disabilities
Transforming the Workplace with New Technologies Frances W. West Director, IBM Human Ability & Accessibility Center June 3, 2008
©2008 IBM Corporation
Making the case for accessibility
Market myths People with disabilities are a “niche” market People with disabilities are a low- or no-income market Accessibility is only about people with disabilities Accessibility is “just” a corporate social responsibility initiative
2
©2008 IBM Corporation
Making the case for accessibility
The facts: Accessibility benefits a wide range of people People with disabilities: The world’s single, largest minority group (16% WW population) Mature population: 4 Million Americans turn 50 each year 1 out of 4 people over 50, 1 out of 2 people over 65 have a disability Other beneficiaries: 12% of U.S. population is foreign-born Nearly 47M people speak a language other than English in their homes 3
©2008 IBM Corporation
Making the case for accessibility
The facts: Market opportunity supports a strong business case People with disabilities: Control over $1 Trillion in aggregate income annually Control over $220 Billion in disposable income annually Have almost twice the spending power of teens and more than 17x the spending power of “tweens” 29% of U.S. families have a member with a disability Mature consumers: People aged 50+ spent nearly $400B in 2003 4
©2008 IBM Corporation
Making the case for accessibility
The facts: Business leaders are adopting a new agenda 5 out of 6 CEOs no longer agree with Nobel economist Milton Friedman’s view that the sole purpose of business is to increase profits.
CEOs discover “doing good” earns great returns: Attraction and loyalty of talent Competitive differentiation Permission to enter new markets = Sustainable revenue growth
5
©2008 IBM Corporation
Making the case for accessibility
Accessibility is about enabling human ability...
..to break down barriers to alI people.
Employees Customers Constituents 6
©2008 IBM Corporation
IBM and Accessibility
7
©2008 IBM Corporation
A history of commitment to accessibility
1960 / 1970s
1950 / 1960s
1914
1980s 1990s
c i p o r h t n a l i h P 2000 2001
Legislat ive 8
In public sector, government regulations being adopted by state and local government agencies and education
2007 and Beyond In private sector, usability features and technology are driving customer demand for accessible products and services
Market Driven ©2008 IBM Corporation
IBM’s accessibility business journey
Legal and Compliance 1. Adherence to regulations and standards in countries of operation
9
Eco-System Establishmen t 2. Alignment of NGO, global/local advocacy forces to enable public and private value collaboration
Business value Differentiation
Market Creation 4.
3. Pilots with leading customers to demonstrate business value and establish thought leadership
Introduction of technology-based differentiating solution into company core offerings
Growth Platform 5. Create ‘market pull’ based growth strategy especially in emerging markets, BOP countries as higher % of PwD poses challenges to public and private industries
©2008 IBM Corporation
IBM’s Accessibility Business Transformation is ongoing… For IBM employees & future employees
For our clients
Global Global Workforce Workforce Diversity Diversity Initiative Initiative
For IBM products & services
90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
1st Qtr
2nd Qtr
3rd Qtr
4th Qtr
IBM IBM Corporate Corporate Instruction-162 Instruction-162 10
©2008 IBM Corporation
How we see accessibility today Enhancing human ability through innovation, so everyone can maximize their potential, regardless of age or ability.
11
©2008 IBM Corporation
Expanding the discussion from “disabilities” to “human ability” World population: Worldwide Number Disabled: People with Disabilities
Aging
16% of world population has some type of disability – vision, hearing, mobility, cognitive
By 2025 nearly 20% of the industrialized nations’ population will be over 65
6 Billion* ~1 Billion (16%)*
Non-native language speakers & low literacy Globalization is driving many people to communicate in non-native languages
Novice I C T users More and more people worldwide are using computers, and internet
“Disabilities” are no longer confined to traditional definitions, especially with growing need to embrace multi-generational and multi-cultural populations.
12
©2008 IBM Corporation
A core value-based business for the global citizens of the world…
Sam Palmisano IBM CEO
13
“Accessibility – which started out as a philanthropic effort – has now evolved to a business transformation effort for IBM and our clients.”
Dedication to Every Client's Success Innovation that Matters — for our company and the world Trust and Personal Responsibility in all Relationships
©2008 IBM Corporation
The Market: Trends and activities
14
©2008 IBM Corporation
Major global trends converge to create accessibility imperative
15
Technology Evolution
Industry Actions
Market Environment
Policy & Litigation
©2008 IBM Corporation
Market Environment
Global population demographics are shifting
2025: 60+ segment grows to 20% in most industrialized nations
Under 5%
5% to 12.4%
12.5% to 20%
Above 20%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau
16
©2008 IBM Corporation
Policy and litigation
Accessibility related litigation & legal inquiries in the U.S.
Increasing government legislation affects business around the world…
• Canada* • U.S. • Brazil*
• • • • • • • • • •
European Union* UK* Italy* Switzerland* Spain* Portugal* Netherlands* Germany Sweden Ireland
• • • •
Japan* China* Australia India*
Sued by NFB for inaccessible website Major development (Oct 2007): Judge allows suit to continue as class action Major tech company and State of TX sued by NFB – Software is inaccessible to blind State of TX employees PMI (US-based organization) sued in UK due to inaccessible training application Sued by DoJ for ADA violations Settlement terms: must provide accommodations for deaf and hard of hearing students Fined by State of N.Y. for special pricing available only on inaccessible Web sites.
Legislation actions between 2005-2007 indicated in red and marked with a star
Sued by NFB and state employees because web applications inaccessible to blind. Settled. Sued by individuals. Inaccessible online services included in ruling ADA settlement over inaccessible ATMs.
17
©2008 IBM Corporation
Industry actions
Court allows class-action lawsuit against Target website; Case may expand disability laws on the web – Computerworld,
AOL, Google, Microsoft, Yahoo! Unite to Advance Online Media Captioning – streamingmedia.com, October 2007
October 2007
India ratifies UN convention on rights of disabled; one of over 100 countries to sign this milestone human rights treaty – newKerala.com, October 2007
As boomers go gray, will big money mean better tech? Leading companies say so – news.com, October 2007
Real Hope in a Virtual World: Online Identities Leave Limitations Behind – Disabled people from all over Europe have converged on Brussels for a mass rally – Channel 4, London, October 2007 Boomer concerns stimulate Cognitive Fitness industry – LA Times, October 2007
18
Washington Post (front pg), October 2007
AARP convention more closely resembled a consumer electronics show than a meet up of retired people – ZDnet.com, October 2007
©2008 IBM Corporation
Technology evolution
How we imagine: Web 2.0 to 3D Web and VWs
What we do: eBusiness to Social Computing
How we create: Static to Dynamic Portals to Mashups
QEDWiki
How we deliver: Wired Networks to • Base of the pyramid ($100 PC & cell) • High bandwidth mobile • Next PC generation • Table top and kiosk
19
©2008 IBM Corporation
Workforce transformation
20
©2008 IBM Corporation
The Age Wave China 60M disabled 130M+ over 60 (10% of population); 400M by middle of century
U.S. 19% of managerial positions will retire in 5 yrs
Italy >22M receiving pensions vs. 21M working
21
Australia 2016: individuals 60-64 expected to double
©2008 IBM Corporation
20 percent of average working age population has a disability
Europe 14% of working age population has a disability
United States 21% of working age population has a disability 60% of people with disabilities of working age are nonworking Source: U.S. Census Bureau
58% of people with disabilities of working age are non-working Source: European Community Household Panel Study, 1996
Japan India 21.9 million people with disabilities
65% of people with disabilities of working age are non-working Source: Ministry of Health and Welfare
Source: Census of India, 2001
Australia 18% of working age population has a disability Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2001
22
©2008 IBM Corporation
U.S. Workforce Age Segment Growth Between 2000 – 2010: 10% decrease in workers aged 35-44 52% increase in workers aged 55-65 By 2010, the total number of workers between the ages of 45-64 will have increased by 83%
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics 23
©2008 IBM Corporation
The bottom line
24
©2008 IBM Corporation
Most organizations are not ready HR systems haven’t kept pace with business needs Many employers can’t get an accurate picture of employee headcount or personnel costs Only 42% of employers are addressing their skills and capability needs for the next three to five years
“The business of HR today is to turn the strategy of the business into the behaviours of individuals and teams.” - IBM Global Human Capital Survey
Only 1/3 employers in recent survey have projected workforce attrition
25
©2008 IBM Corporation
Addressing the challenge
26
©2008 IBM Corporation
Aligning workforces to business objectives
27
©2008 IBM Corporation
Support for a Changing Workforce
As the workforce ages and changes, technology needs to accommodate a range of potential challenges Potential Challenge Decreasing vision, loss of near vision acuity, color blindness, macular degeneration Impact on Technology Use Difficult to see Web pages, other applications How to Address Enable Web sites or provide user tools to: Increase size of fonts Increase line spacing Provide alternative color choices to increase contrast Provide text to speech with highlighting
28
©2008 IBM Corporation
Support for a Changing Workforce
Potential Challenges and Their Impact on Technology Use Potential Challenge Hearing difficulties Impact on Technology Use Difficult to hear and understand streaming and other multi-media Web content How to Address Provide captioned content
29
©2008 IBM Corporation
Support for a Changing Workforce
Potential Challenges and Their Impact on Technology Use Potential Challenge Motor difficulties (e.g., tremor, reduced reaction times) Impact on Technology Use Accidental repetition of keys, unintended mouse movements, difficulties adjusting PC features such as display position, volume and power controls How to Address Offer hardware accessibility features to simplify use Provide software interface to detect/correct tremors and sudden mouse movements 30
©2008 IBM Corporation
Increasing Access for Everyone
How Assistive Technology Can Help Easy Web Browsing – helps novice users, seniors and people with limited vision or eye fatigue access Web site information more easily WebAdapt2Me – increases Web-page usability with options to enlarge font size, change background colors and read text aloud ViaScribe – provides captioning of lectures as they occur and offers real-time transcription, alignment and preparation of e-learning materials
31
©2008 IBM Corporation
Increasing Access for Everyone
Improving ease of access – Development tools and services User center design services – includes users with disabilities in the conceptual design process Accessibility Tools Framework – a collection of tools and building blocks that enable developers to validate and develop accessible desktop and Web applications • Visualization tools • Compliance validation tools • Building blocks for ongoing development
32
©2008 IBM Corporation
Scotiabank
Industry examples: Banking Challenge Improve accessibility of key applications to increase ease-of-access for employees Develop a comprehensive accessibility strategy
Solution Accessibility strategy workshop and application review Creating accessibility policies and
standards for training and application development Business benefits Reduced costs for supporting employees with disabilities Lays foundation for developing programs to also attract customers with disabilities 33
©2008 IBM Corporation
Mitsukoshi Department Store
Industry examples: Retail Challenge Create an accessible, easy-to-navigate Web site for people who are blind and visually impaired Solution IBM Easy Web Browsing technology and site redesign to meet accessibility guidelines Business benefits Helps novices, seniors and users with low vision more easily access Web content Significant increase in online sales Increased customer satisfaction and loyalty
34
©2008 IBM Corporation
California State University, Long Beach
Industry examples: Education Challenge Improve the accessibility of university Web sites and applications for faculty and students with low vision, motor impairments, and learning disabilities The Solution IBM WebAdapt2Me provided on public access computer terminals and home computers Benefits Helps maximize accessibility and usability of campus Web sites and Web applications for faculty and students with various disabilities 35
©2008 IBM Corporation
Conclusion
36
©2008 IBM Corporation
The IBM strategy
Focus on open technologies and high-value solutions 375,000+ employees
Deliver integration and innovation to clients
170 countries 200,000 IBMers in >50 delivery
centers in 21 countries 12 Global Service Units
Become the premier Globally Integrated Enterprise
37
Nearly 2/3 revenue outside U.S.
©2008 IBM Corporation
IBM Human Ability and Accessibility Vision Innovative Societal Transformation ✔ Seamless private/public value net collaboration ✔ Inclusive social participation
✔ Effective personal interaction ✔ Improved user satisfaction
Collaborative Ecosystems
Effective Business Models ✔ Sense & respond preferences ✔ Adaptive human-business experience
Usable Access
Responsive Relationships
Compliance
Effective Human Interaction
38
✔ Regulatory & legal mandates ✔ Standardization of technical interfaces/APIs
©2008 IBM Corporation
BEYOND access… to inclusion Beyond proprietary
Beyond assistive technology
Beyond accessibility
Beyond technology
Beyond accommodation of one person
39
to open collaboration that inspires to flexible infrastructure that enables to usable solutions that adapt to value-based innovation that matters to empowerment of all people
©2008 IBM Corporation
Thank you Questions? Human Ability and Accessibility Center Send a note to [email protected] Contact John Evans, Americas business development ([email protected])
To learn more about IBM accessibility and the “Accessibility and business value” study, visit www.ibm.com/able
40
©2008 IBM Corporation
©2008 IBM Corporation
Making the case for accessibility
Market myths People with disabilities are a “niche” market People with disabilities are a low- or no-income market Accessibility is only about people with disabilities Accessibility is “just” a corporate social responsibility initiative
2
©2008 IBM Corporation
Making the case for accessibility
The facts: Accessibility benefits a wide range of people People with disabilities: The world’s single, largest minority group (16% WW population) Mature population: 4 Million Americans turn 50 each year 1 out of 4 people over 50, 1 out of 2 people over 65 have a disability Other beneficiaries: 12% of U.S. population is foreign-born Nearly 47M people speak a language other than English in their homes 3
©2008 IBM Corporation
Making the case for accessibility
The facts: Market opportunity supports a strong business case People with disabilities: Control over $1 Trillion in aggregate income annually Control over $220 Billion in disposable income annually Have almost twice the spending power of teens and more than 17x the spending power of “tweens” 29% of U.S. families have a member with a disability Mature consumers: People aged 50+ spent nearly $400B in 2003 4
©2008 IBM Corporation
Making the case for accessibility
The facts: Business leaders are adopting a new agenda 5 out of 6 CEOs no longer agree with Nobel economist Milton Friedman’s view that the sole purpose of business is to increase profits.
CEOs discover “doing good” earns great returns: Attraction and loyalty of talent Competitive differentiation Permission to enter new markets = Sustainable revenue growth
5
©2008 IBM Corporation
Making the case for accessibility
Accessibility is about enabling human ability...
..to break down barriers to alI people.
Employees Customers Constituents 6
©2008 IBM Corporation
IBM and Accessibility
7
©2008 IBM Corporation
A history of commitment to accessibility
1960 / 1970s
1950 / 1960s
1914
1980s 1990s
c i p o r h t n a l i h P 2000 2001
Legislat ive 8
In public sector, government regulations being adopted by state and local government agencies and education
2007 and Beyond In private sector, usability features and technology are driving customer demand for accessible products and services
Market Driven ©2008 IBM Corporation
IBM’s accessibility business journey
Legal and Compliance 1. Adherence to regulations and standards in countries of operation
9
Eco-System Establishmen t 2. Alignment of NGO, global/local advocacy forces to enable public and private value collaboration
Business value Differentiation
Market Creation 4.
3. Pilots with leading customers to demonstrate business value and establish thought leadership
Introduction of technology-based differentiating solution into company core offerings
Growth Platform 5. Create ‘market pull’ based growth strategy especially in emerging markets, BOP countries as higher % of PwD poses challenges to public and private industries
©2008 IBM Corporation
IBM’s Accessibility Business Transformation is ongoing… For IBM employees & future employees
For our clients
Global Global Workforce Workforce Diversity Diversity Initiative Initiative
For IBM products & services
90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
1st Qtr
2nd Qtr
3rd Qtr
4th Qtr
IBM IBM Corporate Corporate Instruction-162 Instruction-162 10
©2008 IBM Corporation
How we see accessibility today Enhancing human ability through innovation, so everyone can maximize their potential, regardless of age or ability.
11
©2008 IBM Corporation
Expanding the discussion from “disabilities” to “human ability” World population: Worldwide Number Disabled: People with Disabilities
Aging
16% of world population has some type of disability – vision, hearing, mobility, cognitive
By 2025 nearly 20% of the industrialized nations’ population will be over 65
6 Billion* ~1 Billion (16%)*
Non-native language speakers & low literacy Globalization is driving many people to communicate in non-native languages
Novice I C T users More and more people worldwide are using computers, and internet
“Disabilities” are no longer confined to traditional definitions, especially with growing need to embrace multi-generational and multi-cultural populations.
12
©2008 IBM Corporation
A core value-based business for the global citizens of the world…
Sam Palmisano IBM CEO
13
“Accessibility – which started out as a philanthropic effort – has now evolved to a business transformation effort for IBM and our clients.”
Dedication to Every Client's Success Innovation that Matters — for our company and the world Trust and Personal Responsibility in all Relationships
©2008 IBM Corporation
The Market: Trends and activities
14
©2008 IBM Corporation
Major global trends converge to create accessibility imperative
15
Technology Evolution
Industry Actions
Market Environment
Policy & Litigation
©2008 IBM Corporation
Market Environment
Global population demographics are shifting
2025: 60+ segment grows to 20% in most industrialized nations
Under 5%
5% to 12.4%
12.5% to 20%
Above 20%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau
16
©2008 IBM Corporation
Policy and litigation
Accessibility related litigation & legal inquiries in the U.S.
Increasing government legislation affects business around the world…
• Canada* • U.S. • Brazil*
• • • • • • • • • •
European Union* UK* Italy* Switzerland* Spain* Portugal* Netherlands* Germany Sweden Ireland
• • • •
Japan* China* Australia India*
Sued by NFB for inaccessible website Major development (Oct 2007): Judge allows suit to continue as class action Major tech company and State of TX sued by NFB – Software is inaccessible to blind State of TX employees PMI (US-based organization) sued in UK due to inaccessible training application Sued by DoJ for ADA violations Settlement terms: must provide accommodations for deaf and hard of hearing students Fined by State of N.Y. for special pricing available only on inaccessible Web sites.
Legislation actions between 2005-2007 indicated in red and marked with a star
Sued by NFB and state employees because web applications inaccessible to blind. Settled. Sued by individuals. Inaccessible online services included in ruling ADA settlement over inaccessible ATMs.
17
©2008 IBM Corporation
Industry actions
Court allows class-action lawsuit against Target website; Case may expand disability laws on the web – Computerworld,
AOL, Google, Microsoft, Yahoo! Unite to Advance Online Media Captioning – streamingmedia.com, October 2007
October 2007
India ratifies UN convention on rights of disabled; one of over 100 countries to sign this milestone human rights treaty – newKerala.com, October 2007
As boomers go gray, will big money mean better tech? Leading companies say so – news.com, October 2007
Real Hope in a Virtual World: Online Identities Leave Limitations Behind – Disabled people from all over Europe have converged on Brussels for a mass rally – Channel 4, London, October 2007 Boomer concerns stimulate Cognitive Fitness industry – LA Times, October 2007
18
Washington Post (front pg), October 2007
AARP convention more closely resembled a consumer electronics show than a meet up of retired people – ZDnet.com, October 2007
©2008 IBM Corporation
Technology evolution
How we imagine: Web 2.0 to 3D Web and VWs
What we do: eBusiness to Social Computing
How we create: Static to Dynamic Portals to Mashups
QEDWiki
How we deliver: Wired Networks to • Base of the pyramid ($100 PC & cell) • High bandwidth mobile • Next PC generation • Table top and kiosk
19
©2008 IBM Corporation
Workforce transformation
20
©2008 IBM Corporation
The Age Wave China 60M disabled 130M+ over 60 (10% of population); 400M by middle of century
U.S. 19% of managerial positions will retire in 5 yrs
Italy >22M receiving pensions vs. 21M working
21
Australia 2016: individuals 60-64 expected to double
©2008 IBM Corporation
20 percent of average working age population has a disability
Europe 14% of working age population has a disability
United States 21% of working age population has a disability 60% of people with disabilities of working age are nonworking Source: U.S. Census Bureau
58% of people with disabilities of working age are non-working Source: European Community Household Panel Study, 1996
Japan India 21.9 million people with disabilities
65% of people with disabilities of working age are non-working Source: Ministry of Health and Welfare
Source: Census of India, 2001
Australia 18% of working age population has a disability Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2001
22
©2008 IBM Corporation
U.S. Workforce Age Segment Growth Between 2000 – 2010: 10% decrease in workers aged 35-44 52% increase in workers aged 55-65 By 2010, the total number of workers between the ages of 45-64 will have increased by 83%
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics 23
©2008 IBM Corporation
The bottom line
24
©2008 IBM Corporation
Most organizations are not ready HR systems haven’t kept pace with business needs Many employers can’t get an accurate picture of employee headcount or personnel costs Only 42% of employers are addressing their skills and capability needs for the next three to five years
“The business of HR today is to turn the strategy of the business into the behaviours of individuals and teams.” - IBM Global Human Capital Survey
Only 1/3 employers in recent survey have projected workforce attrition
25
©2008 IBM Corporation
Addressing the challenge
26
©2008 IBM Corporation
Aligning workforces to business objectives
27
©2008 IBM Corporation
Support for a Changing Workforce
As the workforce ages and changes, technology needs to accommodate a range of potential challenges Potential Challenge Decreasing vision, loss of near vision acuity, color blindness, macular degeneration Impact on Technology Use Difficult to see Web pages, other applications How to Address Enable Web sites or provide user tools to: Increase size of fonts Increase line spacing Provide alternative color choices to increase contrast Provide text to speech with highlighting
28
©2008 IBM Corporation
Support for a Changing Workforce
Potential Challenges and Their Impact on Technology Use Potential Challenge Hearing difficulties Impact on Technology Use Difficult to hear and understand streaming and other multi-media Web content How to Address Provide captioned content
29
©2008 IBM Corporation
Support for a Changing Workforce
Potential Challenges and Their Impact on Technology Use Potential Challenge Motor difficulties (e.g., tremor, reduced reaction times) Impact on Technology Use Accidental repetition of keys, unintended mouse movements, difficulties adjusting PC features such as display position, volume and power controls How to Address Offer hardware accessibility features to simplify use Provide software interface to detect/correct tremors and sudden mouse movements 30
©2008 IBM Corporation
Increasing Access for Everyone
How Assistive Technology Can Help Easy Web Browsing – helps novice users, seniors and people with limited vision or eye fatigue access Web site information more easily WebAdapt2Me – increases Web-page usability with options to enlarge font size, change background colors and read text aloud ViaScribe – provides captioning of lectures as they occur and offers real-time transcription, alignment and preparation of e-learning materials
31
©2008 IBM Corporation
Increasing Access for Everyone
Improving ease of access – Development tools and services User center design services – includes users with disabilities in the conceptual design process Accessibility Tools Framework – a collection of tools and building blocks that enable developers to validate and develop accessible desktop and Web applications • Visualization tools • Compliance validation tools • Building blocks for ongoing development
32
©2008 IBM Corporation
Scotiabank
Industry examples: Banking Challenge Improve accessibility of key applications to increase ease-of-access for employees Develop a comprehensive accessibility strategy
Solution Accessibility strategy workshop and application review Creating accessibility policies and
standards for training and application development Business benefits Reduced costs for supporting employees with disabilities Lays foundation for developing programs to also attract customers with disabilities 33
©2008 IBM Corporation
Mitsukoshi Department Store
Industry examples: Retail Challenge Create an accessible, easy-to-navigate Web site for people who are blind and visually impaired Solution IBM Easy Web Browsing technology and site redesign to meet accessibility guidelines Business benefits Helps novices, seniors and users with low vision more easily access Web content Significant increase in online sales Increased customer satisfaction and loyalty
34
©2008 IBM Corporation
California State University, Long Beach
Industry examples: Education Challenge Improve the accessibility of university Web sites and applications for faculty and students with low vision, motor impairments, and learning disabilities The Solution IBM WebAdapt2Me provided on public access computer terminals and home computers Benefits Helps maximize accessibility and usability of campus Web sites and Web applications for faculty and students with various disabilities 35
©2008 IBM Corporation
Conclusion
36
©2008 IBM Corporation
The IBM strategy
Focus on open technologies and high-value solutions 375,000+ employees
Deliver integration and innovation to clients
170 countries 200,000 IBMers in >50 delivery
centers in 21 countries 12 Global Service Units
Become the premier Globally Integrated Enterprise
37
Nearly 2/3 revenue outside U.S.
©2008 IBM Corporation
IBM Human Ability and Accessibility Vision Innovative Societal Transformation ✔ Seamless private/public value net collaboration ✔ Inclusive social participation
✔ Effective personal interaction ✔ Improved user satisfaction
Collaborative Ecosystems
Effective Business Models ✔ Sense & respond preferences ✔ Adaptive human-business experience
Usable Access
Responsive Relationships
Compliance
Effective Human Interaction
38
✔ Regulatory & legal mandates ✔ Standardization of technical interfaces/APIs
©2008 IBM Corporation
BEYOND access… to inclusion Beyond proprietary
Beyond assistive technology
Beyond accessibility
Beyond technology
Beyond accommodation of one person
39
to open collaboration that inspires to flexible infrastructure that enables to usable solutions that adapt to value-based innovation that matters to empowerment of all people
©2008 IBM Corporation
Thank you Questions? Human Ability and Accessibility Center Send a note to [email protected] Contact John Evans, Americas business development ([email protected])
To learn more about IBM accessibility and the “Accessibility and business value” study, visit www.ibm.com/able
40
©2008 IBM Corporation
