Documents/Summits/WhatisDrivingthePriceofyourCastingDesign Charbauski

Report 1 Downloads 72 Views
What’s Driving the Cost of Your Casting? Dave Charbauski Caterpillar Inc. (Retired)

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Personal Profile Current: Casting Quality and Sourcing Consultant Experience: 22 Years at Caterpillar • Purchasing & Supplier Quality

17 Years in Foundry Management • Iron, Steel & Nonferrous Castings

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Has This Ever Happened To You?

Target Cost: X

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Has This Ever Happened To You?

Quotes Received Supplier A + 45% Supplier B + 55%

Supplier C + 40% Target Cost: X

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Has This Ever Happened To You?

Quotes Received Supplier A + 45% Supplier B + 55%

?

Supplier C + 40% Target Cost: X

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

What do you do next? Options 1. Find a new supply base

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

What do you do next? Options 1. Find a new supply base 2. Go into the Foundry business yourself

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

What do you do next? Options 1. Find a new supply base 2. Go into the Foundry business yourself 3. Investigate your design for cost drivers

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

What do you do next? Options 1. Find a new supply base 2. Go into the Foundry business yourself 3. Investigate your design for cost drivers

Why should I look at the design?

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Design Impact on Product Cost Over Time Initial Effect Design 5%

Material 50%

Labor 15% Overhead 30%

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Design Impact on Product Cost Over Time Initial Effect

Long Term Effect

Design 5%

Material 50%

Design 70%

Labor 15% Overhead 30%

Material 20% Labor 5% Overhead 5% www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Design Impact on Product Cost Over Time Initial Effect

Long Term Effect

Design 5%

Potential Casting Impacts • Higher Scrap Rates Material 50%

Design 70%

• Increased Rework • Delivery Problems

Labor 15% Overhead 30%

• Increased Costs Material 20% Labor 5% Overhead 5% www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Reality Check Does the part fit the foundry?

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Reality Check Does the part fit the foundry? Metal Type • Standard grade or unique chemistry?

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Reality Check Does the part fit the foundry? Metal Type • Standard grade or unique chemistry? • Would changing to a standard grade meet your requirements?

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Reality Check Does the part fit the foundry? Metal Type • Standard grade or unique chemistry? • Would changing to a standard grade meet your requirements? • Could a lower cost material be utilized?

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Reality Check Does the part fit the foundry? Metal Type • Standard grade or unique chemistry? • Would changing to a standard grade meet your requirements? • Could a lower cost material be utilized?

• Commonly poured or periodically scheduled?

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Reality Check Does the part fit the foundry? Casting Weight and Size • How well does your casting fit within the foundry’s weight and size parameters?

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Reality Check Does the part fit the foundry? Casting Weight and Size • How well does your casting fit within the foundry’s weight and size parameters? • Being on either end of the spectrum can be costly

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Reality Check Does the part fit the foundry? Casting Weight and Size • How well does your casting fit within the foundry’s weight and size parameters? • Being on either end of the spectrum can be costly • Smaller/lighter castings may experience higher levels of scrap due to shakeout damage.

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Reality Check Does the part fit the foundry? Casting Weight and Size • How well does your casting fit within the foundry’s weight and size parameters? • Being on either end of the spectrum can be costly • Smaller/lighter castings may experience higher levels of scrap due to shakeout damage. • Larger/heavier castings may require extended cooling time causing a slow down on an automated line.

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Reality Check Does the part fit the foundry? Annual Volume • How many pieces do you plan on buying per year?

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Reality Check Does the part fit the foundry? Annual Volume • How many pieces do you plan on buying per year? • Small lot sizes can be difficult in a high production foundry.

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Reality Check Does the part fit the foundry? Annual Volume • How many pieces do you plan on buying per year? • Small lot sizes can be difficult in a high production foundry. • How many orders per year?

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Reality Check Does the part fit the foundry? Annual Volume • How many pieces do you plan on buying per year? • Small lot sizes can be difficult in a high production foundry. • How many orders per year? • Consult with your foundry to determine if your volume is considered low, medium, or high.

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

OK - Everything fits! What’s next?

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

OK - Everything fits! What’s next?

Time to dig deeper into the casting design to identify cost drivers

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Draft angles and finish stock allowance • Draft • Excess draft can add weight • Insufficient draft can increase scrap and rework • Most foundries need 1 to 2 degrees

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Draft angles and finish stock allowance • Draft • Excess draft can add weight • Insufficient draft can increase scrap and rework • Most foundries need 1 to 2 degrees

• Finish Stock • Amount can vary with material type, casting size, and molding process • Excess stock adds weight and increases machining costs • Insufficient stock can shorten insert life and increase scrap due to tool breakage and non clean-up

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Parting lines • Flat, straight partings lines are a best practice

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Parting lines • Flat, straight partings lines are a best practice • Offset parting lines are common, but… • Can increase pattern cost • Are more likely to produce parting fins • Can cause mold compaction issues

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Parting lines • Flat, straight partings lines are a best practice • Offset parting lines are common, but… • Can increase pattern cost • Are more likely to produce parting fins • Can cause mold compaction issues

• Can you minimize the effect of the parting line?

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Parting lines • Flat, straight partings lines are a best practice • Offset parting lines are common, but… • Can increase pattern cost • Are more likely to produce parting fins • Can cause mold compaction issues

• Can you minimize the effect of the parting line?

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Cores • Look for ways to minimize or eliminate cores

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Cores • Look for ways to minimize or eliminate cores • Can you incorporate several cores into one? • Be aware of the assembly cost • Make sure the assembly is robust

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Cores • Look for ways to minimize or eliminate cores • Can you incorporate several cores into one? • Be aware of the assembly cost • Make sure the assembly is robust

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Cores • Long cores may require chaplets for support • Cost for chaplet, placement, and finishing • Potential for increased scrap rate

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Section Thickness • Thin sections • Can be susceptible to misrun and cracking

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Section Thickness • Thin sections • Can be susceptible to misrun and cracking

• Thick sections • May be prone to shrinkage problems • Isolated heavy sections should be avoided

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Section Thickness • Thin sections • Can be susceptible to misrun and cracking

• Thick sections • May be prone to shrinkage problems • Isolated heavy sections should be avoided

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Section Thickness • Variations in wall thickness can lead to higher scrap rates

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Section Thickness • Variations in wall thickness can lead to higher scrap rates • Transition design • Abrupt transitions are stress raisers

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Section Thickness • Variations in wall thickness can lead to higher scrap rates • Transition design • Abrupt transitions are stress raisers

Which transition is best?

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Finishing Requirements • How clear are your finishing instructions? • Over processing leads to waste

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Finishing Requirements • How clear are your finishing instructions? • Over processing leads to waste

• Grinding • Does the parting line need to be ground flush? •

Can the foundry design the pattern to eliminate the need for parting line grinding?

• Can raised pads be used for riser and ingate connections?

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Finishing Requirements • How clear are your finishing instructions? • Over processing leads to waste

• Grinding • Does the parting line need to be ground flush? •

Can the foundry design the pattern to eliminate the need for parting line grinding?

• Can raised pads be used for riser and ingate connections?

• Cleaning • Is re-blast after grinding necessary? • Cleanliness of internal passages

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Finishing Requirements • How clear are your finishing instructions? • Over processing leads to waste

• Grinding • Does the parting line need to be ground flush? •

Can the foundry design the pattern to eliminate the need for parting line grinding?

• Can raised pads be used for riser and ingate connections?

• Cleaning • Is re-blast after grinding necessary? • Cleanliness of internal passages

• Packaging • All specific needs should be known before the quoting stage •

Paint, container type, rust protection, packaging methods www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Surface Finish Requirements • Must be defined early in the design process

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Surface Finish Requirements • Must be defined early in the design process • Think about the application •

Is the casting visible or a touch point?

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Surface Finish Requirements • Must be defined early in the design process • Think about the application • •

Is the casting visible or a touch point? Visually defect free can add 15%+ to the cost

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Surface Finish Requirements • Must be defined early in the design process • Think about the application • •

Is the casting visible or a touch point? Visually defect free can add 15%+ to the cost

• Process can be engineered to minimize problems

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Surface Finish Requirements • Must be defined early in the design process • Think about the application • •

Is the casting visible or a touch point? Visually defect free can add 15%+ to the cost

• Process can be engineered to minimize problems

• Use surface finish comparators • C9 Microfinish Comparator

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Surface Finish Requirements • Must be defined early in the design process • Think about the application • •

Is the casting visible or a touch point? Visually defect free can add 15%+ to the cost

• Process can be engineered to minimize problems

• Use surface finish comparators • C9 Microfinish Comparator • SCRATA plates

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Surface Finish Requirements • Must be defined early in the design process • Think about the application • •

Is the casting visible or a touch point? Visually defect free can add 15%+ to the cost

• Process can be engineered to minimize problems

• Use surface finish comparators • C9 Microfinish Comparator • SCRATA plates • MSS SP-55

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Tolerances • Cast tolerances are influenced by many factors -

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Tolerances • Cast tolerances are influenced by many factors • Metal type

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Tolerances • Cast tolerances are influenced by many factors • Metal type • Type of molding process

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Tolerances • Cast tolerances are influenced by many factors • Metal type • Type of molding process • Size and weight of the casting

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Tolerances • Cast tolerances are influenced by many factors • Metal type • Type of molding process • Size and weight of the casting

• Follow industry standards whenever possible

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Tolerances • Cast tolerances are influenced by many factors • Metal type • Type of molding process • Size and weight of the casting

• Follow industry standards whenever possible • Pattern considerations • Materials

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Tolerances • Cast tolerances are influenced by many factors • Metal type • Type of molding process • Size and weight of the casting

• Follow industry standards whenever possible • Pattern considerations • Materials • Construction method • Pattern cost vs Dimensional stability

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Inspection Requirements • Understand the basic inspections that will be performed

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Inspection Requirements • Understand the basic inspections that will be performed • Typically a Brinell audit

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Inspection Requirements • Understand the basic inspections that will be performed • Typically a Brinell audit • Magnetic particle

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Inspection Requirements • Understand the basic inspections that will be performed • Typically a Brinell audit • Magnetic particle

• Additional inspection

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Inspection Requirements • Understand the basic inspections that will be performed • Typically a Brinell audit • Magnetic particle

• Additional inspection • • • • •

Material certifications Hardness testing Ultrasonic inspection Radiography Pressure testing

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Keys to Success

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Keys to Success Goal is to eliminate or minimize cost drivers before the design is finalized

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Keys to Success Goal is to eliminate or minimize cost drivers before the design is finalized Early Foundry Involvement •

Start at the concept phase if possible

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Keys to Success Goal is to eliminate or minimize cost drivers before the design is finalized Early Foundry Involvement •

Start at the concept phase if possible

Collaboration •

Make sure your needs and expectations are known

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Keys to Success Goal is to eliminate or minimize cost drivers before the design is finalized Early Foundry Involvement •

Start at the concept phase if possible

Collaboration •

Make sure your needs and expectations are known

Design Reviews •

Everyone touching the part should be involved www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Questions?

www.afsinc.org │ CastingConnection.afsinc.org │ @AmerFoundrySoc

Recommend Documents