CONNECTED AUTOMATION
Roger Berg - Vice President North America Research and Development DENSO Corporation
© DENSO International America, Inc. All rights reserved.
DENSO’s Global Product and R&D Focus Fuel Efficiency, Safety, Information & Communication ● Powertrain Products
● Climate Control Products
Engine management system, electronically-controlled gasoline direct injection system, starter, alternator, hybrid components, etc.
Automatic air conditioner, car heater, rear cooling unit, compressor, sensors, battery thermal, etc.
● Body Electronics Products Instrument windshield Be Connected. Be Safe. cluster, Be Green wiper, remote keyless entry system, IC flasher, horn, etc.
● Driving Control and Safety Cruise control system, airbag sensing system, vehicle stability control, antilock braking system, traction control system, heads-up display, active safety sensors, etc.
© DENSO International America, Inc. All rights reserved.
NHTSA V2V NHTSA 05-14 Monday, February 3, 2014 Contact: Nathan Naylor, 202-366-9550,
[email protected] WASHINGTON – The U.S. Department of Transportation's (DOT) National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) announced today that it will begin taking steps to enable vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication technology for light vehicles. This technology would improve safety by allowing vehicles to "talk" to each other and ultimately avoid many crashes altogether by exchanging basic safety data, such as speed and position, ten times per second. "Vehicle-to-vehicle technology represents the next generation of auto safety improvements, building on the life-saving achievements we've already seen with safety belts and air bags," said U.S. Transportation Secretary Anthony Foxx. "By helping drivers avoid DOT research indicates that safety applications using V2V technology can address a large majority of crashes involving crashes, this technology will play a key role in improving the way people get where they need to go while ensuring that the U.S. remains the leader in the global automotive industry." two or more motor vehicles. With safety data such as speed and location flowing from nearby vehicles, vehicles can DOT research indicates that safety applications using V2V technology can address a large majority of crashes involving two or more motor vehicles. With safety data such as speed and location flowing from nearby vehicles, vehicles can identify risks and provide drivers with warnings to avoid other vehicles in common crash types such as rear-end, lane change, and intersection crashes. These safety applications have been demonstrated with everyday drivers under both real-world and controlled test conditions. identify risks and provide drivers with warnings to avoid other vehicles in common crash types such as rear-end, lane The safety applications currently being developed provide warnings to drivers so that they can prevent imminent collisions, but do not automatically operate any vehicle systems, such as braking or steering. NHTSA is also considering future actions on active change, and intersection crashes. These safety applications have been demonstrated with everyday drivers under both safety technologies that rely on on-board sensors. Those technologies are eventually expected to blend with the V2V technology. NHTSA issued an Interim Statement of Policy in 2013 explaining its approach to these various streams of innovation. In addition to enhancing safety, these future applications and technologies could help drivers to conserve fuel and save time. real-world and controlled test conditions. V2V technology does not involve exchanging or recording personal information or tracking vehicle movements. The information sent between vehicles does not identify those vehicles, but merely contains basic safety data. In fact, the system as contemplated contains several layers of security and privacy protection to ensure that vehicles can rely on messages sent from other vehicles and that a vehicle or group of vehicles would be identifiable through defined procedures only if there is a need to fix a safety problem. In August 2012, DOT launched the Safety Pilot "model deployment" in Ann Arbor, Mich., where nearly 3,000 vehicles were deployed in the largest-ever road test of V2V technology. DOT testing is indicating interoperability of V2V technology among products from different vehicle manufacturers and suppliers and has demonstrated that they work in real-world environments. In driver safety clinics conducted by the Department priorcurrently to the model deployment, the technology showed high favorability ratings and levels of customerto acceptance. Participants would like to have V2V safety features on their personal vehicle. The applications being developed provide warnings drivers soindicated that they they can prevent imminent "V2V crash avoidance technology has game-changing potential to significantly reduce the number of crashes, injuries and deaths on our nation's roads," said NHTSA Acting Administrator David Friedman. "Decades from now, it's likelyconsidering we'll look back at this time collisions, but do not automatically operate any vehicle systems, such as braking or steering. NHTSA is also period as one in which the historical arc of transportation safety considerably changed for the better, similar to the introduction of standards for seat belts, airbags, and electronic stability control technology." future actions on active safety technologies that rely Be on on-board sensors.Be Those technologies are eventually expected to Connected. Safe. Be Green NHTSA is currently finalizing its analysis of the data gathered as part of its year-long pilot program and will publish a research report on V2V communication technology for public comment in the coming weeks. The report will include analysis of the Department's research findings in several keyV2V areas including technical feasibility, privacy and security, and preliminary estimates on costs and safety benefits. NHTSA will then begin working on a regulatory proposal that would require V2V devices in new vehicles in a future blend with the technology. year, consistent with applicable legal requirements, Executive Orders, and guidance. DOT believes that the signal this announcement sends to the market will significantly enhance development of this technology and pave the way for market penetration of V2V safety applications. "We are pleased with the direction NHTSA is taking in terms of V2V technology," said Greg Winfree, Assistant Secretary for Research and Technology. "The decision to move forward comes after years of dedicated research into the overwhelming safety benefits provided by a connected vehicle environment." V2V communications can provide the vehicle and driver with 360-degree situational awareness to address additional crash situations – including those, for example, in which a driver needs to decide if it is safe to pass on a two-lane road (potential head-on collision), make a left turn across the path of oncoming traffic, or in which a vehicle approaching at an intersection appears to be on a collision course. In those situations, V2V communications can detect threats hundreds of yards from other vehicles that cannot NHTSA is currently finalizing its analysis of the data gathered as part of its year-long pilot program and will publish a be seen, often in situations in which on-board sensors alone cannot detect the threat. research report on V2V communication technology for public comment in the coming weeks. The report will include NHTSA has worked in close partnership in this research both with other DOT agencies, including the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Research and Technology and the Federal Highway Administration, and with several leading auto manufacturers and academic research institutions, who have invested significant resources into developing and testing V2V technology. The collaboration of government, industry and academia is critical to ensure V2V technology's interoperability across vehicles. analysis of the Department's research findings in several key areas including technical feasibility, privacy and security, and Find more more information on the Department's vehicle-to-vehicle communication technology research. preliminary estimates on costs and safety benefits. NHTSA will then begin working on a regulatory proposal that would Stay connected with NHTSA via: Facebook.com/NHTSA | Twitter.com/NHTSAgov | YouTube.com/USDOTNHTSA | SaferCar.gov require V2V devices in new vehicles in a future year, consistent with applicable legal requirements, Executive Orders, and guidance. DOT believes that the signal this announcement sends to the market will significantly enhance development of this technology and pave the way for market penetration of V2V safety applications.
© DENSO International America, Inc. All rights reserved.
Historical Background Be Connected. Be Safe. Be Green
© DENSO International America, Inc. All rights reserved.
The Transportation Problem in the USA Safety • 5,800,000 crashes & 33,963 deaths (2009) • ≈ $300 billion estimated society cost • $1522 for each US traveler Mobility • 4.8+ billion hours of travel delay (2010) • ≈ $98 billion cost of urban congestion • $590 for each US traveler Be Connected. Be Safe. Be Green Environment • 3.9+ billion gallons of wasted fuel
ONE KEY SOLUTION: CONNECTIVITY Adapted from “DSRC Workshop”, M. Schagrin, RITA JPO, May 2010 and AAA report 2011
© DENSO International America, Inc. All rights reserved.
Connected Vehicle Timeline for USA SAFETEA-LU Transportation Bill
Law
☆VII Program Start
VIIC
Equip dev.
Extension
Transportation Act of 2012
☆VII Feasibility
PoC
Rev.
Connected Vehicle Program
★ NHTSA decision to move towards regulation Regional Deployments
3000 unit FOT
CAMP VII = Vehicle Infrastructure Integration PoC = Proof of Concept FOT = Field Operational Test CAMP = Crash Avoidance Metrics Partnership CICAS-V = Cooperative Intersection Crash Avoidance System - Violations VSC-A = V2V Crash Avoidance Applications
Activity
CICAS-V / VSC-A – R&D
?
R&D - Outreach Technical & Policy Research Tracks
Be Connected. Be Safe. Be Green ☆ITS WC (NY) 2012
☆ITS WC(FL)
☆ITS WC (MI) 2013
Device Acquisition Driver Recruitment & Training Vehicle Builds Vehicle Deployment
Agency Decision
Data Collection and Eval. Safety Benefits Analysis
© DENSO International America, Inc. All rights reserved.
CAMP V2V Safety Program
Be Connected. Be Safe. Be Green
© DENSO International America, Inc. All rights reserved.
2012 - 2014 Model Deployment
Device Type Integrated Integrated VAD VAD VAD VAD ASD RSD TSP
Vehicle Type Light Commercial Trucks Light Commercial Trucks Light/medium duty Transit Vehicles Light Vehicles Commercial Trucks Transit Vehicles
Number % of total of Units CAMP 64 2.3% Battelle 3 0.1% UM employees 2200 77.6% Conway, Sysco 50 1.8% University Fleet 100 3.5% AATA, UM buses 100 3.5% UM employees 300 10.6% Conway, Sysco 16 0.6% AATA, UM buses 3 0.1% Vehicle Source
Be Connected. Be Safe. Be Green
© DENSO International America, Inc. All rights reserved.
Vision for Today Be Connected. Be Safe. Be Green
© DENSO International America, Inc. All rights reserved.
What Can Connected Vehicle Technology Do?
Be Connected. Be Safe. Be Green
© DENSO International America, Inc. All rights reserved.
What is Connected Vehicle Technology?
GPS Time & Position
Be Connected. Be Safe. Be Green Roadside Equipment
Host CAN Data Neighboring Vehicle
Neighboring Vehicle © DENSO International America, Inc. All rights reserved.
How does it improve vehicle safety? Sample V2X Info & Safety Applications
Be Connected. Be Safe. Be Green
© DENSO International America, Inc. All rights reserved.
V2V Safety Application – Emer. Vehicle Alert
Be Connected. Be Safe. Be Green
© DENSO International America, Inc. All rights reserved.
V2V Safety Application – Intersection Alert
Be Connected. Be Safe. Be Green
© DENSO International America, Inc. All rights reserved.
V2V Safety Application – Stopped Car Alert
Be Connected. Be Safe. Be Green
© DENSO International America, Inc. All rights reserved.
A V2X Service Deployment Scenario Active Road Safety - Cooperative Awareness - Road Hazard Warning
Driving Assistance Information Notification Collision Risk Warning Collision Avoidance Assist Control Cooperation
Signage
Cooperative Traffic Efficiency
Signal Phase Adaptation Automated Speed Control
Be Connected. Be Safe. Be Green low increased
HW Req’ts / Integration 2015
2018
high
2021
1) Use V2X safety messages and content to provide day one benefits • Focus on information and warning functions as new and retrofit devices deploy • Cooperate with infrastructure systems providers for integrated V2V/I2V approach 2) Expand to more advanced (safety) services as deployment penetration increases • Building on a mature system, use of effective safety features can proliferate • Achieve improved functional integration to lower system cost
© DENSO International America, Inc. All rights reserved.
One configuration option (opportunity) antennas
V2V & GPS
Be Connected. Be Safe. Be Green audio alert
kit certified by USDOT and / or auto maker
dealer or mobile electronics installer
enhanced applications via wireless tether
© DENSO International America, Inc. All rights reserved.
Application Implementation (opportunity) 5.9 GHz DSRC
Wi-Fi
Safety processor, radio, GPS mounted in vehicle
Be Connected. Be Safe. Be Green
Application(s) and HMI contained on carry-in device
© DENSO International America, Inc. All rights reserved.
Vision for the Future Be Connected. Be Safe. Be Green
© DENSO International America, Inc. All rights reserved.
External Conn/Auto Sensors
Be Connected. Be Safe. Be Green
© DENSO International America, Inc. All rights reserved.
Internal Conn/Auto Sensors
Be Connected. Be Safe. Be Green
© DENSO International America, Inc. All rights reserved.
How Do We Get there
sensors driver HMI Lab Be Connected.monitor Be Safe. Be Green V2X
© DENSO International America, Inc. All rights reserved.
VSC Application Scenario - CICAS-V by I2V
Connected Automation Example
Vehicle with radar and V2V approaches intersection Gray car slows to let truck pass intersection
Truck moves at constant speed (example)
Be Connected. Be Safe. Be Green
Blue car slows because gray one did
Blue car accelerates back to original speed
© DENSO International America, Inc. All rights reserved.
One Idea - Connected Automation City
Be Connected. Be Safe. Be Green
• Less restrictive operational constraints • May coexist with pedestrians & bikes • Safety is absolute must
© DENSO International America, Inc. All rights reserved.
Summary
• V2X is effective at cooperative crash avoidance • Retrofit installs may play a large role in deployment • Road to automation includes connectivity to driver • Future flows to alternative transport vehicles and must Connected. Be Safe. Be Greenoperation include technology forBepedestrian environment
Connected Vehicle Technology: Be Connected. Be Safe. Be Green. © DENSO International America, Inc. All rights reserved.