Ewing Township - Mountain Lakes Home Page
Ewing Township – 2010 Sustainable Jersey Small Grant Project Rain Garden Demonstration Project and Water Conservation Education Program Final Report – October 3, 2011 Work Efforts The Ewing Green Team has moved forward with tasks as outlined in the grant proposal. Work is being coordinated by Green Team members John Hoegl and Pamela V’Combe. On October 9, 2010 Green Team members organized a booth at the Ewing Community Fest Event held at TCNJ sharing and distributing water conservation and rain garden information with residents as well as introducing the project (see attached poster). On December 15, 2010 the Township finalized its agreement with the Rutgers Cooperative Extension (RCE) Water Resources Program to provide technical assistance and coordination for the rain garden and water conservation education efforts (copy of agreement attached). Community Education and Outreach (Build-a-Rain Barrel Workshops and Rain Garden Seminar) Members of the Green Team and RCE Water Resources Program met multiple times and also coordinated with the NJDEP Watershed Ambassadors Program and Sustainable Lawrence on planning for the water conservation/rain barrel workshops. Two workshops were conducted in Spring 2011. The first workshop was held March 24, 2011 at the Ewing Township Senior & Community Center (see attached advertisement, registrant list, and photos). The workshop was held from 6PM-8:30PM at the Ewing Township Senior & Community Center and had thirty-three registered participants plus helpers in attendance who built a total of forty-one barrels.
The second build-a-rain barrel workshop was held Saturday, May 14th at Abiding Presence Lutheran Church on Route 31 in Ewing. The workshop offered two separate sessions held at9AM-11AM and 12PM-2PM. Combined the workshop sessions had thirty-five participants plus family members, who assembled forty-eight rain barrels. This second workshop was coordinated with surrounding municipalities and served as a regional opportunity for Mercer County residents and included support from the NJDEP Watershed Ambassadors (see attached advertisement, registrant list, and photos).
Ewing Township Green Team
October 3, 2011
A Sustainable Landscaping Techniques seminar was presented on Tuesday, April 26, 2011 at the Ewing Branch of the Mercer County Library System, with ten Ewing residents in attendance. The workshop provided attendees with the information needed to design and build rain gardens at their homes and reduce the impact landscape maintenance practices have on the environment (see attached presentation materials). Attendees were also able to purchase copies of the award-winning Rain Garden Manual of New Jersey at a reduced cost. Innovative Demonstration Projects (Rain Garden Designs and Installations) Two rain garden demonstration projects were successfully completed as part of the Green Team’s efforts under this grant project. With technical support from the RCE Water Resources Program a residential scale rain garden disconnecting rooftop runoff as well as a commercial/institutional scale rain garden managing parking lot runoff were designed and installed. The first demonstration rain garden completed is located at Ewing Independent Living Whitehead Road Extension in Ewing Township. This project routes stormwater from an existing downspout capturing rooftop runoff into a 250 square foot rain garden. The rain garden was designed to serve as an example for Township residents to use when considering rooftop disconnection at their homes (see attached design plan and photos).
Ewing Township Green Team
October 3, 2011
The second demonstration rain garden was installed to manage stormwater runoff from parking areas near the Municipal Recreation Fields/Complex on Upper Ferry Road (see attached aerial photograph and design plan). This rain garden is over 500 square feet in size and serves as an example for institutions and commercial business on best management practice techniques for protecting water quality in local waterways.
Two additional rain garden sites were evaluated but project partners were unable to finalize logistics to complete the efforts. The Green Team is continuing to pursue these opportunities and will use the two successfully completed rain gardens as examples to help secure necessary support and partnerships for the work. The additional rain garden opportunity sites include Ewing Senior and Community Center on Lower Ferry Road and at Incarnation School. A site was identified at the Community Center property but designs could not be finalized as additional site construction and paving work is scheduled but not yet completed. Partners have established a working relationship with Township officials and County officials involved with the construction efforts and hope to be able to continue developing a rain garden demonstration project at this highly visible site (see attached aerial photograph). The final rain garden demonstration site identified through the work of the Green Team is located at Incarnation School and St. James Parish. The rain garden would capture, filter, and treat runoff from a large parking area managing stormwater on-site prior to flowing into the nearby waterway (see attached plan). Initial contacts were made but a final partnership was not able to be established. Green Team members and Incarnation School Alumni hope to continue discussions with the School and Parish so that the project can move forward in the future.
Ewing Township Green Team
October 3, 2011
Expenditures to Date: Rain Barrel Workshop Advertisement in Ewing Observer (March 2011)
$269.00
Rutgers Water Resources Program Invoice #1 (educational programs) *
$1,500.00
Rutgers Water Resources Program Invoice #2 (rain garden support) *
$2,000.00
Greg’s Landscaping Invoice (Rain Garden @ Ewing Independent Living) * Supplies/Materials (Plants, soil amendments, mulch, stone)
$744.44
Labor (excavation and soil removal)
IN-KIND
Greg’s Landscaping Invoice (Rain Garden @ Municipal Recreation Fields) * Supplies/Materials (Plants, soil amendments, mulch, stone)
$3,058.32
Labor (excavation and soil removal)
$1,405.00
PROJECT TOTAL
$8,976.76
*Copies of vendor invoices for project expenses attached
Ewing Township Green Team
October 3, 2011
EWING GREEN TEAM
RAIN GARDEN DEMONSTRATION PROJECT AND WATER CONSERVATION EDUCATION PROGRAM The formation of a “Green Team” is the first step in establishing a community sustainability program. Green Teams leverage the skills and expertise of team members to develop plans, implement programs, and assist with educational opportunities that support the creation of a sustainable community. The role of the Ewing Green Team is to lead and coordinate sustainability activities for the township. The Rutgers Cooperative Extension Water Resources Program is working with the Ewing Green Team to develop educational workshops giving township residents the opportunity to not only learn about how to be better stewards of our environment, but to also have a hands-on opportunity to take the first steps towards building a sustainable community.
What is a Rain Barrel? Reduce Stormwater Runoff A rain barrel allows you to capture and reuse water on your own property and reduce the amount of water that goes onto the road. Roadways accumulate a mixture of sediment, litter, fertilizers, pesticides, animal waster and other contaminants that can be washed into nearby waterways.
WHAT IS STORMWATER RUNOFF?
Healthy Water for Your Plants Rainwater has no added chemicals, is usually soft and free of dissolved minerals. This untreated water is great for your indoor plants, your garden and lawn, washing your car, and your birdbaths.
Stormwater is rainwater that has landed on the ground. It can either infiltrate into the soil, evaporate into the air, or flow over the land as runoff. As the runoff flows over paved streets, parking lots, and building rooftops, it accumulates debris, chemicals, sediment or other pollutants that could adversely affect water quality if the runoff is discharged untreated to a waterbody.
Conservation of Water A public or private water supply is a limited resource, especially in times of drought. So, make the most of the rain and capture some of it to reuse on your own property.
Rain Garden Demonstration Project The Ewing Township Green Team through its Rain Garden Committee has assessed sites throughout the Township and identified potential rain garden opportunities. Ewing Township, with support from the Rutgers Cooperative Extension Water Resources Program, will prepare design and construction plans for three rain gardens in Ewing Township. The designs will focus on capturing and infiltrating stormwater runoff from the first inch of rainfall and use New Jersey native plant species that require little irrigation and maintenance once established.
Save Money Why pay to water your property with tap water when you can collect hundreds of gallons per year at no cost? You can install several rain barrels at your home to increase your savings.
Parts of a Rain Garden:
BUFFER
The buffer surrounds a rain garden, slows down the flow of water into the rain garden, filters out sediment, and provides absorption of pollutants in stormwater runoff.
Downspout (connects to gutter) DEPRESSION
PLANTING SOIL LAYER
The depression is the area of the rain garden that slopes down into the ponding area. It serves as a holding area and stores runoff awaiting treatment and infiltration.
This layer is usually native soil. It is best to conduct a soil test of the area checking the nutrient levels and pH to ensure adequate plant growth.
ORGANIC MATTER INLET
Water Conservation Educational Programs The Rutgers Cooperative Extension Water Resources Program has developed the Stormwater Management in Your Backyard (SWMIYB) extension education program to address nonpoint source pollution by training homeowners and landscape professionals throughout New Jersey about stormwater best management practices (BMPs). Specifically, rain gardens have been identified as a cost effective BMP that can be readily implemented by homeowners, as well as by landscape professionals, to quickly achieve reductions in runoff volume and nutrient loading. The educational components of the SWMIYB program have resulted in a greater interest in and understanding of the water resources issues facing our State’s watersheds. Over the last few years, RCE has worked through grant partnerships to deliver these programs to local communities throughout New Jersey.
Impact The overall project goal is to implement an educational and training program within Ewing Township that will change the behavior of residents, officials, municipal employees, and contractors while implementing best management practices that will reduce nutrients and sediment in stormwater runoff and conserve potable drinking water. Educational materials developed and used for this program will be distributed to all participants as well as made available through the Ewing Township Website. Signage will be placed at rain garden locations informing visitors about rain gardens and directing them to additional information resources.
The inlet is the location where stormwater enters the rain garden. Stones are often used to slow down the water flow and prevent erosion.
Below the ponding area is the organic matter, such as compost and a 3 layer of triple shredded hardwood mulch. The mulch acts as a filter and provides a home to microorganisms that break down pollutants.
PONDING AREA
The ponding area is the lowest, deepest visible area of the rain garden. The ponding area should be level so that the maximum amount of water can be filtered and infiltrated. It is very important that this area drains within 24 hours to avoid problems with stagnant water that can become mosquito breeding habitat.
BERM
The berm is a constructed mound, or bank of earth, that acts as a barrier to control, slowdown, and contain the stormwater in the rain garden. The berm can be vegetated and/ or mulched.
SAND BED
If drainage is a problem, a sand bed may be necessary to improve drainage. Adding a layer of coarse sand (also known as bank run sand or concrete sand) will increase air space and promote infiltration. It is important that sand used in the rain garden is not play box sand or mason sand as these fine sands are not coarse enough to improve h infiltration and may impede drainage.
Flexible Downspout (plastic)
Inlet
OVERFLOW
The overflow (outlet) area serves as a way for stormwater to exit the rain garden during larger rain events. An overflow notch can be used as a way to direct the stormwater exiting the rain garden to a particular area surrounding the rain garden.
Overflow
Rain Barrel (55 gallons)
What is a Rain Garden? A rain garden is a landscaped, shallow depression that is designed to intercept, treat, and infiltrate stormwater at the source before it becomes runoff. The plants used in the rain garden are native to the region and help retain pollutants that could otherwise harm nearby waterways. Can be placed in strategic areas around the home landscape to capture rainfall and roof and impervious runoff Use native plants that are water and climate tolerant Help control stormwater and nonpoint source pollution while adding to the aesthetics of the landscape
Faucet Platform (elevated & level)
For more information contact: Christopher C. Obropta, Ph.D., P.E. Extension Specialist Rutgers Cooperative Extension Water Resources Program phone: (732) 932-9800 ext. 6209 email: [email protected] website: www.water.rutgers.edu
Rain Barrel Workshops
Ewing Township Green Team
October 3, 2011
BUILD A RAIN BARREL WORKSHOP Thursday, March 24, 2011 6:00PM-8:30PM
A rain barrel is placed under a gutter’s downspout next to a house to collect rain water from the roof. The barrel holds about 50 gallons of water which can be used to water your lawn, flowers, shrubs, and trees.
Ewing Township Senior & Community Center 999 Lower Ferry Road Ewing, NJ 08628 For registration ($45 per barrel) and more information about rain barrels, please visit www.water.rutgers.edu
Rain barrels sell at “Big Box” stores for $125 or more. The fee for this workshop is $45, which includes the barrel and all the materials. Rain water harvesting can help save money on your water bill, prevent basement flooding, and reduce flooding in local rivers and streams. Participants will be shown step by step how to build their own rain barrel and learn how to install it at home.
ThisworkshopispartofaresearchprojectconductedbyRutgersCooperativeExtensiontodeterminewhetherrainbarrels encourageadoptionofotherenvironmentalbestmanagementpracticesbyresidents.Participationisvoluntaryandisopento allNewJerseyresidents.ForfurtherinformationcontactSaraMellor7329329800x6163[email protected]
Ewing Rain Barrel Workshop March 24, 2011 Registration and Participants
Last Name
First Name
Address
City, State, Zip
Phone Number
Email Address
Number of Rain Barrels
Baker
Cora
18 Van Saun Drive
Ewing, NJ 08628
609-530-1656 [email protected]
One
Falcone
April
11 Currier Way
609 802 8894 [email protected]
One
LECZYCKI
DARIUS
8 VILLAGE CT
8628 HAMILTON, NJ, 08690
Coleman
Ellen
521 Maple Ave.
Ewing, NJ 08618
609 883-2671 [email protected]
One
Westervelt
Lisa
2137 Pennington Rd Ewing, NJ, 08638
609-771-0633 [email protected]
One
Gurwitz
Eileen
247 Clamer Road
609-883-2361 [email protected]
One
Casey Stutzman
Patricia M Rachel
778 Lower Ferry Rd Ewing 1613 8th St. Ewing
Lucero
Joaquin
9 Barbara Lane
Titusville, NJ, 08560
609-540-0417 [email protected]
One
Brooks
Ray and Cindy
70 Colleen Circle
Ewing, NJ 08638
609-882-9171 [email protected]
Two
Aderhold
Tara
107 Jacob Court
609-581-5767 [email protected]
One
Gigiello
Barbara
18 Jean Drive
Hamilton, NJ, 08690 Hamilton SquareNJ 08690
609 439 3642 [email protected]
One
Fisher Malham
Marci Matthew
12 Fran Avenue 1058 River Rd
Ewing, NJ 08638 Ewing, NJ 08628
609-883-4553 [email protected] 609 504 4107 [email protected]
One One
Shaub
George
566 Cleardale Ave
Ewing, NJ 08618
609-538-0243 [email protected]
One
Servis
David
113 Jacobs Creek Rd
Ewing NJ 08628
609-406-1996 [email protected]
One
Schendlinger
Bill
20 Heather Drive
Ewing, NJ, 08638
609-771-9267 [email protected]
One
dettore Cahill
margie George
134 elmwood road 139 Central Ave
fairless hills, pa 19030 Ewing, NJ 08628
215-815-3341 [email protected] 609-882-5402 [email protected]
One One
Weaver
Victoria
20 Surrey Drive
Hamilton, NJ 08690
609-713-2990 [email protected]
Two
Pivovarnick
Rob
Hamilton, NJ 08690
609-713-2990 [email protected]
Two
Peoples
Judy
20 Surrey Drive 295 West Upper Ferry Rd
Ewing, NJ 08628
609-530-1255 [email protected]
Two
Wittkop
Elisa
24 Chelmsford Drive Ewing NJ 08618
609 273-4038 [email protected]
Two
Germano Hunkele Lynn
Ron and Sally Paula Steven
Rarich MsKeon Turnbull arnone Hollenbeck Van Wagner
Grace I. Karen & Brian Aimee allison Nicole & Kevin Mike
26 Chelmsford Drive 4 Stowman Drive 1008 River Road 12 Old Wash cross penn rd 111 Susan Drive 22 Riverview Drive 12 scudder road 115 Allison Ave 562 Cleardale Ave
Ewing, NJ, 08628
Ewing NJ 08618 Ewing Ewing, NJ, 08628 Titusville, NJ, 08560 Ewing, NJ, 08638 Ewing, NJ, 08628 ewing, nj 08628 Ewing, NJ, 08638 Ewing NJ 08618
6092402130 [email protected]
6094682210 [email protected] 6095389444 [email protected]
609671-1319 [email protected] 609-434-1230 [email protected] (609)883-8789 [email protected] 609-737-1492 609-902-6504 609.851.3361 609.637.0022 609-882-6111 609-771-1103
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
One
One One
Two One Two Two Two One One One one
Mercer County Build-a-Rain Barrel Workshop Savemoneyonyourwaterbillandprotectyourlocalstream!
When? Saturday,May14th,2011 911:30amor122:30pm
Where? AbidingPresenceLutheranChurch 2220NewJersey31,Ewing,NJ08638 Registrationisrequired($45perbarrel) Toregister,visit:www.water.rutgers.edu Foradditionalinformation,contact: SaraMellor7329329800x6163or [email protected]
Rainbarrelsareplacedundera gutter’s downspout next to a houseorbuildingtocollectrain waterfromtheroof.Theyhold about 50 gallons of water that can be used to water your lawn,flowers,shrubsortrees.
Rainwaterharvestingcanhelp save money on your water bill, prevent basement flooding, and reduce runoff intolocalriversandstreams. Participants will be shown stepbystephowtobuildtheir own rain barrel and will learn howtoinstallitathome. EwingTownship GreenTeam
This workshop is part of a research project conducted by Rutgers Cooperative Extension to determine whether rain barrels encourage adoption of other environmental best management practices by residents. Participation is voluntary and is open to all New Jersey residents.
Ewing/Mercer County Rain Barrel Workshop May 14, 2011 Registration and Participant List
First Name
Last Name
Address
Jesse
Blake
29 Huber Court
Cathy Pete & Judi David Kevin
Boje Boughton Boughton
19 Riviera Drive 119 Florence Ave 121 Florence Ave
City, State, Zip Hightstown, NJ 08520 Somerville, NJ 08876 Ewing, NJ 08618 Ewing, NJ 08618
Debra
Burd
115 Nursery Road
Titusville, NJ, 08560
Brielle
Burd
574 Howell Avenue
Ewing, NJ 08628
(941) 894-4434
[email protected]
1
George
Cahill
Ewing, NJ 08628
609-882-5402
[email protected]
2
Marc
Celentana
139 Central Ave 12 Woodhampton Drive
Van kathy Jose Wendy
Cotter czaihowski Diaz dunham
3 Woodfern 238 henry street 380 Egg Harbor Rd 12 vangogh ct.
Gloria J
Figueroa
Jim David
Gambino Gopal
2478 Old York Rd 40 Washington Crossing Rd 58 Corona Road
Ewing NJ 08628 hamilton,nj 08611 Sewell, NJ 08080 ewing, NJ 08618 Bordentown, NJ 08505 Pennington, NJ, 08534 8816
Grace
Gopal
Frederick
Gould
13 Decou Avenue 103 LawrencevillePennington Rd
Catherine
Gowen
34 Southern Way
michael
greco
Christina
Hartman
3 frederick lane 93 Mountainview Road
Pamela
Honak
Ewing
Phone Number
Email Address
Number of Barrels
7326823193 [email protected] 201-410-9436 609-771-9173 609-538-1752
2
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
6097376991 [email protected]
1 1 1 1
6093237058 [email protected]
1
6097122586 [email protected] [email protected] 609-599-9539 856-905-4881 [email protected] 609-882-2749 [email protected]
2 1 2 2
609-424-3626
[email protected]
1
609-818-1708 908 400 1849
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected] m
1 2
received check in mail
1 1
1
8628 609 771 4167 Lawrenceville, NJ 08648 Princeton, NJ 08540 609-921-8645
2
ewing, nj 08628
609 637 9686
[email protected] michaelgrecocabinetmaker@ gmail.com
Ewing, NJ 08628
609-771-0041
[email protected]
2
2
1
Sheena
Karpinski
10 Calvin Ave
Ewing, NJ 08618
609-658-6176
[email protected] m
Mandy
Leith
25 Mcadoo Ave
Trenton, NJ 08619
609-203-6698
[email protected]
1
Chris
McCloskey
174 Franklyn Rd.
609-977-7847
[email protected]
1
Mike
MCNAMARA 371 4TH STREET
Ewing, NJ 08628 JERSEY CITY NJ 07302
Desiree
Myers
182 Edinburg Rd
Hamilton, NJ 08619 609-414-6984
MIchael
10 Buckingham Ave trenton, NJ 08618
Pamela
Nalbone NielsenHornak
21 Patton Drive
Philip
Prassas
Marge
5167826584 [email protected]
2
[email protected]
1
609 392 0556
[email protected]
1
Ewing, NJ 08618
609-637-0553
[email protected]
1
Ewing, NJ 08618
609-915-9846
[email protected]
1
Stanford
15 Carlton Ave 552 Washington Ave.
6098826555 [email protected]
2
Jessica
Stephens
6 Frederick Ln
Ewing NJ 08628
609-902-0828
[email protected]
2
Tarry
Truitt
1771 Prospect Street Ewing, NJ 08638
609-844-1008
[email protected]
2
Candace
White
185 Liberty Rd.
Englewood
347 513 1835
Edith & Sue
Wilkinson
318 Sutherland Rd.
Ewing, NJ 08618
609-882-0097
Ron
Zasoski
510 Concord Ave.
Ewing, NJ 08618
609-538-8742
West Trenton
7631
1 1
[email protected]
1
Rain Garden Seminar
Ewing Township Green Team
October 3, 2011
You are invited to attend
Rain Gardens: a simple way to do your part to learn about sustainable landscaping techniques that easily can be done at home and in the community. Tuesday, April 26, 2011 from 6:00 to 8:00 pm Ewing Branch Library The Mercer County Library System 61 Scotch Road Ewing, NJ 08628 Phone: (609) 882-3130
This is a free seminar! Register online at:
www.water.rutgers.edu Copies of the NEW Rain Garden Manual of New Jersey will be available to attendees for $5.00! This workshop is sponsored by the Ewing Green
Team through a grant from Sustainable Jersey.
Rain Gardens
What is a Rain Garden? Rain Gardens: A Simple Way to Do Your Part Rutgers Cooperative Extension Water Resources Program
A rain garden is a landscaped, shallow depression that is designed to intercept, treat, and infiltrate stormwater at the source before it becomes runoff. The plants used in the rain garden are native to the g and help p retain p pollutants that could region otherwise harm nearby waterways.
Jeremiah Bergstrom, LLA, ASLA Phone: 732-932-9800 x6126 Email: [email protected]
www.water.rutgers.edu
Rain Gardens
Rain Gardens
Rain Gardens
Rain Garden Schematic
• Can be placed in strategic areas around the home landscape to capture rainfall and roof and impervious runoff • Use native plants that are water and climate tolerant • Help control stormwater and nonpoint source pollution while adding to the aesthetics of the landscape
1
Rain Gardens
Rain Gardens
Rain Garden Plans
Rain Gardens
Vegetation
2
Rain Gardens
Sumner School Rain Garden
3
Rain Gardens
Sumner School Rain Garden
Rain Gardens
Cherry Hill DPW Rain Garden
Rain Gardens
Cherry Hill DPW Rain Garden
Rain Gardens
Voorhees Lion Lake Rain Garden
4
Rain Gardens
Voorhees Lion Lake Rain Garden
Rain Gardens
Rain Gardens for Ewing… Rain Gardens for our Community!
Jeremiah Bergstrom, LLA, ASLA Phone: 732-932-9800 x6126 Email: [email protected] www.water.rutgers.edu
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Rain Gardens: Are They the Answer? Ewing Community Education Program Ewing, NJ April 26, 2011
Jeremiah D. Bergstrom, LLA, ASLA Water Resources Program – Senior Project Manager
Rutgers Cooperative Extension Phone: 732-932-9800 ext. 6126 E-mail: [email protected] www.water.rutgers.edu
Nonstructural Low Impact Development Strategies
New Jersey Regulations
• NJDEP – Stormwater Management Rules • NJDEP – Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System (MS4) Permitting Rules • Municipal stormwater management plans and ordinances • Residential Site Improvement Standards Stormwater Management • Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs)
• • • •
Minimize impervious cover Minimize disturbance Maximize vegetation, minimize lawns Pollutant Reduction – Minimize vegetation that needs fertilizers – Trash racks and receptacles
1
Groundwater Recharge • Groundwater Recharge: Infiltrated water that is not evapotranspired • Groundwater shall not be recharged in areas with high pollutant loading • Waiver available for urban redevelopment • Groundwater Criteria: – Maintain existing (100%) average annual groundwater recharge OR – Infiltrate the increase in runoff volume for the 2-year storm event
Critical Issue Question: How can we develop property without increasing Non-Point Source (NPS) loads while maintaining groundwater recharge ?
Answers: Advanced Best Management Practices (BMPs)
The Traditional Approach • Design Dry Detention Basin that: Treat Water Quality Storm (1.25” rain over 24 hours) Detain for 18 hours (residential) or 36 hours (commercial) Minimum outflow orifice = 3 inches Use Concrete Low Flow Channels to Minimize Erosion
The Traditional Detention Basin
2
The New Approach •
•
•
•
Combines settling of detention basin with physical filtering and absorption processes Provides very high pollutant removal efficiencies More aesthetically pleasing than conventional detention basins Can be incorporated into the landscapes of individual homes
Rain Gardens (Bioretention Basins)
Rain Gardens (Bioretention Basins) •
•
•
•
Landscaped areas that treat stormwater runoff. Designed to merge two important goals: aesthetics and water quality. Can be blended into the landscape and made to look natural. Water is directed into them by pipes, swales, or curb openings.
Rain Gardens (Bioretention Basins)
3
Rain Gardens/Bioretention Systems
NJDEP. 2004. NJ Stormwater BMP Manual.
4
Pollutant Removal Mechanisms • Absorption to soil particles Removes dissolved metals and soluble NOTE: 90% of all storm phosphorus events produce less than • Plant uptake 1 inch of rain. Therefore, Removes small amounts of nutrients the key to reducing pollutant loads is to treat • Microbial processes the runoff associated with Removes organics and pathogens the first 1 inch of rain • Exposure to sunlight and dryness (Claytor & Schueler, Removes pathogens 1996). • Infiltration of runoff Provides flood control, groundwater recharge, and nutrient removal • Sedimentation and filtration Removes total suspended solids, floating debris, trash, soil-bound phosphorus, some soil-bound pathogens
5
Cross-Section Rain Garden - Bioretention Basin
Bioretention Basin – Expected Infiltration 0 Hours
BASIN SLOPE
12” ponding depth
NATIVE PLANTINGS
6 Hours
4 IN. MULCH LAYER
9” ponding depth 3” infiltration f 2.5 – 3 FT. PLANTING SOIL BED (MIN. PERMEABILITY 0.5 IN. PER HOUR)
12 Hours 6” ponding depth 6” infiltration
12 IN. SAND BED 12 IN. GRAVEL BED 4 IN. PERF. PVC PIPE FILTER FABRIC
Pollutant Removal Rate Comparison
Bioretention Basin – Expected Infiltration
Detention Basin – (Detain 1.25” storm for 12 hours)
1 Day No Standing Water
Bioretention Basin - (exfiltrate 1” runoff volume/impervious acre) RAIN GARDEN/ PARAMETER DETENTION BASIN BIORETENTION BASIN PROBABLE RANGE PROBABLE RANGE
2 Days 12” infiltration
No Standing Water
3 Days No Standing Water 24” infiltration 36” infiltration
Suspended Solids
70% to 90%
90%
Total Phosphorus
10% to 60%
70% to 83%
Total Nitrogen
20% to 60%
68% to 80%
BOD
30% to 40%
60% to 80%
Lead
20% to 60%
93% to 98%
Zinc
40 % to 60%
93% to 98%
Hydrocarbons
60% to 77%
90%
6
Bioretention Basin
Design of Backyard Rain Gardens
Rain Garden Placement
Rain Garden Schematic
• The rain garden should be at least 10 feet from the house so infiltrating water doesn’t seep into the foundation. • Do not place the rain garden directly over a septic system system. • Do not put rain garden in places where the water already ponds. • Place in full or partial sunlight. • Select a flat part of the yard for easier digging.
7
Rain Garden Placement
Rain Garden Plans
http://clean-water.uwex.edu/pubs/raingarden/rgmanual.pdf
Depth • Between four and eight inches deep • Depth depends upon lawn slope – If the slope is less than 4%, it is easiest to build a 3 to 5-inch deep rain garden garden. – If the slope is between 5 and 7%, it is easiest to build one 6 to 7 inches deep. – If the slope is between 8 and 12%, it is easiest to build one about 8 inches deep.
Other Considerations • Is the soil type suitable? – percolation test/infiltration test – texture test/soil type test • Is the rain garden able to handle the drainage area? – if not, consider multiple rain gardens
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Size of the Rain Garden
Example in Sizing Problem:
• The size of the rain garden is a function of volume of runoff to be treated and recharged. • Typically, a rain garden is sized to handle the water quality design storm: 1.25 inches of rain over two hours.
How big does a rain garden need to be to treat the stormwater runoff from my driveway? d i ?
• A typical residential rain garden ranges from 100 to 300 square feet.
Example in Sizing 25
50
Driveway
25
House
50 10
Driveway Area 50' x 15' = 750 square feet 25' x 10' = 250 square feet Total Area = 1,000 square feet
15
One-Quarter of the Roof 25' x 12.5' = 312.5 square feet
• Drainage Area = 1,000 square feet • 1.25 inches of rain = 0.1 feet of rain • 1,000 sq. ft. x 0.1 ft. = 100 cubic feet of water for the design g storm • Let’s design a rain garden that is 6 inches deep
Answer: 10 ft wide x 20 ft long = 200 square feet
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Rain Garden Sizing Table for NJ’s Water Quality Design Storm Area of Impervious Surface to be Treated (ft2)
Size of 6” deep Rain Garden (ft2) or [w x d]
Size of 12” deep Rain Garden (ft2) or [w x d]
500
100 or 10’x10’
50 or 10’x5’
750
150 or 15’x10’
75 or 10’x7½’
1,000
200 or 20’x10’
100 or 10’x10’
1,500
300 or 30’x10’
150 or 15’x10’
2,000
400 or 20’x20’
200 or 20’x10’
How much water does this treat? • 90% of rainfall events are less than 1.25” • New Jersey has approx. 44” of rain per year • The rain garden will treat and recharge: 0.9 x 44” = 40”/year = 3.3 ft/year • The rain garden receives runoff from 1 1,000 000 sq sq.ft. ft • Total volume treated and recharged by the rain garden is 1,000 sq. ft. x 3.3 ft. = 3,300 cubic feet, which is 25,000 gallons per year • Build 40 of these and we have treated and recharged 1,000,000 gallons of water per year!
Rain Garden: Maintenance Issues • Repair planting soil bed if erosion occurs. • Core aerate or cultivate unvegetated areas annually if surface becomes clogged with fine sediments. • Apply mulch twice per year until groundcover establishes. • Replace dead or diseased plant material. • Inspect/remove any sediment buildup/trash/leaves at inflow and outflow devices on monthly basis. • Do NOT fertilize – unless you do a soil test!
10
Maplewood, MN Example Rain Gardens Offer Stormwater Control • Community chose rain gardens to improve drainage in older neighborhoods instead of curb and gutter drainage systems • Two block pilot project resulted in no runoff from the neighborhood – 100% stormwater control • City offers three standard garden sizes: 12’x24’, 10’x20’ and 8’x16’ 10’x20’, • And seven different garden themes: Easy shrub garden, Easy daylily garden, Sunny garden, Sunny border garden, Butterflies and friends gardens, MN Prairie garden, and Shady garden. • Gardens designed to catch 1/2” of rain. • Gardens cost 75 to 85% of traditional curbs and gutters.
Rain Gardens in NJ? • Gardens should be designed to catch 1.25” of rain. • Maximum water depth should range from 6 to 12” • Size should be 3 to 10% of contributing watershed (e.g., a 1,250 sq. ft. house footprint – 125 sq. ft. garden that has a maximum water depth of 1 ft.) • Install an underdrain system where soils are not suitable for infiltration • Double shredded hardwood mulch 4” thick
Rain Garden Plantings
Rain Garden Plantings
Blue Flag Iris Swamp Milkweed Cardinal
Bee Balm
Flower Soft Rush Photos by Linda Brazaitis
Bald Cypress
Shasta Daisy
11
Conclusions
Frequently Asked Questions:
• Rain gardens (bioretention basins) provide extremely high levels of stormwater treatment.
Q: I have a wet spot behind my house; would this be a good place for a rain garden?
• These systems design will detain runoff from 1 inch or smaller storms (90% of all rainfall) for several days.
A: No, a rain garden is suppose to drain after 24 hours. Q: Can I put plants in my berm? A: Yes.
• These designs will provide mechanisms for stormwater temperature decreases. • The plant material (trees and shrubs) within the basins will provide diversity in the landscape and wildlife habitat. • New stringent stormwater treatment requirements may be satisfied using rain gardens and bioretention basins. • They are aesthetically pleasing and easily incorporated into the landscape.
Q: Will RCE come out and build my rain garden for me? A: How much money do you have? Only, kidding. We will provide some level of technical support. Q: What about deer? A: We recommend purchasing an SUV (Hybrid of course) and driving very fast on the back roads at night. Or you can use fencing or deer resistant plants or deer retardant sprays.
12
Frequently Asked Questions: Q: Do I need to fertilize? A: You should only fertilize during the initial planting and only according to the county soil test kit results. Q: Do I need to water? A: Yes. Frequently during the first year. Especially the first few months after p planting g (p (particularly y if it is in the middle of the summer). Q: What if some plants die? A: Younger plants will be more susceptible to drowning if they are immersed in standing water for too long. As a rule of thumb, place the most water tolerant plants near the water’s entrance to the garden. Replace the dead plants with larger cuttings or a species that you know has survived.
Frequently Asked Questions:
Frequently Asked Questions: Q: How do I know if my soil is suitable for a rain garden? A: Do a perc test or an infiltration test. If the infiltration rate is at least one inch per hour, you are good to go! Q: Can I build my rain garden in clay soils? A: Yes, but there are some additional measures to take:
increase the area and decrease the depth
make k sure the th clay l layer l is i dry d (otherwise ( th i shovels h l will ill seall pores)
Add soil amendments (using your rototiller)
Replace the first 2 feet (below the ponding area) with sandy loam soil. You can create your own by obtaining “bank run” sand from a nursery. DO NOT USE MASON OR BALL FIELD SAND.
Mix in 3 inches of compost at the top
Ewing Demonstration Rain Garden
Q: How do I slow down the speed of water as it enters the garden? A: (1) Attach a perforated plastic diffuser to the end of your roof leader (2) Use river rock at the entrance point (3) Site your rain garden with a 10 – 15 foot grass buffer between it and the roof leader. Use native grasses and let them grow tall. Q: What do I do with my existing grass before starting the rain garden?
PROPOSED RAIN GARDEN
A: A two options: (1) Kill the grass with herbicide beforehand or (2) Remove the turf as sod pieces. You can reuse it on your berm or another area of your yard.
13
Ewing Demonstration Rain Garden PROPOSED RAIN GARDEN
Jeremiah D. Bergstrom, LLA, ASLA Water Resources Program Rutgers Cooperative Extension Phone: 732-932-9800 x6126 E-mail: [email protected] www.water.rutgers.edu
14
Demonstration Rain Garden Ewing Independent Living
Ewing Township Green Team
October 3, 2011
EwingIndependentLiving 1015WhiteheadRoadExtension 1015 Whitehead Road Extension Ewing,NJ
ProposedRainGardenProject
ProjectLocation
PROPOSED RAINGARDEN (200– 250SQ.FT.)
Rain Garden Site RainGardenSite DOWNSPOUTTOFLOW TORAINGARDEN
PROPOSED RAINGARDEN
Demonstration Rain Garden Municipal Fields along Upper Ferry Road
Ewing Township Green Team
October 3, 2011
Municipal Recreation Fields – Upper Ferry Road
PROPOSED RAIN GARDEN
Ewing Demonstration Rain Municipal Recreation Fields – Upper Ferry Road Garden PROPOSED RAIN GARDEN LOCATION
Demonstration Rain Garden St. James/Incarnation School (not yet installed)
Ewing Township Green Team
October 3, 2011
Incarnation– St.James 1555PenningtonRoad 1555 Pennington Road Ewing,NJ ProposedRainGardenProject
Project Location ProjectLocation
STORMWATER FLOW
PROPOSED RAINGARDEN (600SQ.FT.)
Rain Garden Site RainGardenSite
PROPOSED RAINGARDEN
Vendor Invoices
Ewing Township Green Team
October 3, 2011
Christopher C. Obropta, Ph.D., P.E.
http://www.water.rutgers.edu
Extension Specialist, Water Resources
[email protected]
Department of Environmental Sciences
732- -
School of Environmental and Biological
Fax: 732- -
Sciences Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey 14 College Farm Road New Brunswick
INVOICE
May 16, 2011
TO:
John Hoegl, Chair Ewing Township Green Team 2 Jake Garzio Drive Ewing, NJ 08628
Project:
Ewing Rain Garden Technical Assistance and Water Conservation Education Program
Total Cost:
$1,500.00
Description:
Conducted extension programs in Ewing Township. Water Conservation Education/Rain Barrel Workshop 1 – 3/24/11 Rain Garden Training Workshop – 4/26/11 Water Conservation Education/Rain Barrel Workshop 2 – 5/14/11
Please make the check payable to ‘Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey’ with an attached note reading ‘Attn: Chris Obropta.’ The check should be mailed to: Dr. Christopher C. Obropta Rutgers University Department of Environmental Sciences 14 College Farm Road New Brunswick, NJ 08901-8551 Thank you.
Christopher C. Obropta, Ph.D., P.E.
http://www.water.rutgers.edu
Extension Specialist, Water Resources
[email protected]
Department of Environmental Sciences
732-932-9800, ext. 6209
School of Environmental and Biological
Fax: 732-932-8644
Sciences Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey 14 College Farm Road New Brunswick
INVOICE
September 23, 2011
TO:
John Hoegl, Chair Ewing Township Green Team 2 Jake Garzio Drive Ewing, NJ 08628
Project:
Ewing Rain Garden Technical Assistance and Water Conservation Education Program
Total Cost:
$2,000.00
Description:
Conducted extension programs in Ewing Township. Design and Installation of two (2) Demonstration Rain Gardens
Please make the check payable to ‘Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey’ with an attached note reading ‘Attn: Chris Obropta.’ The check should be mailed to: Dr. Christopher C. Obropta Rutgers University Department of Environmental Sciences 14 College Farm Road New Brunswick, NJ 08901-8551 Thank you.
Phone: 609-737-5713 Fax: 609-737-8905
Online: www.gregslandscaping.com Email: [email protected]
Proposal
Date: 9/15/2011 Proposal Submitted To:
Service Address:
Ewing Township 2 Jake Garzio Drive Ewing, NJ 08618
Ewing Township 136 Scotch Rd. Ewing, NJ 08618
We hereby propose to furnish the materials and perform the labor necessary for the completion of: Description
Qty
U/M
Rate
Total
Ewing Independent Living
Greg's Landscaping to Donate: Assist in installing downspout connections Provide equipment & operator to excavate Remove & dispose of excess soil (limited) Replant existing Arborvitae Materials listed below will be supplied at wholesale rate or our cost: Coarse Sand Compost Mulch
1 2 3
28.99 22.99 18.99
28.99 45.98 56.97
Total All material is guaranteed to be as specified above and work will be performed in a professional manner in accordance with any drawings or specifications previously submitted and detailed above. Unless otherwise specified above, payment is due in full within 10 days of invoice date.
This proposal may be withdrawn by us if not accepted within 30 days of proposal date.
Respectfully submitted: Gregory Garnich Owner, Gregs Landscaping
Thank you for this opportunity to provide a quote for your business.
Acceptance of Proposal The above prices, specifications, and conditions are satisfactory and are hereby accepted. You are authorized to do the work as specified. Payment will be made as outlined above. Signature: _____________________________ Date: _______________________ Signature: _____________________________
Page 1
Phone: 609-737-5713 Fax: 609-737-8905
Online: www.gregslandscaping.com Email: [email protected]
Proposal
Date: 9/15/2011 Proposal Submitted To:
Service Address:
Ewing Township 2 Jake Garzio Drive Ewing, NJ 08618
Ewing Township 136 Scotch Rd. Ewing, NJ 08618
We hereby propose to furnish the materials and perform the labor necessary for the completion of: Description
Clethra Plants IIex Inkberry Plants Turtlehead Plants Switchgrass Plants Softrush Plants Bluestem Plants Cardinal Flower Blueflag Iris plants New York Aster Blue Lobelia
Qty
U/M
3 Gallon 3 Gallon 1 Gallon 1 Gallon 1 Gallon 1 Gallon 1 Gallon 1 Gallon 1Gallon 1 Gallon
Fuel
Rate
Total
3 5 7 2 7 2 5 5 5 5
12.00 11.50 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00
36.00 57.50 84.00 24.00 84.00 24.00 60.00 60.00 60.00 60.00
15
4.20
63.00
7.00%
0.00
**Any additional materials extra Tax Exempt (Must provide documentation) Sales Tax
Total
$744.44
All material is guaranteed to be as specified above and work will be performed in a professional manner in accordance with any drawings or specifications previously submitted and detailed above. Unless otherwise specified above, payment is due in full within 10 days of invoice date.
This proposal may be withdrawn by us if not accepted within 30 days of proposal date.
Respectfully submitted: Gregory Garnich Owner, Gregs Landscaping
Thank you for this opportunity to provide a quote for your business.
Acceptance of Proposal The above prices, specifications, and conditions are satisfactory and are hereby accepted. You are authorized to do the work as specified. Payment will be made as outlined above. Signature: _____________________________ Date: _______________________ Signature: _____________________________
Page 2
Phone: 609-737-5713 Fax: 609-737-8905
Online: www.gregslandscaping.com Email: [email protected]
Proposal
Date: 9/29/2011 Proposal Submitted To:
Service Address:
Ewing Township 2 Jake Garzio Drive Ewing, NJ 08618
Ewing Township 136 Scotch Rd. Ewing, NJ 08618
We hereby propose to furnish the materials and perform the labor necessary for the completion of: Description
Qty
U/M
Rate
Total
Ewing Recreation Field Excavating Hauling (20 cu.yds.) ** Pricing is per load
8 2
87.50 105.00
700.00 210.00
3 12 2 1 35 3 3
39.49 18.99 28.99 22.99 3.00 140.00 210.00
118.47 227.88 57.98 22.99 105.00 420.00 630.00
Supply Only River Gravel (cu.yds) 3" - 5" Size Mulch (cu.yds) Coarse Sand (cu.yds) Compost (cu.yds) Disposal of fill material River Birch (supply & install) 8' - 10' Red Maple (supply & install) 2.5" - 3" cc
Total All material is guaranteed to be as specified above and work will be performed in a professional manner in accordance with any drawings or specifications previously submitted and detailed above. Unless otherwise specified above, payment is due in full within 10 days of invoice date.
This proposal may be withdrawn by us if not accepted within 30 days of proposal date.
Respectfully submitted: Gregory Garnich Owner, Gregs Landscaping
Thank you for this opportunity to provide a quote for your business.
Acceptance of Proposal The above prices, specifications, and conditions are satisfactory and are hereby accepted. You are authorized to do the work as specified. Payment will be made as outlined above. Signature: _____________________________ Date: _______________________ Signature: _____________________________
Page 1
Phone: 609-737-5713 Fax: 609-737-8905
Online: www.gregslandscaping.com Email: [email protected]
Proposal
Date: 9/29/2011 Proposal Submitted To:
Service Address:
Ewing Township 2 Jake Garzio Drive Ewing, NJ 08618
Ewing Township 136 Scotch Rd. Ewing, NJ 08618
We hereby propose to furnish the materials and perform the labor necessary for the completion of: Description
Qty
U/M
Rate
Total
Supply Only Bayberry Bush Boneset Plants Wild Bergamont Plants Red Twig dogwood Tree New England Aster Plants Ironweed Plants Swamp Milkweed Plants Big Bluestem Plants Cardinal Flower Plants Joe-Pye Weed Plants Blue Lobelia Plants Coreopsis Plants Blue Flag Iris Plants Soft Rush Plants Switchgrass Plants Cleththra Alnifolia Plants
3 Gallon 1 Gallon 1 Gallon 3 Gallon 1 Gallon 1 Gallon 1 Gallon 2 Gallon 1 Gallon 1 Gallon 1 Gallon 1 Gallon 1 Gallon 1 Gallon 1 Gallon 1 Gallon
7 5 7 4 5 5 5 3 5 5 7 7 7 15 10 8
12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00
84.00 60.00 84.00 48.00 60.00 60.00 60.00 36.00 60.00 60.00 84.00 84.00 84.00 180.00 120.00 96.00
Total All material is guaranteed to be as specified above and work will be performed in a professional manner in accordance with any drawings or specifications previously submitted and detailed above. Unless otherwise specified above, payment is due in full within 10 days of invoice date.
This proposal may be withdrawn by us if not accepted within 30 days of proposal date.
Respectfully submitted: Gregory Garnich Owner, Gregs Landscaping
Thank you for this opportunity to provide a quote for your business.
Acceptance of Proposal The above prices, specifications, and conditions are satisfactory and are hereby accepted. You are authorized to do the work as specified. Payment will be made as outlined above. Signature: _____________________________ Date: _______________________ Signature: _____________________________
Page 2
Phone: 609-737-5713 Fax: 609-737-8905
Online: www.gregslandscaping.com Email: [email protected]
Proposal
Date: 9/29/2011 Proposal Submitted To:
Service Address:
Ewing Township 2 Jake Garzio Drive Ewing, NJ 08618
Ewing Township 136 Scotch Rd. Ewing, NJ 08618
We hereby propose to furnish the materials and perform the labor necessary for the completion of: Description Turtlehead Plants Little Bluestem Plants
Qty
U/M
1 Gallon 3 Gallon
Pick-up and delivery Administrative Fee Tax Exempt (Must provide documentation) Sales Tax
Rate
Total
5 13
12.00 12.00
60.00 156.00
5 2
75.00 60.00
375.00 120.00
7.00%
0.00
Total
$4,463.32
All material is guaranteed to be as specified above and work will be performed in a professional manner in accordance with any drawings or specifications previously submitted and detailed above. Unless otherwise specified above, payment is due in full within 10 days of invoice date.
This proposal may be withdrawn by us if not accepted within 30 days of proposal date.
Respectfully submitted: Gregory Garnich Owner, Gregs Landscaping
Thank you for this opportunity to provide a quote for your business.
Acceptance of Proposal The above prices, specifications, and conditions are satisfactory and are hereby accepted. You are authorized to do the work as specified. Payment will be made as outlined above. Signature: _____________________________ Date: _______________________ Signature: _____________________________
Page 3
The second build-a-rain barrel workshop was held Saturday, May 14th at Abiding Presence Lutheran Church on Route 31 in Ewing. The workshop offered two separate sessions held at9AM-11AM and 12PM-2PM. Combined the workshop sessions had thirty-five participants plus family members, who assembled forty-eight rain barrels. This second workshop was coordinated with surrounding municipalities and served as a regional opportunity for Mercer County residents and included support from the NJDEP Watershed Ambassadors (see attached advertisement, registrant list, and photos).
Ewing Township Green Team
October 3, 2011
A Sustainable Landscaping Techniques seminar was presented on Tuesday, April 26, 2011 at the Ewing Branch of the Mercer County Library System, with ten Ewing residents in attendance. The workshop provided attendees with the information needed to design and build rain gardens at their homes and reduce the impact landscape maintenance practices have on the environment (see attached presentation materials). Attendees were also able to purchase copies of the award-winning Rain Garden Manual of New Jersey at a reduced cost. Innovative Demonstration Projects (Rain Garden Designs and Installations) Two rain garden demonstration projects were successfully completed as part of the Green Team’s efforts under this grant project. With technical support from the RCE Water Resources Program a residential scale rain garden disconnecting rooftop runoff as well as a commercial/institutional scale rain garden managing parking lot runoff were designed and installed. The first demonstration rain garden completed is located at Ewing Independent Living Whitehead Road Extension in Ewing Township. This project routes stormwater from an existing downspout capturing rooftop runoff into a 250 square foot rain garden. The rain garden was designed to serve as an example for Township residents to use when considering rooftop disconnection at their homes (see attached design plan and photos).
Ewing Township Green Team
October 3, 2011
The second demonstration rain garden was installed to manage stormwater runoff from parking areas near the Municipal Recreation Fields/Complex on Upper Ferry Road (see attached aerial photograph and design plan). This rain garden is over 500 square feet in size and serves as an example for institutions and commercial business on best management practice techniques for protecting water quality in local waterways.
Two additional rain garden sites were evaluated but project partners were unable to finalize logistics to complete the efforts. The Green Team is continuing to pursue these opportunities and will use the two successfully completed rain gardens as examples to help secure necessary support and partnerships for the work. The additional rain garden opportunity sites include Ewing Senior and Community Center on Lower Ferry Road and at Incarnation School. A site was identified at the Community Center property but designs could not be finalized as additional site construction and paving work is scheduled but not yet completed. Partners have established a working relationship with Township officials and County officials involved with the construction efforts and hope to be able to continue developing a rain garden demonstration project at this highly visible site (see attached aerial photograph). The final rain garden demonstration site identified through the work of the Green Team is located at Incarnation School and St. James Parish. The rain garden would capture, filter, and treat runoff from a large parking area managing stormwater on-site prior to flowing into the nearby waterway (see attached plan). Initial contacts were made but a final partnership was not able to be established. Green Team members and Incarnation School Alumni hope to continue discussions with the School and Parish so that the project can move forward in the future.
Ewing Township Green Team
October 3, 2011
Expenditures to Date: Rain Barrel Workshop Advertisement in Ewing Observer (March 2011)
$269.00
Rutgers Water Resources Program Invoice #1 (educational programs) *
$1,500.00
Rutgers Water Resources Program Invoice #2 (rain garden support) *
$2,000.00
Greg’s Landscaping Invoice (Rain Garden @ Ewing Independent Living) * Supplies/Materials (Plants, soil amendments, mulch, stone)
$744.44
Labor (excavation and soil removal)
IN-KIND
Greg’s Landscaping Invoice (Rain Garden @ Municipal Recreation Fields) * Supplies/Materials (Plants, soil amendments, mulch, stone)
$3,058.32
Labor (excavation and soil removal)
$1,405.00
PROJECT TOTAL
$8,976.76
*Copies of vendor invoices for project expenses attached
Ewing Township Green Team
October 3, 2011
EWING GREEN TEAM
RAIN GARDEN DEMONSTRATION PROJECT AND WATER CONSERVATION EDUCATION PROGRAM The formation of a “Green Team” is the first step in establishing a community sustainability program. Green Teams leverage the skills and expertise of team members to develop plans, implement programs, and assist with educational opportunities that support the creation of a sustainable community. The role of the Ewing Green Team is to lead and coordinate sustainability activities for the township. The Rutgers Cooperative Extension Water Resources Program is working with the Ewing Green Team to develop educational workshops giving township residents the opportunity to not only learn about how to be better stewards of our environment, but to also have a hands-on opportunity to take the first steps towards building a sustainable community.
What is a Rain Barrel? Reduce Stormwater Runoff A rain barrel allows you to capture and reuse water on your own property and reduce the amount of water that goes onto the road. Roadways accumulate a mixture of sediment, litter, fertilizers, pesticides, animal waster and other contaminants that can be washed into nearby waterways.
WHAT IS STORMWATER RUNOFF?
Healthy Water for Your Plants Rainwater has no added chemicals, is usually soft and free of dissolved minerals. This untreated water is great for your indoor plants, your garden and lawn, washing your car, and your birdbaths.
Stormwater is rainwater that has landed on the ground. It can either infiltrate into the soil, evaporate into the air, or flow over the land as runoff. As the runoff flows over paved streets, parking lots, and building rooftops, it accumulates debris, chemicals, sediment or other pollutants that could adversely affect water quality if the runoff is discharged untreated to a waterbody.
Conservation of Water A public or private water supply is a limited resource, especially in times of drought. So, make the most of the rain and capture some of it to reuse on your own property.
Rain Garden Demonstration Project The Ewing Township Green Team through its Rain Garden Committee has assessed sites throughout the Township and identified potential rain garden opportunities. Ewing Township, with support from the Rutgers Cooperative Extension Water Resources Program, will prepare design and construction plans for three rain gardens in Ewing Township. The designs will focus on capturing and infiltrating stormwater runoff from the first inch of rainfall and use New Jersey native plant species that require little irrigation and maintenance once established.
Save Money Why pay to water your property with tap water when you can collect hundreds of gallons per year at no cost? You can install several rain barrels at your home to increase your savings.
Parts of a Rain Garden:
BUFFER
The buffer surrounds a rain garden, slows down the flow of water into the rain garden, filters out sediment, and provides absorption of pollutants in stormwater runoff.
Downspout (connects to gutter) DEPRESSION
PLANTING SOIL LAYER
The depression is the area of the rain garden that slopes down into the ponding area. It serves as a holding area and stores runoff awaiting treatment and infiltration.
This layer is usually native soil. It is best to conduct a soil test of the area checking the nutrient levels and pH to ensure adequate plant growth.
ORGANIC MATTER INLET
Water Conservation Educational Programs The Rutgers Cooperative Extension Water Resources Program has developed the Stormwater Management in Your Backyard (SWMIYB) extension education program to address nonpoint source pollution by training homeowners and landscape professionals throughout New Jersey about stormwater best management practices (BMPs). Specifically, rain gardens have been identified as a cost effective BMP that can be readily implemented by homeowners, as well as by landscape professionals, to quickly achieve reductions in runoff volume and nutrient loading. The educational components of the SWMIYB program have resulted in a greater interest in and understanding of the water resources issues facing our State’s watersheds. Over the last few years, RCE has worked through grant partnerships to deliver these programs to local communities throughout New Jersey.
Impact The overall project goal is to implement an educational and training program within Ewing Township that will change the behavior of residents, officials, municipal employees, and contractors while implementing best management practices that will reduce nutrients and sediment in stormwater runoff and conserve potable drinking water. Educational materials developed and used for this program will be distributed to all participants as well as made available through the Ewing Township Website. Signage will be placed at rain garden locations informing visitors about rain gardens and directing them to additional information resources.
The inlet is the location where stormwater enters the rain garden. Stones are often used to slow down the water flow and prevent erosion.
Below the ponding area is the organic matter, such as compost and a 3 layer of triple shredded hardwood mulch. The mulch acts as a filter and provides a home to microorganisms that break down pollutants.
PONDING AREA
The ponding area is the lowest, deepest visible area of the rain garden. The ponding area should be level so that the maximum amount of water can be filtered and infiltrated. It is very important that this area drains within 24 hours to avoid problems with stagnant water that can become mosquito breeding habitat.
BERM
The berm is a constructed mound, or bank of earth, that acts as a barrier to control, slowdown, and contain the stormwater in the rain garden. The berm can be vegetated and/ or mulched.
SAND BED
If drainage is a problem, a sand bed may be necessary to improve drainage. Adding a layer of coarse sand (also known as bank run sand or concrete sand) will increase air space and promote infiltration. It is important that sand used in the rain garden is not play box sand or mason sand as these fine sands are not coarse enough to improve h infiltration and may impede drainage.
Flexible Downspout (plastic)
Inlet
OVERFLOW
The overflow (outlet) area serves as a way for stormwater to exit the rain garden during larger rain events. An overflow notch can be used as a way to direct the stormwater exiting the rain garden to a particular area surrounding the rain garden.
Overflow
Rain Barrel (55 gallons)
What is a Rain Garden? A rain garden is a landscaped, shallow depression that is designed to intercept, treat, and infiltrate stormwater at the source before it becomes runoff. The plants used in the rain garden are native to the region and help retain pollutants that could otherwise harm nearby waterways. Can be placed in strategic areas around the home landscape to capture rainfall and roof and impervious runoff Use native plants that are water and climate tolerant Help control stormwater and nonpoint source pollution while adding to the aesthetics of the landscape
Faucet Platform (elevated & level)
For more information contact: Christopher C. Obropta, Ph.D., P.E. Extension Specialist Rutgers Cooperative Extension Water Resources Program phone: (732) 932-9800 ext. 6209 email: [email protected] website: www.water.rutgers.edu
Rain Barrel Workshops
Ewing Township Green Team
October 3, 2011
BUILD A RAIN BARREL WORKSHOP Thursday, March 24, 2011 6:00PM-8:30PM
A rain barrel is placed under a gutter’s downspout next to a house to collect rain water from the roof. The barrel holds about 50 gallons of water which can be used to water your lawn, flowers, shrubs, and trees.
Ewing Township Senior & Community Center 999 Lower Ferry Road Ewing, NJ 08628 For registration ($45 per barrel) and more information about rain barrels, please visit www.water.rutgers.edu
Rain barrels sell at “Big Box” stores for $125 or more. The fee for this workshop is $45, which includes the barrel and all the materials. Rain water harvesting can help save money on your water bill, prevent basement flooding, and reduce flooding in local rivers and streams. Participants will be shown step by step how to build their own rain barrel and learn how to install it at home.
ThisworkshopispartofaresearchprojectconductedbyRutgersCooperativeExtensiontodeterminewhetherrainbarrels encourageadoptionofotherenvironmentalbestmanagementpracticesbyresidents.Participationisvoluntaryandisopento allNewJerseyresidents.ForfurtherinformationcontactSaraMellor7329329800x6163[email protected]
Ewing Rain Barrel Workshop March 24, 2011 Registration and Participants
Last Name
First Name
Address
City, State, Zip
Phone Number
Email Address
Number of Rain Barrels
Baker
Cora
18 Van Saun Drive
Ewing, NJ 08628
609-530-1656 [email protected]
One
Falcone
April
11 Currier Way
609 802 8894 [email protected]
One
LECZYCKI
DARIUS
8 VILLAGE CT
8628 HAMILTON, NJ, 08690
Coleman
Ellen
521 Maple Ave.
Ewing, NJ 08618
609 883-2671 [email protected]
One
Westervelt
Lisa
2137 Pennington Rd Ewing, NJ, 08638
609-771-0633 [email protected]
One
Gurwitz
Eileen
247 Clamer Road
609-883-2361 [email protected]
One
Casey Stutzman
Patricia M Rachel
778 Lower Ferry Rd Ewing 1613 8th St. Ewing
Lucero
Joaquin
9 Barbara Lane
Titusville, NJ, 08560
609-540-0417 [email protected]
One
Brooks
Ray and Cindy
70 Colleen Circle
Ewing, NJ 08638
609-882-9171 [email protected]
Two
Aderhold
Tara
107 Jacob Court
609-581-5767 [email protected]
One
Gigiello
Barbara
18 Jean Drive
Hamilton, NJ, 08690 Hamilton SquareNJ 08690
609 439 3642 [email protected]
One
Fisher Malham
Marci Matthew
12 Fran Avenue 1058 River Rd
Ewing, NJ 08638 Ewing, NJ 08628
609-883-4553 [email protected] 609 504 4107 [email protected]
One One
Shaub
George
566 Cleardale Ave
Ewing, NJ 08618
609-538-0243 [email protected]
One
Servis
David
113 Jacobs Creek Rd
Ewing NJ 08628
609-406-1996 [email protected]
One
Schendlinger
Bill
20 Heather Drive
Ewing, NJ, 08638
609-771-9267 [email protected]
One
dettore Cahill
margie George
134 elmwood road 139 Central Ave
fairless hills, pa 19030 Ewing, NJ 08628
215-815-3341 [email protected] 609-882-5402 [email protected]
One One
Weaver
Victoria
20 Surrey Drive
Hamilton, NJ 08690
609-713-2990 [email protected]
Two
Pivovarnick
Rob
Hamilton, NJ 08690
609-713-2990 [email protected]
Two
Peoples
Judy
20 Surrey Drive 295 West Upper Ferry Rd
Ewing, NJ 08628
609-530-1255 [email protected]
Two
Wittkop
Elisa
24 Chelmsford Drive Ewing NJ 08618
609 273-4038 [email protected]
Two
Germano Hunkele Lynn
Ron and Sally Paula Steven
Rarich MsKeon Turnbull arnone Hollenbeck Van Wagner
Grace I. Karen & Brian Aimee allison Nicole & Kevin Mike
26 Chelmsford Drive 4 Stowman Drive 1008 River Road 12 Old Wash cross penn rd 111 Susan Drive 22 Riverview Drive 12 scudder road 115 Allison Ave 562 Cleardale Ave
Ewing, NJ, 08628
Ewing NJ 08618 Ewing Ewing, NJ, 08628 Titusville, NJ, 08560 Ewing, NJ, 08638 Ewing, NJ, 08628 ewing, nj 08628 Ewing, NJ, 08638 Ewing NJ 08618
6092402130 [email protected]
6094682210 [email protected] 6095389444 [email protected]
609671-1319 [email protected] 609-434-1230 [email protected] (609)883-8789 [email protected] 609-737-1492 609-902-6504 609.851.3361 609.637.0022 609-882-6111 609-771-1103
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
One
One One
Two One Two Two Two One One One one
Mercer County Build-a-Rain Barrel Workshop Savemoneyonyourwaterbillandprotectyourlocalstream!
When? Saturday,May14th,2011 911:30amor122:30pm
Where? AbidingPresenceLutheranChurch 2220NewJersey31,Ewing,NJ08638 Registrationisrequired($45perbarrel) Toregister,visit:www.water.rutgers.edu Foradditionalinformation,contact: SaraMellor7329329800x6163or [email protected]
Rainbarrelsareplacedundera gutter’s downspout next to a houseorbuildingtocollectrain waterfromtheroof.Theyhold about 50 gallons of water that can be used to water your lawn,flowers,shrubsortrees.
Rainwaterharvestingcanhelp save money on your water bill, prevent basement flooding, and reduce runoff intolocalriversandstreams. Participants will be shown stepbystephowtobuildtheir own rain barrel and will learn howtoinstallitathome. EwingTownship GreenTeam
This workshop is part of a research project conducted by Rutgers Cooperative Extension to determine whether rain barrels encourage adoption of other environmental best management practices by residents. Participation is voluntary and is open to all New Jersey residents.
Ewing/Mercer County Rain Barrel Workshop May 14, 2011 Registration and Participant List
First Name
Last Name
Address
Jesse
Blake
29 Huber Court
Cathy Pete & Judi David Kevin
Boje Boughton Boughton
19 Riviera Drive 119 Florence Ave 121 Florence Ave
City, State, Zip Hightstown, NJ 08520 Somerville, NJ 08876 Ewing, NJ 08618 Ewing, NJ 08618
Debra
Burd
115 Nursery Road
Titusville, NJ, 08560
Brielle
Burd
574 Howell Avenue
Ewing, NJ 08628
(941) 894-4434
[email protected]
1
George
Cahill
Ewing, NJ 08628
609-882-5402
[email protected]
2
Marc
Celentana
139 Central Ave 12 Woodhampton Drive
Van kathy Jose Wendy
Cotter czaihowski Diaz dunham
3 Woodfern 238 henry street 380 Egg Harbor Rd 12 vangogh ct.
Gloria J
Figueroa
Jim David
Gambino Gopal
2478 Old York Rd 40 Washington Crossing Rd 58 Corona Road
Ewing NJ 08628 hamilton,nj 08611 Sewell, NJ 08080 ewing, NJ 08618 Bordentown, NJ 08505 Pennington, NJ, 08534 8816
Grace
Gopal
Frederick
Gould
13 Decou Avenue 103 LawrencevillePennington Rd
Catherine
Gowen
34 Southern Way
michael
greco
Christina
Hartman
3 frederick lane 93 Mountainview Road
Pamela
Honak
Ewing
Phone Number
Email Address
Number of Barrels
7326823193 [email protected] 201-410-9436 609-771-9173 609-538-1752
2
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
6097376991 [email protected]
1 1 1 1
6093237058 [email protected]
1
6097122586 [email protected] [email protected] 609-599-9539 856-905-4881 [email protected] 609-882-2749 [email protected]
2 1 2 2
609-424-3626
[email protected]
1
609-818-1708 908 400 1849
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected] m
1 2
received check in mail
1 1
1
8628 609 771 4167 Lawrenceville, NJ 08648 Princeton, NJ 08540 609-921-8645
2
ewing, nj 08628
609 637 9686
[email protected] michaelgrecocabinetmaker@ gmail.com
Ewing, NJ 08628
609-771-0041
[email protected]
2
2
1
Sheena
Karpinski
10 Calvin Ave
Ewing, NJ 08618
609-658-6176
[email protected] m
Mandy
Leith
25 Mcadoo Ave
Trenton, NJ 08619
609-203-6698
[email protected]
1
Chris
McCloskey
174 Franklyn Rd.
609-977-7847
[email protected]
1
Mike
MCNAMARA 371 4TH STREET
Ewing, NJ 08628 JERSEY CITY NJ 07302
Desiree
Myers
182 Edinburg Rd
Hamilton, NJ 08619 609-414-6984
MIchael
10 Buckingham Ave trenton, NJ 08618
Pamela
Nalbone NielsenHornak
21 Patton Drive
Philip
Prassas
Marge
5167826584 [email protected]
2
[email protected]
1
609 392 0556
[email protected]
1
Ewing, NJ 08618
609-637-0553
[email protected]
1
Ewing, NJ 08618
609-915-9846
[email protected]
1
Stanford
15 Carlton Ave 552 Washington Ave.
6098826555 [email protected]
2
Jessica
Stephens
6 Frederick Ln
Ewing NJ 08628
609-902-0828
[email protected]
2
Tarry
Truitt
1771 Prospect Street Ewing, NJ 08638
609-844-1008
[email protected]
2
Candace
White
185 Liberty Rd.
Englewood
347 513 1835
Edith & Sue
Wilkinson
318 Sutherland Rd.
Ewing, NJ 08618
609-882-0097
Ron
Zasoski
510 Concord Ave.
Ewing, NJ 08618
609-538-8742
West Trenton
7631
1 1
[email protected]
1
Rain Garden Seminar
Ewing Township Green Team
October 3, 2011
You are invited to attend
Rain Gardens: a simple way to do your part to learn about sustainable landscaping techniques that easily can be done at home and in the community. Tuesday, April 26, 2011 from 6:00 to 8:00 pm Ewing Branch Library The Mercer County Library System 61 Scotch Road Ewing, NJ 08628 Phone: (609) 882-3130
This is a free seminar! Register online at:
www.water.rutgers.edu Copies of the NEW Rain Garden Manual of New Jersey will be available to attendees for $5.00! This workshop is sponsored by the Ewing Green
Team through a grant from Sustainable Jersey.
Rain Gardens
What is a Rain Garden? Rain Gardens: A Simple Way to Do Your Part Rutgers Cooperative Extension Water Resources Program
A rain garden is a landscaped, shallow depression that is designed to intercept, treat, and infiltrate stormwater at the source before it becomes runoff. The plants used in the rain garden are native to the g and help p retain p pollutants that could region otherwise harm nearby waterways.
Jeremiah Bergstrom, LLA, ASLA Phone: 732-932-9800 x6126 Email: [email protected]
www.water.rutgers.edu
Rain Gardens
Rain Gardens
Rain Gardens
Rain Garden Schematic
• Can be placed in strategic areas around the home landscape to capture rainfall and roof and impervious runoff • Use native plants that are water and climate tolerant • Help control stormwater and nonpoint source pollution while adding to the aesthetics of the landscape
1
Rain Gardens
Rain Gardens
Rain Garden Plans
Rain Gardens
Vegetation
2
Rain Gardens
Sumner School Rain Garden
3
Rain Gardens
Sumner School Rain Garden
Rain Gardens
Cherry Hill DPW Rain Garden
Rain Gardens
Cherry Hill DPW Rain Garden
Rain Gardens
Voorhees Lion Lake Rain Garden
4
Rain Gardens
Voorhees Lion Lake Rain Garden
Rain Gardens
Rain Gardens for Ewing… Rain Gardens for our Community!
Jeremiah Bergstrom, LLA, ASLA Phone: 732-932-9800 x6126 Email: [email protected] www.water.rutgers.edu
5
Rain Gardens: Are They the Answer? Ewing Community Education Program Ewing, NJ April 26, 2011
Jeremiah D. Bergstrom, LLA, ASLA Water Resources Program – Senior Project Manager
Rutgers Cooperative Extension Phone: 732-932-9800 ext. 6126 E-mail: [email protected] www.water.rutgers.edu
Nonstructural Low Impact Development Strategies
New Jersey Regulations
• NJDEP – Stormwater Management Rules • NJDEP – Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System (MS4) Permitting Rules • Municipal stormwater management plans and ordinances • Residential Site Improvement Standards Stormwater Management • Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs)
• • • •
Minimize impervious cover Minimize disturbance Maximize vegetation, minimize lawns Pollutant Reduction – Minimize vegetation that needs fertilizers – Trash racks and receptacles
1
Groundwater Recharge • Groundwater Recharge: Infiltrated water that is not evapotranspired • Groundwater shall not be recharged in areas with high pollutant loading • Waiver available for urban redevelopment • Groundwater Criteria: – Maintain existing (100%) average annual groundwater recharge OR – Infiltrate the increase in runoff volume for the 2-year storm event
Critical Issue Question: How can we develop property without increasing Non-Point Source (NPS) loads while maintaining groundwater recharge ?
Answers: Advanced Best Management Practices (BMPs)
The Traditional Approach • Design Dry Detention Basin that: Treat Water Quality Storm (1.25” rain over 24 hours) Detain for 18 hours (residential) or 36 hours (commercial) Minimum outflow orifice = 3 inches Use Concrete Low Flow Channels to Minimize Erosion
The Traditional Detention Basin
2
The New Approach •
•
•
•
Combines settling of detention basin with physical filtering and absorption processes Provides very high pollutant removal efficiencies More aesthetically pleasing than conventional detention basins Can be incorporated into the landscapes of individual homes
Rain Gardens (Bioretention Basins)
Rain Gardens (Bioretention Basins) •
•
•
•
Landscaped areas that treat stormwater runoff. Designed to merge two important goals: aesthetics and water quality. Can be blended into the landscape and made to look natural. Water is directed into them by pipes, swales, or curb openings.
Rain Gardens (Bioretention Basins)
3
Rain Gardens/Bioretention Systems
NJDEP. 2004. NJ Stormwater BMP Manual.
4
Pollutant Removal Mechanisms • Absorption to soil particles Removes dissolved metals and soluble NOTE: 90% of all storm phosphorus events produce less than • Plant uptake 1 inch of rain. Therefore, Removes small amounts of nutrients the key to reducing pollutant loads is to treat • Microbial processes the runoff associated with Removes organics and pathogens the first 1 inch of rain • Exposure to sunlight and dryness (Claytor & Schueler, Removes pathogens 1996). • Infiltration of runoff Provides flood control, groundwater recharge, and nutrient removal • Sedimentation and filtration Removes total suspended solids, floating debris, trash, soil-bound phosphorus, some soil-bound pathogens
5
Cross-Section Rain Garden - Bioretention Basin
Bioretention Basin – Expected Infiltration 0 Hours
BASIN SLOPE
12” ponding depth
NATIVE PLANTINGS
6 Hours
4 IN. MULCH LAYER
9” ponding depth 3” infiltration f 2.5 – 3 FT. PLANTING SOIL BED (MIN. PERMEABILITY 0.5 IN. PER HOUR)
12 Hours 6” ponding depth 6” infiltration
12 IN. SAND BED 12 IN. GRAVEL BED 4 IN. PERF. PVC PIPE FILTER FABRIC
Pollutant Removal Rate Comparison
Bioretention Basin – Expected Infiltration
Detention Basin – (Detain 1.25” storm for 12 hours)
1 Day No Standing Water
Bioretention Basin - (exfiltrate 1” runoff volume/impervious acre) RAIN GARDEN/ PARAMETER DETENTION BASIN BIORETENTION BASIN PROBABLE RANGE PROBABLE RANGE
2 Days 12” infiltration
No Standing Water
3 Days No Standing Water 24” infiltration 36” infiltration
Suspended Solids
70% to 90%
90%
Total Phosphorus
10% to 60%
70% to 83%
Total Nitrogen
20% to 60%
68% to 80%
BOD
30% to 40%
60% to 80%
Lead
20% to 60%
93% to 98%
Zinc
40 % to 60%
93% to 98%
Hydrocarbons
60% to 77%
90%
6
Bioretention Basin
Design of Backyard Rain Gardens
Rain Garden Placement
Rain Garden Schematic
• The rain garden should be at least 10 feet from the house so infiltrating water doesn’t seep into the foundation. • Do not place the rain garden directly over a septic system system. • Do not put rain garden in places where the water already ponds. • Place in full or partial sunlight. • Select a flat part of the yard for easier digging.
7
Rain Garden Placement
Rain Garden Plans
http://clean-water.uwex.edu/pubs/raingarden/rgmanual.pdf
Depth • Between four and eight inches deep • Depth depends upon lawn slope – If the slope is less than 4%, it is easiest to build a 3 to 5-inch deep rain garden garden. – If the slope is between 5 and 7%, it is easiest to build one 6 to 7 inches deep. – If the slope is between 8 and 12%, it is easiest to build one about 8 inches deep.
Other Considerations • Is the soil type suitable? – percolation test/infiltration test – texture test/soil type test • Is the rain garden able to handle the drainage area? – if not, consider multiple rain gardens
8
Size of the Rain Garden
Example in Sizing Problem:
• The size of the rain garden is a function of volume of runoff to be treated and recharged. • Typically, a rain garden is sized to handle the water quality design storm: 1.25 inches of rain over two hours.
How big does a rain garden need to be to treat the stormwater runoff from my driveway? d i ?
• A typical residential rain garden ranges from 100 to 300 square feet.
Example in Sizing 25
50
Driveway
25
House
50 10
Driveway Area 50' x 15' = 750 square feet 25' x 10' = 250 square feet Total Area = 1,000 square feet
15
One-Quarter of the Roof 25' x 12.5' = 312.5 square feet
• Drainage Area = 1,000 square feet • 1.25 inches of rain = 0.1 feet of rain • 1,000 sq. ft. x 0.1 ft. = 100 cubic feet of water for the design g storm • Let’s design a rain garden that is 6 inches deep
Answer: 10 ft wide x 20 ft long = 200 square feet
9
Rain Garden Sizing Table for NJ’s Water Quality Design Storm Area of Impervious Surface to be Treated (ft2)
Size of 6” deep Rain Garden (ft2) or [w x d]
Size of 12” deep Rain Garden (ft2) or [w x d]
500
100 or 10’x10’
50 or 10’x5’
750
150 or 15’x10’
75 or 10’x7½’
1,000
200 or 20’x10’
100 or 10’x10’
1,500
300 or 30’x10’
150 or 15’x10’
2,000
400 or 20’x20’
200 or 20’x10’
How much water does this treat? • 90% of rainfall events are less than 1.25” • New Jersey has approx. 44” of rain per year • The rain garden will treat and recharge: 0.9 x 44” = 40”/year = 3.3 ft/year • The rain garden receives runoff from 1 1,000 000 sq sq.ft. ft • Total volume treated and recharged by the rain garden is 1,000 sq. ft. x 3.3 ft. = 3,300 cubic feet, which is 25,000 gallons per year • Build 40 of these and we have treated and recharged 1,000,000 gallons of water per year!
Rain Garden: Maintenance Issues • Repair planting soil bed if erosion occurs. • Core aerate or cultivate unvegetated areas annually if surface becomes clogged with fine sediments. • Apply mulch twice per year until groundcover establishes. • Replace dead or diseased plant material. • Inspect/remove any sediment buildup/trash/leaves at inflow and outflow devices on monthly basis. • Do NOT fertilize – unless you do a soil test!
10
Maplewood, MN Example Rain Gardens Offer Stormwater Control • Community chose rain gardens to improve drainage in older neighborhoods instead of curb and gutter drainage systems • Two block pilot project resulted in no runoff from the neighborhood – 100% stormwater control • City offers three standard garden sizes: 12’x24’, 10’x20’ and 8’x16’ 10’x20’, • And seven different garden themes: Easy shrub garden, Easy daylily garden, Sunny garden, Sunny border garden, Butterflies and friends gardens, MN Prairie garden, and Shady garden. • Gardens designed to catch 1/2” of rain. • Gardens cost 75 to 85% of traditional curbs and gutters.
Rain Gardens in NJ? • Gardens should be designed to catch 1.25” of rain. • Maximum water depth should range from 6 to 12” • Size should be 3 to 10% of contributing watershed (e.g., a 1,250 sq. ft. house footprint – 125 sq. ft. garden that has a maximum water depth of 1 ft.) • Install an underdrain system where soils are not suitable for infiltration • Double shredded hardwood mulch 4” thick
Rain Garden Plantings
Rain Garden Plantings
Blue Flag Iris Swamp Milkweed Cardinal
Bee Balm
Flower Soft Rush Photos by Linda Brazaitis
Bald Cypress
Shasta Daisy
11
Conclusions
Frequently Asked Questions:
• Rain gardens (bioretention basins) provide extremely high levels of stormwater treatment.
Q: I have a wet spot behind my house; would this be a good place for a rain garden?
• These systems design will detain runoff from 1 inch or smaller storms (90% of all rainfall) for several days.
A: No, a rain garden is suppose to drain after 24 hours. Q: Can I put plants in my berm? A: Yes.
• These designs will provide mechanisms for stormwater temperature decreases. • The plant material (trees and shrubs) within the basins will provide diversity in the landscape and wildlife habitat. • New stringent stormwater treatment requirements may be satisfied using rain gardens and bioretention basins. • They are aesthetically pleasing and easily incorporated into the landscape.
Q: Will RCE come out and build my rain garden for me? A: How much money do you have? Only, kidding. We will provide some level of technical support. Q: What about deer? A: We recommend purchasing an SUV (Hybrid of course) and driving very fast on the back roads at night. Or you can use fencing or deer resistant plants or deer retardant sprays.
12
Frequently Asked Questions: Q: Do I need to fertilize? A: You should only fertilize during the initial planting and only according to the county soil test kit results. Q: Do I need to water? A: Yes. Frequently during the first year. Especially the first few months after p planting g (p (particularly y if it is in the middle of the summer). Q: What if some plants die? A: Younger plants will be more susceptible to drowning if they are immersed in standing water for too long. As a rule of thumb, place the most water tolerant plants near the water’s entrance to the garden. Replace the dead plants with larger cuttings or a species that you know has survived.
Frequently Asked Questions:
Frequently Asked Questions: Q: How do I know if my soil is suitable for a rain garden? A: Do a perc test or an infiltration test. If the infiltration rate is at least one inch per hour, you are good to go! Q: Can I build my rain garden in clay soils? A: Yes, but there are some additional measures to take:
increase the area and decrease the depth
make k sure the th clay l layer l is i dry d (otherwise ( th i shovels h l will ill seall pores)
Add soil amendments (using your rototiller)
Replace the first 2 feet (below the ponding area) with sandy loam soil. You can create your own by obtaining “bank run” sand from a nursery. DO NOT USE MASON OR BALL FIELD SAND.
Mix in 3 inches of compost at the top
Ewing Demonstration Rain Garden
Q: How do I slow down the speed of water as it enters the garden? A: (1) Attach a perforated plastic diffuser to the end of your roof leader (2) Use river rock at the entrance point (3) Site your rain garden with a 10 – 15 foot grass buffer between it and the roof leader. Use native grasses and let them grow tall. Q: What do I do with my existing grass before starting the rain garden?
PROPOSED RAIN GARDEN
A: A two options: (1) Kill the grass with herbicide beforehand or (2) Remove the turf as sod pieces. You can reuse it on your berm or another area of your yard.
13
Ewing Demonstration Rain Garden PROPOSED RAIN GARDEN
Jeremiah D. Bergstrom, LLA, ASLA Water Resources Program Rutgers Cooperative Extension Phone: 732-932-9800 x6126 E-mail: [email protected] www.water.rutgers.edu
14
Demonstration Rain Garden Ewing Independent Living
Ewing Township Green Team
October 3, 2011
EwingIndependentLiving 1015WhiteheadRoadExtension 1015 Whitehead Road Extension Ewing,NJ
ProposedRainGardenProject
ProjectLocation
PROPOSED RAINGARDEN (200– 250SQ.FT.)
Rain Garden Site RainGardenSite DOWNSPOUTTOFLOW TORAINGARDEN
PROPOSED RAINGARDEN
Demonstration Rain Garden Municipal Fields along Upper Ferry Road
Ewing Township Green Team
October 3, 2011
Municipal Recreation Fields – Upper Ferry Road
PROPOSED RAIN GARDEN
Ewing Demonstration Rain Municipal Recreation Fields – Upper Ferry Road Garden PROPOSED RAIN GARDEN LOCATION
Demonstration Rain Garden St. James/Incarnation School (not yet installed)
Ewing Township Green Team
October 3, 2011
Incarnation– St.James 1555PenningtonRoad 1555 Pennington Road Ewing,NJ ProposedRainGardenProject
Project Location ProjectLocation
STORMWATER FLOW
PROPOSED RAINGARDEN (600SQ.FT.)
Rain Garden Site RainGardenSite
PROPOSED RAINGARDEN
Vendor Invoices
Ewing Township Green Team
October 3, 2011
Christopher C. Obropta, Ph.D., P.E.
http://www.water.rutgers.edu
Extension Specialist, Water Resources
[email protected]
Department of Environmental Sciences
732- -
School of Environmental and Biological
Fax: 732- -
Sciences Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey 14 College Farm Road New Brunswick
INVOICE
May 16, 2011
TO:
John Hoegl, Chair Ewing Township Green Team 2 Jake Garzio Drive Ewing, NJ 08628
Project:
Ewing Rain Garden Technical Assistance and Water Conservation Education Program
Total Cost:
$1,500.00
Description:
Conducted extension programs in Ewing Township. Water Conservation Education/Rain Barrel Workshop 1 – 3/24/11 Rain Garden Training Workshop – 4/26/11 Water Conservation Education/Rain Barrel Workshop 2 – 5/14/11
Please make the check payable to ‘Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey’ with an attached note reading ‘Attn: Chris Obropta.’ The check should be mailed to: Dr. Christopher C. Obropta Rutgers University Department of Environmental Sciences 14 College Farm Road New Brunswick, NJ 08901-8551 Thank you.
Christopher C. Obropta, Ph.D., P.E.
http://www.water.rutgers.edu
Extension Specialist, Water Resources
[email protected]
Department of Environmental Sciences
732-932-9800, ext. 6209
School of Environmental and Biological
Fax: 732-932-8644
Sciences Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey 14 College Farm Road New Brunswick
INVOICE
September 23, 2011
TO:
John Hoegl, Chair Ewing Township Green Team 2 Jake Garzio Drive Ewing, NJ 08628
Project:
Ewing Rain Garden Technical Assistance and Water Conservation Education Program
Total Cost:
$2,000.00
Description:
Conducted extension programs in Ewing Township. Design and Installation of two (2) Demonstration Rain Gardens
Please make the check payable to ‘Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey’ with an attached note reading ‘Attn: Chris Obropta.’ The check should be mailed to: Dr. Christopher C. Obropta Rutgers University Department of Environmental Sciences 14 College Farm Road New Brunswick, NJ 08901-8551 Thank you.
Phone: 609-737-5713 Fax: 609-737-8905
Online: www.gregslandscaping.com Email: [email protected]
Proposal
Date: 9/15/2011 Proposal Submitted To:
Service Address:
Ewing Township 2 Jake Garzio Drive Ewing, NJ 08618
Ewing Township 136 Scotch Rd. Ewing, NJ 08618
We hereby propose to furnish the materials and perform the labor necessary for the completion of: Description
Qty
U/M
Rate
Total
Ewing Independent Living
Greg's Landscaping to Donate: Assist in installing downspout connections Provide equipment & operator to excavate Remove & dispose of excess soil (limited) Replant existing Arborvitae Materials listed below will be supplied at wholesale rate or our cost: Coarse Sand Compost Mulch
1 2 3
28.99 22.99 18.99
28.99 45.98 56.97
Total All material is guaranteed to be as specified above and work will be performed in a professional manner in accordance with any drawings or specifications previously submitted and detailed above. Unless otherwise specified above, payment is due in full within 10 days of invoice date.
This proposal may be withdrawn by us if not accepted within 30 days of proposal date.
Respectfully submitted: Gregory Garnich Owner, Gregs Landscaping
Thank you for this opportunity to provide a quote for your business.
Acceptance of Proposal The above prices, specifications, and conditions are satisfactory and are hereby accepted. You are authorized to do the work as specified. Payment will be made as outlined above. Signature: _____________________________ Date: _______________________ Signature: _____________________________
Page 1
Phone: 609-737-5713 Fax: 609-737-8905
Online: www.gregslandscaping.com Email: [email protected]
Proposal
Date: 9/15/2011 Proposal Submitted To:
Service Address:
Ewing Township 2 Jake Garzio Drive Ewing, NJ 08618
Ewing Township 136 Scotch Rd. Ewing, NJ 08618
We hereby propose to furnish the materials and perform the labor necessary for the completion of: Description
Clethra Plants IIex Inkberry Plants Turtlehead Plants Switchgrass Plants Softrush Plants Bluestem Plants Cardinal Flower Blueflag Iris plants New York Aster Blue Lobelia
Qty
U/M
3 Gallon 3 Gallon 1 Gallon 1 Gallon 1 Gallon 1 Gallon 1 Gallon 1 Gallon 1Gallon 1 Gallon
Fuel
Rate
Total
3 5 7 2 7 2 5 5 5 5
12.00 11.50 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00
36.00 57.50 84.00 24.00 84.00 24.00 60.00 60.00 60.00 60.00
15
4.20
63.00
7.00%
0.00
**Any additional materials extra Tax Exempt (Must provide documentation) Sales Tax
Total
$744.44
All material is guaranteed to be as specified above and work will be performed in a professional manner in accordance with any drawings or specifications previously submitted and detailed above. Unless otherwise specified above, payment is due in full within 10 days of invoice date.
This proposal may be withdrawn by us if not accepted within 30 days of proposal date.
Respectfully submitted: Gregory Garnich Owner, Gregs Landscaping
Thank you for this opportunity to provide a quote for your business.
Acceptance of Proposal The above prices, specifications, and conditions are satisfactory and are hereby accepted. You are authorized to do the work as specified. Payment will be made as outlined above. Signature: _____________________________ Date: _______________________ Signature: _____________________________
Page 2
Phone: 609-737-5713 Fax: 609-737-8905
Online: www.gregslandscaping.com Email: [email protected]
Proposal
Date: 9/29/2011 Proposal Submitted To:
Service Address:
Ewing Township 2 Jake Garzio Drive Ewing, NJ 08618
Ewing Township 136 Scotch Rd. Ewing, NJ 08618
We hereby propose to furnish the materials and perform the labor necessary for the completion of: Description
Qty
U/M
Rate
Total
Ewing Recreation Field Excavating Hauling (20 cu.yds.) ** Pricing is per load
8 2
87.50 105.00
700.00 210.00
3 12 2 1 35 3 3
39.49 18.99 28.99 22.99 3.00 140.00 210.00
118.47 227.88 57.98 22.99 105.00 420.00 630.00
Supply Only River Gravel (cu.yds) 3" - 5" Size Mulch (cu.yds) Coarse Sand (cu.yds) Compost (cu.yds) Disposal of fill material River Birch (supply & install) 8' - 10' Red Maple (supply & install) 2.5" - 3" cc
Total All material is guaranteed to be as specified above and work will be performed in a professional manner in accordance with any drawings or specifications previously submitted and detailed above. Unless otherwise specified above, payment is due in full within 10 days of invoice date.
This proposal may be withdrawn by us if not accepted within 30 days of proposal date.
Respectfully submitted: Gregory Garnich Owner, Gregs Landscaping
Thank you for this opportunity to provide a quote for your business.
Acceptance of Proposal The above prices, specifications, and conditions are satisfactory and are hereby accepted. You are authorized to do the work as specified. Payment will be made as outlined above. Signature: _____________________________ Date: _______________________ Signature: _____________________________
Page 1
Phone: 609-737-5713 Fax: 609-737-8905
Online: www.gregslandscaping.com Email: [email protected]
Proposal
Date: 9/29/2011 Proposal Submitted To:
Service Address:
Ewing Township 2 Jake Garzio Drive Ewing, NJ 08618
Ewing Township 136 Scotch Rd. Ewing, NJ 08618
We hereby propose to furnish the materials and perform the labor necessary for the completion of: Description
Qty
U/M
Rate
Total
Supply Only Bayberry Bush Boneset Plants Wild Bergamont Plants Red Twig dogwood Tree New England Aster Plants Ironweed Plants Swamp Milkweed Plants Big Bluestem Plants Cardinal Flower Plants Joe-Pye Weed Plants Blue Lobelia Plants Coreopsis Plants Blue Flag Iris Plants Soft Rush Plants Switchgrass Plants Cleththra Alnifolia Plants
3 Gallon 1 Gallon 1 Gallon 3 Gallon 1 Gallon 1 Gallon 1 Gallon 2 Gallon 1 Gallon 1 Gallon 1 Gallon 1 Gallon 1 Gallon 1 Gallon 1 Gallon 1 Gallon
7 5 7 4 5 5 5 3 5 5 7 7 7 15 10 8
12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00
84.00 60.00 84.00 48.00 60.00 60.00 60.00 36.00 60.00 60.00 84.00 84.00 84.00 180.00 120.00 96.00
Total All material is guaranteed to be as specified above and work will be performed in a professional manner in accordance with any drawings or specifications previously submitted and detailed above. Unless otherwise specified above, payment is due in full within 10 days of invoice date.
This proposal may be withdrawn by us if not accepted within 30 days of proposal date.
Respectfully submitted: Gregory Garnich Owner, Gregs Landscaping
Thank you for this opportunity to provide a quote for your business.
Acceptance of Proposal The above prices, specifications, and conditions are satisfactory and are hereby accepted. You are authorized to do the work as specified. Payment will be made as outlined above. Signature: _____________________________ Date: _______________________ Signature: _____________________________
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Phone: 609-737-5713 Fax: 609-737-8905
Online: www.gregslandscaping.com Email: [email protected]
Proposal
Date: 9/29/2011 Proposal Submitted To:
Service Address:
Ewing Township 2 Jake Garzio Drive Ewing, NJ 08618
Ewing Township 136 Scotch Rd. Ewing, NJ 08618
We hereby propose to furnish the materials and perform the labor necessary for the completion of: Description Turtlehead Plants Little Bluestem Plants
Qty
U/M
1 Gallon 3 Gallon
Pick-up and delivery Administrative Fee Tax Exempt (Must provide documentation) Sales Tax
Rate
Total
5 13
12.00 12.00
60.00 156.00
5 2
75.00 60.00
375.00 120.00
7.00%
0.00
Total
$4,463.32
All material is guaranteed to be as specified above and work will be performed in a professional manner in accordance with any drawings or specifications previously submitted and detailed above. Unless otherwise specified above, payment is due in full within 10 days of invoice date.
This proposal may be withdrawn by us if not accepted within 30 days of proposal date.
Respectfully submitted: Gregory Garnich Owner, Gregs Landscaping
Thank you for this opportunity to provide a quote for your business.
Acceptance of Proposal The above prices, specifications, and conditions are satisfactory and are hereby accepted. You are authorized to do the work as specified. Payment will be made as outlined above. Signature: _____________________________ Date: _______________________ Signature: _____________________________
Page 3
