DEVELOPMENT OF A WEB-BASED PHYSICAL ACTIVITY PROMOTION PROGRAM Background • Partially due to high inactivity rates, midlife women—including ethnic minority midlife women—have been reported at increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, obesity, hypertension, and all-cause mortality. • To decrease the risk, many physical activity promotion interventions have been developed, but they have rarely succeeded in achieving their goals. • Recently, to increase access to interventions, Web-based physical activity promotion programs have been developed, but very few of them have been developed for and rarely succeeded in increasing physical activity of ethnic minority midlife women. One reason may be that these programs rarely incorporated ethnic-specific attitudes toward and ethnic-specific predictors of physical activity of ethnic minority midlife women in its design.
Purpose and Theoretical Basis Purpose: • To develop a Web-based physical activity promotion program for Korean American midlife women based on findings from a larger study on midlife women’s attitudes toward physical activity and pilot-test the program among experts.
Theoretical Basis: • MAPA Theory by Im, Stuifbergen, & Walker (2010).
Methods Design • An intervention development study Methods • • • •
Developed using the information mapping approach by Bartholomew et al. Evaluated through teleconferences by seven experts using the Cognitive Walkthrough method. The teleconferences were audio-recorded and transcribed, and analyzed using the content analysis by Weber. As a group, the research team made decisions on the development of specific areas, and incorporated them into further development of the program.
Wonshik Chee, PhD & Eun-Ok Im, PhD, MPH, RN, CNS, FAAN (Presenter) The University of Pennsylvania Development of the Web-Based Physical Activity Promotion Program
Development of the Web-Based Physical Activity Promotion Program (continued)
Needs Assessment:
Information Architecture:
• Determinants of the target behavior (predictors of the physical activity experience of Korean American midlife women) were identified based on the findings from the current R01 study. • A total of 13 determinants were identified: 4 modifiable determinants were incorporated into development of the Web-based physical activity promotion program, and the remaining non-modifiable determinants were considered in individualization/customization of the program depending on the characteristics of the users.
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Menus:
Targeted Outcome:
Technological tools:
• To address the physical activity-related issues/concerns of Korean American midlife women in such a way that it enables participants to gain peer support from other Korean American midlife women with similar experiences (in order to improve self-efficacy and social influences)(outcome I). • To obtain reliable, accurate, and adequate information related to physical activity and strategies to safely increase physical activity (to improve attitudes toward physical activity)(outcome II). • To enhance their resources and help them, their spouses, and their family members by relieving their physical activity-related concerns (to improve self-efficacy and social influences)(outcome III); and • To promote physical activity in their daily lives (to improve attitudes toward physical activity and self-efficacy)(outcome IV).
A free-form matrix information architecture155 that allows users to choose when they want to visit the site, what they want to browse or complete on the site, how much time they spend on the site, and what order in which to view the content.
• Menus based on the four arms of interventions related to the four predictors of physical activity experience: (a) attitudes toward physical activity, (b) self-efficacy, (c) perceived barriers, and (d) social influences.
• Ruby on Rails (ROR) framework (http://rubyonrails.org) • Xen hypervisor (http://xen.org)
Components: •
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Interactive online message board Interactive online educational sessions Online resources
Presentation Styles: • Graphic User Interface (GUI) controls (e.g., push buttons, check boxes, dropdown lists, entry fields) were used, and the presentation styles (e.g., colors, designs, menus) were tailored to Asian American culture based on advice from the five experts.
Conclusions • Supported the feasibility of developing a Web-based physical activity promotion program that incorporates the women’s ethnic-specific attitudes toward physical activity and ethnic-specific predictors of their physical activity.
Acknowledgements • This study was conducted as part of a larger study funded by the National Institute of Health (NIH/NINR/NHIBI)(R01NR010568)