Architecture, A more sustAinAble future for 2015

AMA NEWSLETTER

170 18 September 2014

Architecture, a more sustainable future for 2015 Top stories page 7 Interview Michael Hansmeyer page 9 Museums page 12 Report Global Chinese Art Auction Market page 15 Galleries page 18 Interview Assemble Architects page 22 Artists page 25 Interview Gaspar Libedinsky page 26 Data Luc Tuymans page 33 Auctions page 38 Fairs & festivals page 40

From Frank Gehry's mesmerising Fondation Louis Vuitton in the Bois de Boulogne to the checkered wood of Aspen Art Museum, 2014's architectural highlights have been both numerous and artistically compelling. AMA's article of the week looks at the future of sustainable architecture, movements that support the process, and innovators for 2015. Cultural openings around the globe This year has seen a slew of big industry players — Renzo Piano, Jean Nouvel, Zaha Hadid — and firms — Diller Scofidio + Renfro, OMA Office for Metropolitan Architecture, BIG (Bjarke Ingels Group) — dominating the scene. Festivals, fairs and biennales are thriving in number, attendance and duration; this year's edition of the Venice Biennale of Architecture, curated by Rem Koolhaas, takes place over four months and sees 65 countries taking part. With festival participation at this size, it goes without saying that architectural projects are still influenced by the course of cultural events. Rio de Janiero was the global destination of 2014 — with the FIFA World Cup — and will be again in 2016 for the Summer Olympics, for which a plethora of cultural landmarks have been designed. For instance, Diller Scofidio + Renfro's Museum of Image and Design, nestled into the hillside above Cocopabana Beach, marks the way in which architects are having to utilise space to their advantage. Amongst the firm's other ongoing projects are The Broad Museum in Los Angeles; the expansion of MoMA in New York; and the Culture Shed, a six-story development which will sit adjacent to the High Line and host a wide range of cultural activities. Across the pond, British design firm Assemble was chosen to design the new Goldsmiths art gallery in London; Rem Koolhaas' OMA is currently creating Fondation Galeries Lafayette in Paris; and Renzo Piano's armadillo-shelled structure, for Fondation Jérôme Seydoux-Pathé, has just been unveiled in Paris' 13th arrondissement. Another big coup was David Chipperfield Architects beating two Swedish architects in a competition to design Stockholm's new Nobel Prize Centre.

Report Unseen Photo Fair 2014 page 42 Interview Margaux Fritz page 44

Interior design for Mexico City airport image : Foster + Partners

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AMA Newsletter 170 2

18 September 2014

Architecture, a more sustainable future for 2015 In the Middle East, Abu Dhabi continues to be the seat of cultural and touristic prosperity with the development of Saadiyat Island. The Louvre's outpost is set completion next year and the Guggenheim — designed by Frank Gehry — to open at the later date of 2017. Further across the globe, in China, the Shanghai Tower — currently the world's second tallest building, at 632 metres — is expected to be open to the public in 2015. With this unrelenting architectural progress, especially when there is often only space to go upwards, concerns on the impact of over-developed cities and the amount of materials being used for these projects are putting pressure on architects to offer long-lasting, environmentally considerate alternatives, while incorporating the same level of industrial prowess. Sustainable Solutions In order to promote awareness around sustainable forms of architecture, the presence of conferences, fairs and competitions is augmenting around the world as a constant reminder that we have a global responsibility to create buildings which are environmentally sustainable. Rio+20 to 2015: a New Architecture for a Sustainable New World — hosted in 2013, in collaboration with National Defence Resources Council (NRDC) and Yale University — is part of the Rio+20 plan to encourage a discussion of mobility in this genre. Quoted from amongst their visions, the Conference aimed to “further the development of a new architecture that can stimulate the transformative changes we need to realize a sustainable future.” While the development of cities was once considered the central obstacle in the fight against pollution, now, as the urban population shows no signs of decreasing (by 2050, 7 out of 10 people will be living in cities), strategies are now taking shape to make these metropolis' part of the solution. At the forefront of this plan is Communitas Coalition — in partnership with the UN Development Agenda —, an organisation which seeks to “advance sustainable urbanization”; to adapt cities to include sustainable development goals (SGDs). Their seven-step trajectory includes targets to improve the “living and working conditions of both rural and urban dwellers by promoting the social, environmental and economic synergies between urban and rural areas” and aims to “reduce the environmental impacts of cities and improve urban environmental conditions”. Evidently, these types of organisations are offering an international strategy to change urbanisation for the better.

Aerial view of Mexico City airport Image : Foster + Partners

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AMA Newsletter 170 3

18 September 2014

Architecture, a more sustainable future for 2015 Fairs of the Future Fairs promoting sustainable architecture are now as plentiful and thriving as traditional biennials. Ecobuild — the world's largest sustainability trade fair — hosts an annual event dedicated to every part of green building, where architects and surveyors gather to see what's new in the industry. Next year's edition — from 3 to 5 March 2015 — looks set to draw in double the amount of attendees than it did in 2014, as relayed by Ecobuild's Group Director of Sustainability & Construction, Alison Jackson, who commented: “Over the past ten years Ecobuild has cemented its position as the sustainable design and construction marketplace for new build, refurb, commercial and domestic buildings.” Next year also brings the World's Fair: Expo Milan 2015; to be held from 1 May to 31 October 2015. The theme, “Feeding the Planet, Energy for Life”, has seen some of the specially-designed pavilions for the event incorporate this energy-efficient ethos. A prime example is Italy's pavilion, designed by Studio Nemesi & Partners Srl, which features a lattice skin built from “i.active BIODYNAMIC”, capable of capturing pollutants and turning them into salts. Likewise is the winning model for the Austrian pavilion, which promotes a healthier bond between the urban and natural environment. Entitled “breathe”, the enclosed space will be planted with an abundance of native Austrian vegetation and will produce, hourly, enough oxygen to sustain 18,000 people. By incorporating ecological messages into technologically-advanced design, these projects — seen by millions on a global level — go a long way to encouraging a conversation about sustainable architecture, far beyond the industrial sphere.

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Museum of Image and Sound Rio de Janeiro Image : Diller Scofidio + Renfro

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AMA Newsletter 170 4

18 September 2014

Architecture, a more sustainable future for 2015 Putting objectives into practice By taking this research into the practical field, many architectural firms are showcasing increasingly sustainable plans to further their global enterprise. On 3 September 2014 it was announced that Foster + Partners — in collaboration with FR-EE (Fernando Romero Enterprise) and NACO (Netherlands Airport Consultants) —, had won the bid to design Mexico City's new international airport. At 470,000 m2, this project aims to be the world's largest and most sustainable airport. Instead of the typical multi-building structure, the design is comprised of one lightweight gridshell — thereby expending less materials and energy; while also harnessing the power of the sun and collecting rainwater. In addition, the LEED Platinum design harmonises with the natural surroundings to create a self-regulating temperature for a large proportion of the year. Speaking in a press release, Lord Norman Foster said of the project: “Stansted Airport’s reinvention of the conventional terminal in the 1990s was emulated worldwide – this breaks with that model for the first time. It pioneers a new concept for a large-span, single airport enclosure, which will achieve new levels of efficiency and flexibility – and it will be beautiful. The experience for passengers will be unique. Its design provides the most flexible enclosure possible to accommodate internal change and an increase in capacity. Mexico has really seized the initiative in investing in its national airport, understanding its social and economic importance and planning for the future. There will be nothing else like it in the world.” However, far from just a passing trend, sustainability has been practiced and commended for many years. The American Institute of Architects' Top Ten Green Projects scheme, now in its 17th year, bestows the title on buildings with an exceptional use of sustainable architecture. Amongst this year's chosen ten is the Sustainability Treehouse — an interactive and educational facility designed by Seattle-based firm Mithun. Commissioned by Boy Scouts of America, the building sits in the forest of Summit Bechtel Reserve, in West Virginia, America, and harmonises environmental education with fantastical adventure. With an 85% reduction on the National Median Energy Use Intensity (EUI) the structure uses photovoltaic panels, wind turbines, a large cistern and water cleansing systems, the canopy's natural light permeating the Treehouse on all levels. Ones to Watch Who are the next pioneers of sustainable architecture? Frank Murk, Associate Dean of the New York Institute of Technology, in conversation with AMA, suggests his key innovators for 2015.

Museum of Image and Sound Rio de Janeiro Image : Diller Scofidio + Renfro

An alumnus of Rem Koolhaas and founder of his own firm, FR-EE, Fernando Romero is a Mexican architect, internationally acclaimed for his work on the Soumaya Museum. A towering 46-metres-high and covered with 16,000 hexagonal aluminum squares, the amorphorous design dramatically challenged the a-typical museum space. This year sees him collaborate on the aforementioned sustainable airport in Mexico City with Foster + Partners. FR-EE has also implemented various initiatives to promote Mexican architecture, including a scholarship award - FR-EE Time. Dedicated to emerging Mexican architects under 35, the programme gives them the opportunity to travel and research an in-depth topic.

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Mithun Sustainability Treehouse Exhibit Image: Joe Fletcher



AMA Newsletter 170 6

18 September 2014

Architecture, a more sustainable future for 2015 Another is Brooks + Scarpa; well-regarded as trailblazers in the sustainable design field, their Colorado Court project in Santa Monica was the first Multifamily project in America to be LEED certified. The Solar Umbrella House in California, — a now iconic design for the couple's family residence — was a “contemporary reinvention of the solar canopy”, which used photovoltaic panels to provide 100% of the home’s energy. The comprehensive design and careful environmental consideration behind the project, earned them their second AIA Top Green Project award in 2006; just one of the design's many accreditations. This year they were awarded the Smithsonian Cooper Hewitt National Design Museum Award, and continue their efforts towards sustainability with The SIX — an affordable housing scheme for veterans in Los Angeles' MacArthur Park. Aiming to be 50% more energy efficient than the conventionally designed structure, The SIX is projected to be finished next year. Michael Loverich is a UCLA Masters graduate, who co-founded an experimental ’design farm‘, Bittertang, with fellow architect Antonio Torres. Seeking to bring a sense of humour into the urban environment, their work explores “biological matter, animal posturing, and babies all unified together”. Their inventive and thought-provoking projects include a Captive Bird's Microcosm — a cage built from two interlocking ‘U’ shapes whose interior provides the habitat for the captive bird and exterior attracts wild birds —; Bucky Puff — an adaptable inflatable structure —; and a house of wax for a designer's pop-up shop in New York. Before setting up Bittertang, Loverich worked for firms Reiser + Umemoto and Snohetta. Demonstrated by just these few, the industry is vibrating with dynamic and modern architects, ready to lead the way in the sustainable revolution. With the rise in commissions, and the rapidity with which projects can now be completed, thanks to hefty cash influxes and advanced technology; the global demand for architecture — be it for cultural, residential or industrial purposes — shows no sign of slowing. To this end, factoring in the strain on resources and limitations of space, it is crucial that architects continue to use lasting forms of sustainable architecture, but implement them throughout the industry — as demonstrated by some of the examples here. Thankfully, at an impressive rate, the sustainable movement looks to be becoming less of an alternative, and more of an expectation. 

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