CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

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DIVISION OF THE HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES

CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY PASADENA, CALIFORNIA 91125

A MODEL FOR BAYESIAN FACTOR ANALYSIS WITH JOINTLY DISTRIBUTED MEANS AND LOADINGS

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IT U T E O F

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HNOLOG

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IF O R NIA

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Daniel B. Rowe

SOCIAL SCIENCE WORKING PAPER 1108 January 2001

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