Clean Coal Technologies
Clean Coal Technologies Assoc.Prof.Dr. Fehmi AKGÜN Elif ÇAĞLAYAN Yeliz DURAK Energy Institute TÜBİTAK Marmara Research Center P.O. Box 21, 41470 GEBZE-KOCAELİ Tel: +90-262-677 20 00-02 ; Faks: +90-262-641 23 09 [email protected] www.mam.gov.tr
OUTLINES 1. The Main Energy Issues for Turkey 2. Current status of coal based power plants in Turkey 3. Needs for retrofit and new building of power plants 4. Comparision of Coal Combustion Technologies 5. Trends on clean coal technologies 6. Conclusion
The Main Energy Issues for Turkey 1. Security of energy supply 2. Sustainable development 3. Lack of technological knowledge Besides these
¬Energy demand is growing (minimum %60 increase until 2030), ¬The energy dependency is increasing (current ratio is %73), ¬The total energy investments will be above 120 billion Euro until to 2030.
Ref: Ortiz de la Torre, P., 2007, EC activities towards zero emission power generation RTD actions_Third IEA International Conference on Clean Coal Technologies May 15–17, 2007 Sardinia, Italy
Ages of Turkish Coal Based Power Plants Thermal Power Plant Name
Fuel
Place
Capacity (MW)
Startup Year
Age
Bitumunous Coal
Zonguldak
300
1989
18
Afşin‐Elbistan AT/S
Lignite
K.Maraş
1355
1984
23
Orhaneli T/S
Lignite
Bursa
210
1992
15
Seyitömer T/S
Lignite
Kütahya
600
1973
34
Tunçbilek T/S
Lignite
Kütahya
64
1956
51
Tunçbilek T/S
Lignite
Kütahya
365
1978
29
Yatağan T/S
Lignite
Muğla
630
1982
25
Kangal T/S
Lignite
Sivas
457
1989
18
Kemerköy T/S 1,2,3
Lignite
Muğla
630
1993
14
Soma A T/S
Lignite
Manisa
44
1957
50
Soma B T/S
Lignite
Manisa
990
1981
26
Yeniköy T/S
Lignite
Muğla
420
1986
21
Çatalağzı T/S
Ref: Bütün S., 27. Energy Efficiency Week, 10-13 January 2008, Electricity Generation Co.Inc., Increasing Efficiency of Electricity Production Plants and Evaluation of Waste Heat.
Current Situation of Turkish Coal Based Power Plants Most of the plants in Turkey • is based on pulverized coal combustion technology with relatively low presure and temperature, • has an efficiency of maximun %38 (but average is %32-33, • has an average age of approximately 28 (close to the end of economical lifetime), To increase the efficiency and also minimize the emmision • retrofit for steam cycles, combustor and emmmision control units or • replace the units with new ones in the near future are mandatory.
Possible time schedule for building a new power plant Planning 1-2 years
Eng&Construction 4-5 years
2008
2010
Operation Period 30 years
2015
2020
2045 year
Road map for zero emission fossil fuel power plant Pilot Plant
Demo plant
Commercial plant
So, avoid imposing unacceptable burdens to the economy, the suitable technologies for a new power plant should be evaluated / selected by considering the technology trends for ZEPPs.
Comparision of Coal Combustion Technologies Technologies Parameter
PC
•Low capacity •Subcritical steam c. •Low quality coal •High capacity, Efficiency •Subcritical steam c. % •Midium quality coal •High capacity, •High quality coal •Super(/ultrasuper) critical
CFB
BFB
30 %30-35 35 40 /45
%30-40
%42
All including high All including high All except coal with high ash Coal type ash, high moisture ash, high moisture content and low quality coal and low quality coal T, ºC 1300-1700 800-900 800-900 Particle size %70-75
OUTLINES 1. The Main Energy Issues for Turkey 2. Current status of coal based power plants in Turkey 3. Needs for retrofit and new building of power plants 4. Comparision of Coal Combustion Technologies 5. Trends on clean coal technologies 6. Conclusion
The Main Energy Issues for Turkey 1. Security of energy supply 2. Sustainable development 3. Lack of technological knowledge Besides these
¬Energy demand is growing (minimum %60 increase until 2030), ¬The energy dependency is increasing (current ratio is %73), ¬The total energy investments will be above 120 billion Euro until to 2030.
Ref: Ortiz de la Torre, P., 2007, EC activities towards zero emission power generation RTD actions_Third IEA International Conference on Clean Coal Technologies May 15–17, 2007 Sardinia, Italy
Ages of Turkish Coal Based Power Plants Thermal Power Plant Name
Fuel
Place
Capacity (MW)
Startup Year
Age
Bitumunous Coal
Zonguldak
300
1989
18
Afşin‐Elbistan AT/S
Lignite
K.Maraş
1355
1984
23
Orhaneli T/S
Lignite
Bursa
210
1992
15
Seyitömer T/S
Lignite
Kütahya
600
1973
34
Tunçbilek T/S
Lignite
Kütahya
64
1956
51
Tunçbilek T/S
Lignite
Kütahya
365
1978
29
Yatağan T/S
Lignite
Muğla
630
1982
25
Kangal T/S
Lignite
Sivas
457
1989
18
Kemerköy T/S 1,2,3
Lignite
Muğla
630
1993
14
Soma A T/S
Lignite
Manisa
44
1957
50
Soma B T/S
Lignite
Manisa
990
1981
26
Yeniköy T/S
Lignite
Muğla
420
1986
21
Çatalağzı T/S
Ref: Bütün S., 27. Energy Efficiency Week, 10-13 January 2008, Electricity Generation Co.Inc., Increasing Efficiency of Electricity Production Plants and Evaluation of Waste Heat.
Current Situation of Turkish Coal Based Power Plants Most of the plants in Turkey • is based on pulverized coal combustion technology with relatively low presure and temperature, • has an efficiency of maximun %38 (but average is %32-33, • has an average age of approximately 28 (close to the end of economical lifetime), To increase the efficiency and also minimize the emmision • retrofit for steam cycles, combustor and emmmision control units or • replace the units with new ones in the near future are mandatory.
Possible time schedule for building a new power plant Planning 1-2 years
Eng&Construction 4-5 years
2008
2010
Operation Period 30 years
2015
2020
2045 year
Road map for zero emission fossil fuel power plant Pilot Plant
Demo plant
Commercial plant
So, avoid imposing unacceptable burdens to the economy, the suitable technologies for a new power plant should be evaluated / selected by considering the technology trends for ZEPPs.
Comparision of Coal Combustion Technologies Technologies Parameter
PC
•Low capacity •Subcritical steam c. •Low quality coal •High capacity, Efficiency •Subcritical steam c. % •Midium quality coal •High capacity, •High quality coal •Super(/ultrasuper) critical
CFB
BFB
30 %30-35 35 40 /45
%30-40
%42
All including high All including high All except coal with high ash Coal type ash, high moisture ash, high moisture content and low quality coal and low quality coal T, ºC 1300-1700 800-900 800-900 Particle size %70-75
