BIOL 205 Phylogenetic Tree
BIOL 205 Phylogenetic Tree 0. Collar of microvilli 1. Multicellularity Radial cleavage Internally digestive heterotroph Septate (tight) junctions Collagen Spermatozoa 2. Aquiferous system Spicules 3. True tissues Radial symmetry Net-like nervous system Gastrovascular cavity Basement membrane Diploblasty 4. Cnidae Epitheliomuscular cells Dimorphic life style 5. Mesoderm via a mesentoblast Triploblasty Bilateral symmetry Cephalization Ventral, ladder-like nervous system 6. Digestive syncytium 7. Nephridial (excretory) system 8. Complete gut; blastopore becomes mouth Circumenteric nerve ring Schizocoelous coelom Metanephridia Metachronal waves: tail to head
A = Choanozoa (0) B = Animalia (1) C = Eumetazoa (3) D = Bilateria (5) E = Nephrozoa (7) F = Protostomia (8)
G = Spiralia (9) H = Trochozoa (11) I= J = Ecdysozoa (16) K= L = Deuterostomia (21)
9. Spiral cleavage Mesoderm via the 4d cell 10. Loss of anus Protonephridia 11. Closed circulatory system Trochophore-like larvae 12. Protonephridia Circumproboscal nerve ring 13. Eu-trochophore larvae Annelid/molluscan cross 14. Open circulatory system Reduced coelom/persistent blastocoel 15. Teloblastic growth/’true’ segmentation Parapodia with chaetae 16. Teloblastic growth/’true’ segmentation Molting by ecdysis Reduced coelom/persistent blastocoel 1 pair of biramous appendages per segment Open circulatory system Dorsal ostiate heart 17. Lobopods Slime glands 18. Loss of functional cilia Thick, layered cuticle Loss of circular/oblique muscle
19. Sclerites Jointed appendages with intrinsic musculature 20. Muscle ‘arms’ Loss of teloblastic growth/’true’segmentation Loss of coelom Loss of dorsal ostiate heart 21. Mesoderm via the archenteron Tripartite arrangement of coeloms Enterocoelous coelom Complete gut; blastopore marks anus 22. Metachronal waves: head to tail Ventral heart 23. Pentaradial symmetry Decentralized nervous system Water vascular system Mesodermal endoskeleton
A = Choanozoa (0) B = Animalia (1) C = Eumetazoa (3) D = Bilateria (5) E = Nephrozoa (7) F = Protostomia (8)
G = Spiralia (9) H = Trochozoa (11) I= J = Ecdysozoa (16) K= L = Deuterostomia (21)
9. Spiral cleavage Mesoderm via the 4d cell 10. Loss of anus Protonephridia 11. Closed circulatory system Trochophore-like larvae 12. Protonephridia Circumproboscal nerve ring 13. Eu-trochophore larvae Annelid/molluscan cross 14. Open circulatory system Reduced coelom/persistent blastocoel 15. Teloblastic growth/’true’ segmentation Parapodia with chaetae 16. Teloblastic growth/’true’ segmentation Molting by ecdysis Reduced coelom/persistent blastocoel 1 pair of biramous appendages per segment Open circulatory system Dorsal ostiate heart 17. Lobopods Slime glands 18. Loss of functional cilia Thick, layered cuticle Loss of circular/oblique muscle
19. Sclerites Jointed appendages with intrinsic musculature 20. Muscle ‘arms’ Loss of teloblastic growth/’true’segmentation Loss of coelom Loss of dorsal ostiate heart 21. Mesoderm via the archenteron Tripartite arrangement of coeloms Enterocoelous coelom Complete gut; blastopore marks anus 22. Metachronal waves: head to tail Ventral heart 23. Pentaradial symmetry Decentralized nervous system Water vascular system Mesodermal endoskeleton
