr. 1974. Antarctic Marine
84
Geology Research Facility, 1973-1974. Antarctic Journal of the U.S., IX(6): 319-321. Cassidy, Dennis S., and S.W. Wise, Jr. 1975. Antarctic Marine Geology Research Facility, 1974-1975. Antarctic Journal of the U.S., X(5): 315-318. Cassidy, Dennis S., and S.W. Wise, Jr. 1976. Antarctic Marine Geology Research Facility, 1975-1976. Antarctic Journal of the U.S., XI(4): 287-290. Cassidy, Dennis S., F.A. Kaharoeddin, I. Zemmels, and M.B. Knapp. 1977. USNS Eltanin: an inventory of core location data, with core location maps and cruise 55 core descriptions. Sedimentology Research Laboratory, Department of Geology, Florida State University. Contribution, 44. 90 p. Cassidy, Dennis S., P.F. Ciesielski, F.A. Kaharoeddin, S.W. Wise, Jr., and I. Zemmels. 1977. ARA Islas Orcadas cruise 0775 sediment descriptions. Sedimentology Research Laboratory, Department of Geology, Florida State University. Contribution, 45. 77 p. Ciesielski, Paul F., and S.W. Wise, Jr. 1976. South Atlantic sector of the southern ocean: Mesozoic/ Cenozoic pa leoenvironments of deposition recorded in sediments of the Falkland Plateau and adjacent basins. 25th International Geological Congress (Sydney, Australia), Abstracts, 3: 882-883. Ciesielski, Paul F., and S.W. Wise, Jr. In press. Geologic history of the Maurice Ewing Bank of the Falkland Plateau (Southwest Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean) based on piston and drill cores. Marine Geology (Special Issue; D.E. Hayes, Editor). Ciesielski, Paul F., W.V. Sliter, F.H. Wind, and S.W. Wise, Jr. 1977a. Paleoenvironmental analysis and correlation of a Cretaceous Islas Orcadas core from the Falkland Plateau, Southwest Atlantic. Marine Micropa le ontology, 2(1): 27-37. Ciesielski, Paul F., W.V. Sliter, F.H. Wind, and S.W. Wise, Jr. 1977b. A Cretaceous Islas Orcadas core from the Falkland (Malvinas) Plateau, southwest Atlantic. Antarctic Journal of the U.S., XII(4): 65-67. Friedmann, E. Imre, and R. Ocampo. 1976. Endolithic blue-green algae in the dry valleys: primary producers in the antarctic desert ecosystem. Science, 193: 1247-1249. Gordon, Arnold L., and John LaBrecque. 1977. Islas Orcadas cruise 12: a component of the circumantarctic survey. Antarctic Journal of the U.S., XII(4): 60-62. Sclater, John G., D. Woodroffe, H. Dick, D. Georgi, S.W. Wise, Jr., and P. Ciesielski. 1977. Islas Orcadas cruise 11, Buenos Aires to Cape Town. AntarcticJournal of the U.S., XII(4): 62-65. Weaver, Fred. M. 1976. Late Miocene and Pliocene radiolarian paleobiogeography and biostratigraphy of the Southern Ocean. Tallahassee, Department of Geology, Florida State University, Ph.D. dissertation (unpublished). 175 p. Wise, Sherwood W., Jr., and P.F. Ciesielski. 1977. Late MesozoicCenozoic history of the Falkland (Malvinas) Plateau based on piston and drill cores. Antarctic Journal of the U.S., XII(4): 67-70.
ANTARCTIC JOURNAL
References
Debenham, F. 1919. A new mode of transportation by ice. Quarterly journal of the Geological Society of London, 75 (part 2): 51-76. Cow, A.J., and S. Epstein. 1972. On the use of stable isotopes to trace the origin of ice in a floating ice tongue. journal of Geophysical Research, 77: 6552-6557. Scott, R.F. 1905. The Voyage of the Discovery. Smith, Elder and Company. London. Swithinbank, C. 1970. Ice movement in the McMurdo Sound area of Antarctica. International Symposium on Antarctic Glaciological Exploration (ISA GE), Hanover, New Hampshire, 3-7 Sept. 1968. Publication no. 86 of the International Association of Scientific Hydrology & SCAR, p. 472-487.
Antarctic Marine Geology Research Facility, 1976-1977 DENNIS S. CASSIDY and SHERWOOD W. WISE, JR.
Department of Geology Florida State University Tallahassee, Florida 32306 The curatorial program at the Florida State University's (FSU) Antarctic Marine Geology Research Facility and Core Library during the period 1 July 1976 to 31 May 1977 has been concerned primarily with (1) distribution of samples, (2) receipt of marine sediment cores retrieved aboard Islas Orcadas cruises 11 and 12, (3) laboratory procedures involving the cutting and describing of these and Islas Orcadas cruise 7 cores, and (4) publication and distribution of two October 1977
volumes of core descriptions and attendant station location data for Eltanin and Islas Orcadas core materials (Cassidy et al., 1977; Cassidy et al., 1977). Other activities include maintenance of the collections and the material resources of the facility, and logistics efforts in active support of the shipboard and laboratory research by resident and visiting investigators. During this reporting period, 4,868 samples were distributed from the National Science Foundation collections curated at the facility. The sample total continues to be dominated numerically by Eltanin materials, from which 3,461 piston core, 40 trigger core, 2 Phleger core, and 2 camera-Phleger core samples were distributed. Piston core samples were taken from 256 individual cores representing 38 of the 55 Eltanin cruises, and trigger core samples were removed from 37 individual cores representing 14 cruises. Phleger and camera-Phleger core samples were taken from four cores of four cruises. Also distributed from the Eltanin collection were two grab samples from two cruises. Sample distribution from non-Eltanin core materials can be summarized as follows: 521 piston and 4 trigger core samples were distributed from 33 cores taken aboard cruises 7 and1 1 of ARA Is/as Orcadas; 45 piston core samples from 14 cores, and 30 trigger core samples from 14 cores were removed from cores retrieved aboard the 1976 cruise of USCGC Glacier in the Ross Sea; and 97 samples were removed from 18 cores obtained during the 1968, 1969, and 1970 International Weddell Sea Oceanographic Expeditions. Samples distributed from Dry Valley Drilling Project cores totaled 664, and were from 13 holes. Sample distribution was made to a total of 34 investigators, representing 20 institutions in five countries. (Sample totals do not include miniscule amounts of core material required for the preparation of smear slides.) Evaluation of these data in reference to previously reported sample distribution totals (Cassidy and Wise, 1974, 1975, 1976) requires consideration of two points: (1) the sample total presented here, approximately 22 percent less than the totals given for the last two reporting periods, reflects sampling efforts over a shorter time than those reported by past articles. This situation has been necessitated by an earlier deadline date for the submission of summary articles, (2) the shortened reporting period excludes the month of June, normally an active month for sampling. At the time of preparation of this report, sampling visits have been scheduled during this month for an estimated minimum of 4,000 samples. These, plus the reported total of 4,868, will exceed past efforts occurring during the usual July 1 - June 30 reporting period by more than 40 percent. The acquisition of new materials includes the April 1977 receipt of 85 piston cores (approximately 900 meters) and 51 trigger cores (approximately 21 meters) retrieved aboard cruises 11 and 12 of Islas Orcadas under the supervision of five members of the facility (Sclater et al., 1977; Gordon and LaBrecque, 1977). Descriptions of the sediments will be made available to the scientific community following cutting, describing, and analytical procedures in progress. Also received were approximately 300 pounds of refrigerated rock specimens collected in 1976-1977 in the dry valleys region of southern Victoria Land by Imre Friedmann (Department of Biology, FSU). The facility is storing and cataloging these specimens in conjunction with 83
Dr. Friedmann's research on endolithic blue-green algae as primary producers in the antarctic desert ecosystem (Friedmann and Ocampo, 1976). Completed by the curatorial staff of the Antarctic Research Facility were two volumes of data of interest to all investigators concerned with marine sediments of the southern ocean. One of these (Cassidy et al., 1977) is an inventory of all Eltanin cores housed at the facility, giving cruise and core number, longitude, latitude, and water depth. This volume also presents individual core location maps for the Eltanin cruises. The second volume (Cassidy et al., 1977) compiles the lithologic descriptions of the Islas Orcadas cruise 7 core and dredge sediments, and includes a detailed account of the laboratory procedures and analyses involved in the preparation of the descriptions. Copies of these documents are available from the curator of the facilityResearch personnel of the facility participated in core retrieval aboard Islas Orcadas. Paul F. Ciesielski and Sherwood W. Wise sailed as co-chief geologists on Islas Orcadas cruise 11, accompanied by John C. Hattner. David R. DeFelice was chief geologist aboard Islas Orcadas cruise 12 and was accompanied on the core crew by Duncan T. MacKenzie. The two cruises recovered over 900 meters of sediment, a near record for Eltanin and Islas Orcadas cruises. Analysis of the Islas Orcadas cores began aboard ship, where core catcher samples were age-dated by microscopy. These early results have contributed to studies that bear on the geologic and paleo-oceanic history of the Falkland (Malvinas) Plateau (Ciesielski et al., 1977a, 1977b; Ciesielski and Wise, 1976; Ciesielski and Wise, in press; Wise and Ciesielski, 1977). Studies of Eltanin cores have continued with emphasis on refining southern ocean biostratigraphic schemes. Weaver (1976) concentrated on thc radiolarian stratigraphy of the critical late Miocene-early Pliocene interval in the Pacific sector of the southern ocean. This same interval has been of particular interest for Islas Orcadas core studies in the Atlantic sector. Curatorial work is supported by National Science Foundation contract C-1059. Research is supported by National Science Foundation grant OPP 74-20109. References
Cassidy, Dennis S., and S.W. Wise, Jr. 1974. Antarctic Marine
84
Geology Research Facility, 1973-1974. Antarctic Journal of the U.S., IX(6): 319-321. Cassidy, Dennis S., and S.W. Wise, Jr. 1975. Antarctic Marine Geology Research Facility, 1974-1975. Antarctic Journal of the U.S., X(5): 315-318. Cassidy, Dennis S., and S.W. Wise, Jr. 1976. Antarctic Marine Geology Research Facility, 1975-1976. Antarctic Journal of the U.S., XI(4): 287-290. Cassidy, Dennis S., F.A. Kaharoeddin, I. Zemmels, and M.B. Knapp. 1977. USNS Eltanin: an inventory of core location data, with core location maps and cruise 55 core descriptions. Sedimentology Research Laboratory, Department of Geology, Florida State University. Contribution, 44. 90 p. Cassidy, Dennis S., P.F. Ciesielski, F.A. Kaharoeddin, S.W. Wise, Jr., and I. Zemmels. 1977. ARA Islas Orcadas cruise 0775 sediment descriptions. Sedimentology Research Laboratory, Department of Geology, Florida State University. Contribution, 45. 77 p. Ciesielski, Paul F., and S.W. Wise, Jr. 1976. South Atlantic sector of the southern ocean: Mesozoic/ Cenozoic pa leoenvironments of deposition recorded in sediments of the Falkland Plateau and adjacent basins. 25th International Geological Congress (Sydney, Australia), Abstracts, 3: 882-883. Ciesielski, Paul F., and S.W. Wise, Jr. In press. Geologic history of the Maurice Ewing Bank of the Falkland Plateau (Southwest Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean) based on piston and drill cores. Marine Geology (Special Issue; D.E. Hayes, Editor). Ciesielski, Paul F., W.V. Sliter, F.H. Wind, and S.W. Wise, Jr. 1977a. Paleoenvironmental analysis and correlation of a Cretaceous Islas Orcadas core from the Falkland Plateau, Southwest Atlantic. Marine Micropa le ontology, 2(1): 27-37. Ciesielski, Paul F., W.V. Sliter, F.H. Wind, and S.W. Wise, Jr. 1977b. A Cretaceous Islas Orcadas core from the Falkland (Malvinas) Plateau, southwest Atlantic. Antarctic Journal of the U.S., XII(4): 65-67. Friedmann, E. Imre, and R. Ocampo. 1976. Endolithic blue-green algae in the dry valleys: primary producers in the antarctic desert ecosystem. Science, 193: 1247-1249. Gordon, Arnold L., and John LaBrecque. 1977. Islas Orcadas cruise 12: a component of the circumantarctic survey. Antarctic Journal of the U.S., XII(4): 60-62. Sclater, John G., D. Woodroffe, H. Dick, D. Georgi, S.W. Wise, Jr., and P. Ciesielski. 1977. Islas Orcadas cruise 11, Buenos Aires to Cape Town. AntarcticJournal of the U.S., XII(4): 62-65. Weaver, Fred. M. 1976. Late Miocene and Pliocene radiolarian paleobiogeography and biostratigraphy of the Southern Ocean. Tallahassee, Department of Geology, Florida State University, Ph.D. dissertation (unpublished). 175 p. Wise, Sherwood W., Jr., and P.F. Ciesielski. 1977. Late MesozoicCenozoic history of the Falkland (Malvinas) Plateau based on piston and drill cores. Antarctic Journal of the U.S., XII(4): 67-70.
ANTARCTIC JOURNAL
