Assessing 21st Century Learning Skills
Assessing 21st Century Learning Skills
Jennifer L. Sparrow
Assessing 21st Century Learning Skills Jennifer L. Sparrow deputy superintendent [email protected]
—Fullan, “Choosing the Wrong Drivers for Whole System Reform,” michaelfullan.ca
Adopt Your Vision
Create a Community Consensus
Align Your System
Build Professional Capacity
Focus Your Curriculum & Assessment
Support Your Teachers
Improve & Innovate
“Make no mistake about it, the higher-order skills—critical thinking and reasoning, problem solving, communication (including listening), collaboration, digitally-based learning, citizenship—will become the new average for the rest of this century.”
(Kay & Greenhill, The Leader’s Guide to 21st Century Education: 7 Steps for Schools and Districts, 2012)
“If your school does not have a coherent vision for its role in 21st century education, you are likely to lead your team in a myriad of disconnected directions—jumping from tactic to tactic—making it very difficult to achieve the most important outcome: 21st century readiness for every student.” —Kay & Greenhill, The Leader’s Guide to 21st Century Education: 7 Steps for Schools and Districts
© Sparrow 2017. SolutionTree.com Do not duplicate.
1
Research on 21st Century Skills
2
Community Perspectives
Vision and Student Outcomes
© Sparrow 2017. SolutionTree.com Do not duplicate.
•
What is the vision of your school? To what degree is it aligned with 21st century needs?
•
What Student Learning Outcomes (SLOs) have you identified? To what degree are they aligned with 21st century skills?
•
To what degree are your SLOs ‘unpacked’ or operationalized?
•
What is the role of your vision and SLOs in your context?
•
What might you celebrate in this area? What might you do differently?
“4Cs curricula are simply curricula that cover core academic subjects with an intentional focus on skills such as critical thinking, communication, collaboration, and creativity.”
20th Century Versus 21st Century Curricula 20th Century Curricula
Content Model
21st Century Curricula
Content mastery with emphasis on discrete facts
Deep understanding of knowledge and skills with focus on essential questions
—Kay & Greenhill, The Leader’s Guide to 21st Century Education: 7 Steps for Schools and Districts (Kay & Greenhill, The Leader’s Guide to 21st Century Education: 7 Steps for Schools and Districts, 2012)
20th Century Versus 21st Century Curricula 20th Century Curricula
Standards Aligned to standards Model that focus on breadth of academic coverage
20th Century Versus 21st Century Curricula 20th Century Curricula
21st Century Curricula
Aligned to standards that emphasize essential understandings (with a focus on depth of knowledge and skills)
Revision Model
Revisions based on textbook adoption cycle; student performance data rarely used
(Kay & Greenhill, The Leader’s Guide to 21st Century Education: 7 Steps for Schools and Districts, 2012)
© Sparrow 2017. SolutionTree.com Do not duplicate.
21st Century Curricula
Continual revisions led by collaborative teacher teams using current student performance data
(Kay & Greenhill, The Leader’s Guide to 21st Century Education: 7 Steps for Schools and Districts, 2012)
3
20th Century Versus 21st Century Curricula 20th Century Curricula
Student Work Model
Curriculum Alignment
21st Century Curricula
Student work demonstrates factual mastery
Written
Student work emphasizes complex performances that demonstrate deep content understanding along with SLO competencies
Learned
TAUGHT
(Kay & Greenhill, The Leader’s Guide to 21st Century Education: 7 Steps for Schools and Districts, 2012)
Effective Integration
Curriculum Alignment
Written
Is the SLO present in written curricula?
Is the SLO present in the learned (assessed) curricula?
4
Is the SLO present in the taught curricula?
• Course frameworks • Curriculum units • Big ideas, essential questions • Objectives • Assessment instruments
© Sparrow 2017. SolutionTree.com Do not duplicate.
Taught
Learned
• Lesson plans • Student performances/ • Projects/activities/tasks products • Performance rubrics • School performance data • High stakes accountability data
(Kay & Greenhill, The Leader’s Guide to 21st Century Education: 7 Steps for Schools and Districts, 2012)
Curricula Action Steps
Example Integration
• Use SLO curricula design as professional development.
Communication
NGSSP8 – communicating information
• Create common SLO performance tasks. • Focus on project-based learning.
C3D4 – communicating and critiquing conclusions
• Collect and share student work samples. • Create SLO-focused curriculum maps, guides, and units. • Use SLO data and analysis to refine curricula. (Kay & Greenhill, The Leader’s Guide to 21st Century Education: 7 Steps for Schools and Districts, 2012)
Critical Thinking
Creativity
CCSSMP1 – making sense of problems and persevere in solving them
CCSSMP4 – modeling with mathematics
NGSSP2 – developing and CCSSMP2 – reasoning using models abstractly and quantitatively NGSSP3 – planning and carrying out investigations NGSSP7 – engaging in argument from evidence
Assessment Action Steps • To what degree are your SLOs embedded in your written curriculum?
• Create SLO rubrics for educators. • Create SLO rubrics for students.
• Taught curriculum?
• Highlight SLOs in grading and reporting.
• Assessed curriculum?
• Implement portfolio-based assessments. • Focus on project-based learning assessment strategies. • Implement capstone projects. • Utilize Data-in-a-Day protocols.
• To what degree do these three align? • What might you celebrate in this area? What might you do differently?
(Kay & Greenhill, The Leader’s Guide to 21st Century Education: 7 Steps for Schools and Districts, 2012)
© Sparrow 2017. SolutionTree.com Do not duplicate.
5
Teaching “The centerpiece of action is based on learning and instruction.” —Fullan, “Choosing the Wrong Drivers for Whole System Reform,” michaelfullan.ca
Assessing
6
Implicit
Explicit
Things that a substitute or new
Planned and intentional classroom teaching. (Lesson plans and/or unit plans)
teacher might NOT know to do. o
Class routines
o
Conversation points
○
Daily objective
o
Taught through exposure
○
Mini-lesson
○
Handout/Rubric item etc.
Rubrics
Implicit
Explicit
Feedback that you don’t keep
Assessments where you
track of.
somehow “track” the data.
○
“Gut feelings”
○
Assessment tool (test/quiz)
○
Oral feedback
○
Rubric/checklist item
○
Comments on homework/assignments
○
Conferring notes
© Sparrow 2017. SolutionTree.com Do not duplicate.
Unwrap Standards • Completed for any essential outcomes (power standards) • Ensures there is common understanding of what students are expected to know and do o o
Impacts instruction Impacts assessment
• Allows PLCs to determine the level of rigor they are expecting
Standard
Uses organizational techniques such as categorization, prioritization, and classification to evaluate ideas
Content
Organizational techniques such as categorization, prioritization, classification
Cognitive Behavior
Uses to evaluate ideas
Standard
Apply effective interpersonal skills during conversations to build positive relationships with collaborators
Content
Effective interpersonal skills
Cognitive Behavior
Applies to build positive relationships with collaborators
K Clearly defines the problem, investigation, or challenge. AN Integrates information from multiple sources on the inquiry topic to build background knowledge.
© Sparrow 2017. SolutionTree.com Do not duplicate.
7
Target-Method Match Select Response Knowledge (lower levels of taxonomy) Reasoning (upper levels of taxonomy)
Helpful Resources
Extended Written Response
Performance Assessment
Personal Communication
• SBAC Math Assessment • SBAC ELA Assessment • Creativity, Critical Thinking, Collaboration, Communication DSLO rubrics
X
✓
X
• NGSS Science Assessment Blueprint
✓
Skills Product
• C3 Performance-Based Assessment Clearinghouse • Core Arts Model Cornerstone Assessments
X (Stiggins, Student-Centered Classroom Assessment, 1994)
Focus on the unit you are teaching or are about to teach. • • •
•
8
What SLO can be easily integrated into the unit? Unwrap the SLO into content and cognitive behavior. What will be the best format for assessing? How will you judge if performance meets expectation? How will you provide assessment as and for to provide feedback?
Additional Resources • The Partnership for 21st Century Skills (www.p21.org) A US national organization that advocates for 21st Century readiness for every student • EdLeader 21 (www.edleader21.com) A US national network of school and district leaders focused on integrating the 4Cs (critical thinking, communication, collaboration, and creativity) into education • The Leader’s Guide to 21st Century Education: 7 Steps for Schools and Districts by Ken Kay and Valerie Greenhill • Center for K–12 Assessment & Performance Management, an initiative by ETS (http://www.k12center.org/publications/all.html) This group has produced a number of materials in order to disseminate the best thinking and research on a range of measurement issues including assessment 21st century skills.
© Sparrow 2017. SolutionTree.com Do not duplicate.
Additional Resources
Thank You
• Assessment & Teaching of 21st Century Skills (http://atc21s.org)
The ATC21S project, founded by Microsoft, Cisco, and Intel, is an innovative research project that aims to develop new forms of assessment and teaching approaches.
• Deeper Learning Student Assessment Initiative (DLSAI).
Envision Schools (www.envisionschools.org) offers their portfolio system to interested schools. This system takes the most effective aspects of the portfolio system and makes it much more accessible to interested educators. The DLSAI will be supported by a new web-based technology platform called Show Evidence (www.showevidence.com)
Jennifer L. Sparrow
• Route 21 (www.route21.p21.org)
A wide range of rubrics for higher-order thinking skills can be found by searching ‘rubrics’ on this site managed by P21.
• College and Work Readiness Assessment (www.cae.org/content/pro_collegework/htm)
This assessment measures critical thinking and communication skills at grades 9 and 12.
© Sparrow 2017. SolutionTree.com Do not duplicate.
9
Jennifer L. Sparrow
Assessing 21st Century Learning Skills Jennifer L. Sparrow deputy superintendent [email protected]
—Fullan, “Choosing the Wrong Drivers for Whole System Reform,” michaelfullan.ca
Adopt Your Vision
Create a Community Consensus
Align Your System
Build Professional Capacity
Focus Your Curriculum & Assessment
Support Your Teachers
Improve & Innovate
“Make no mistake about it, the higher-order skills—critical thinking and reasoning, problem solving, communication (including listening), collaboration, digitally-based learning, citizenship—will become the new average for the rest of this century.”
(Kay & Greenhill, The Leader’s Guide to 21st Century Education: 7 Steps for Schools and Districts, 2012)
“If your school does not have a coherent vision for its role in 21st century education, you are likely to lead your team in a myriad of disconnected directions—jumping from tactic to tactic—making it very difficult to achieve the most important outcome: 21st century readiness for every student.” —Kay & Greenhill, The Leader’s Guide to 21st Century Education: 7 Steps for Schools and Districts
© Sparrow 2017. SolutionTree.com Do not duplicate.
1
Research on 21st Century Skills
2
Community Perspectives
Vision and Student Outcomes
© Sparrow 2017. SolutionTree.com Do not duplicate.
•
What is the vision of your school? To what degree is it aligned with 21st century needs?
•
What Student Learning Outcomes (SLOs) have you identified? To what degree are they aligned with 21st century skills?
•
To what degree are your SLOs ‘unpacked’ or operationalized?
•
What is the role of your vision and SLOs in your context?
•
What might you celebrate in this area? What might you do differently?
“4Cs curricula are simply curricula that cover core academic subjects with an intentional focus on skills such as critical thinking, communication, collaboration, and creativity.”
20th Century Versus 21st Century Curricula 20th Century Curricula
Content Model
21st Century Curricula
Content mastery with emphasis on discrete facts
Deep understanding of knowledge and skills with focus on essential questions
—Kay & Greenhill, The Leader’s Guide to 21st Century Education: 7 Steps for Schools and Districts (Kay & Greenhill, The Leader’s Guide to 21st Century Education: 7 Steps for Schools and Districts, 2012)
20th Century Versus 21st Century Curricula 20th Century Curricula
Standards Aligned to standards Model that focus on breadth of academic coverage
20th Century Versus 21st Century Curricula 20th Century Curricula
21st Century Curricula
Aligned to standards that emphasize essential understandings (with a focus on depth of knowledge and skills)
Revision Model
Revisions based on textbook adoption cycle; student performance data rarely used
(Kay & Greenhill, The Leader’s Guide to 21st Century Education: 7 Steps for Schools and Districts, 2012)
© Sparrow 2017. SolutionTree.com Do not duplicate.
21st Century Curricula
Continual revisions led by collaborative teacher teams using current student performance data
(Kay & Greenhill, The Leader’s Guide to 21st Century Education: 7 Steps for Schools and Districts, 2012)
3
20th Century Versus 21st Century Curricula 20th Century Curricula
Student Work Model
Curriculum Alignment
21st Century Curricula
Student work demonstrates factual mastery
Written
Student work emphasizes complex performances that demonstrate deep content understanding along with SLO competencies
Learned
TAUGHT
(Kay & Greenhill, The Leader’s Guide to 21st Century Education: 7 Steps for Schools and Districts, 2012)
Effective Integration
Curriculum Alignment
Written
Is the SLO present in written curricula?
Is the SLO present in the learned (assessed) curricula?
4
Is the SLO present in the taught curricula?
• Course frameworks • Curriculum units • Big ideas, essential questions • Objectives • Assessment instruments
© Sparrow 2017. SolutionTree.com Do not duplicate.
Taught
Learned
• Lesson plans • Student performances/ • Projects/activities/tasks products • Performance rubrics • School performance data • High stakes accountability data
(Kay & Greenhill, The Leader’s Guide to 21st Century Education: 7 Steps for Schools and Districts, 2012)
Curricula Action Steps
Example Integration
• Use SLO curricula design as professional development.
Communication
NGSSP8 – communicating information
• Create common SLO performance tasks. • Focus on project-based learning.
C3D4 – communicating and critiquing conclusions
• Collect and share student work samples. • Create SLO-focused curriculum maps, guides, and units. • Use SLO data and analysis to refine curricula. (Kay & Greenhill, The Leader’s Guide to 21st Century Education: 7 Steps for Schools and Districts, 2012)
Critical Thinking
Creativity
CCSSMP1 – making sense of problems and persevere in solving them
CCSSMP4 – modeling with mathematics
NGSSP2 – developing and CCSSMP2 – reasoning using models abstractly and quantitatively NGSSP3 – planning and carrying out investigations NGSSP7 – engaging in argument from evidence
Assessment Action Steps • To what degree are your SLOs embedded in your written curriculum?
• Create SLO rubrics for educators. • Create SLO rubrics for students.
• Taught curriculum?
• Highlight SLOs in grading and reporting.
• Assessed curriculum?
• Implement portfolio-based assessments. • Focus on project-based learning assessment strategies. • Implement capstone projects. • Utilize Data-in-a-Day protocols.
• To what degree do these three align? • What might you celebrate in this area? What might you do differently?
(Kay & Greenhill, The Leader’s Guide to 21st Century Education: 7 Steps for Schools and Districts, 2012)
© Sparrow 2017. SolutionTree.com Do not duplicate.
5
Teaching “The centerpiece of action is based on learning and instruction.” —Fullan, “Choosing the Wrong Drivers for Whole System Reform,” michaelfullan.ca
Assessing
6
Implicit
Explicit
Things that a substitute or new
Planned and intentional classroom teaching. (Lesson plans and/or unit plans)
teacher might NOT know to do. o
Class routines
o
Conversation points
○
Daily objective
o
Taught through exposure
○
Mini-lesson
○
Handout/Rubric item etc.
Rubrics
Implicit
Explicit
Feedback that you don’t keep
Assessments where you
track of.
somehow “track” the data.
○
“Gut feelings”
○
Assessment tool (test/quiz)
○
Oral feedback
○
Rubric/checklist item
○
Comments on homework/assignments
○
Conferring notes
© Sparrow 2017. SolutionTree.com Do not duplicate.
Unwrap Standards • Completed for any essential outcomes (power standards) • Ensures there is common understanding of what students are expected to know and do o o
Impacts instruction Impacts assessment
• Allows PLCs to determine the level of rigor they are expecting
Standard
Uses organizational techniques such as categorization, prioritization, and classification to evaluate ideas
Content
Organizational techniques such as categorization, prioritization, classification
Cognitive Behavior
Uses to evaluate ideas
Standard
Apply effective interpersonal skills during conversations to build positive relationships with collaborators
Content
Effective interpersonal skills
Cognitive Behavior
Applies to build positive relationships with collaborators
K Clearly defines the problem, investigation, or challenge. AN Integrates information from multiple sources on the inquiry topic to build background knowledge.
© Sparrow 2017. SolutionTree.com Do not duplicate.
7
Target-Method Match Select Response Knowledge (lower levels of taxonomy) Reasoning (upper levels of taxonomy)
Helpful Resources
Extended Written Response
Performance Assessment
Personal Communication
• SBAC Math Assessment • SBAC ELA Assessment • Creativity, Critical Thinking, Collaboration, Communication DSLO rubrics
X
✓
X
• NGSS Science Assessment Blueprint
✓
Skills Product
• C3 Performance-Based Assessment Clearinghouse • Core Arts Model Cornerstone Assessments
X (Stiggins, Student-Centered Classroom Assessment, 1994)
Focus on the unit you are teaching or are about to teach. • • •
•
8
What SLO can be easily integrated into the unit? Unwrap the SLO into content and cognitive behavior. What will be the best format for assessing? How will you judge if performance meets expectation? How will you provide assessment as and for to provide feedback?
Additional Resources • The Partnership for 21st Century Skills (www.p21.org) A US national organization that advocates for 21st Century readiness for every student • EdLeader 21 (www.edleader21.com) A US national network of school and district leaders focused on integrating the 4Cs (critical thinking, communication, collaboration, and creativity) into education • The Leader’s Guide to 21st Century Education: 7 Steps for Schools and Districts by Ken Kay and Valerie Greenhill • Center for K–12 Assessment & Performance Management, an initiative by ETS (http://www.k12center.org/publications/all.html) This group has produced a number of materials in order to disseminate the best thinking and research on a range of measurement issues including assessment 21st century skills.
© Sparrow 2017. SolutionTree.com Do not duplicate.
Additional Resources
Thank You
• Assessment & Teaching of 21st Century Skills (http://atc21s.org)
The ATC21S project, founded by Microsoft, Cisco, and Intel, is an innovative research project that aims to develop new forms of assessment and teaching approaches.
• Deeper Learning Student Assessment Initiative (DLSAI).
Envision Schools (www.envisionschools.org) offers their portfolio system to interested schools. This system takes the most effective aspects of the portfolio system and makes it much more accessible to interested educators. The DLSAI will be supported by a new web-based technology platform called Show Evidence (www.showevidence.com)
Jennifer L. Sparrow
• Route 21 (www.route21.p21.org)
A wide range of rubrics for higher-order thinking skills can be found by searching ‘rubrics’ on this site managed by P21.
• College and Work Readiness Assessment (www.cae.org/content/pro_collegework/htm)
This assessment measures critical thinking and communication skills at grades 9 and 12.
© Sparrow 2017. SolutionTree.com Do not duplicate.
9
