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Detection of Anomalous Routing Dynamics in BGP - Internet Research ...
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Number of anomalous incidence prefix 166.111/16
10
A
80
number of incidences
number of incidences
100
B
60
C
40
D
20
E F
0 AS3333
AS2914
AS13129
AS3549
B C
4
D E
2
F
0
AS3257
AS3333
AS2914
DoD prefix (199.226.96.0/20)
20
40
number of incidences
number of incidences
A
6
AS 50
number of anomalous incidences Yahoo(64.58.64.0/19)
8
30 20 10 0
AS13129
AS3549
AS3257
AS3549
AS3257
AS DNS root server A prefix (198.41.0.0/24)
16 12 8 4 0
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AS2914
AS13129
AS3549
AS3257
AS3333
AS2914
AS13129
AS
AS
/0
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BGP UPDATE Announcement Duplicate
Withdrawal
SPATH
DPATH
Different
Different
Same length
Shorter
Longer
MED
other attributes
AS_PATH
AS_PATH
AS_PATH
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T^2 value of BGP updates (166.111.0.0/24, AS3333) 6 T^2
T^2 value
5
begin
end
4 3 2 1 0 1
21
41
61
81
101
121
141
161
181
201
221
241
Index of updates
8 7% 8
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