I. Ionian Mode (05:13 – 05:57) Because of the history behind modes, they have names derived from Greek. Let us begin exploring modes by taking a look at our diatonic major scale in the key of C and its intervals (w = whole step, h = half step):
C 1
w
D 2
w
E 3
h
F 4
w
G 5
w
A 6
W
B 7
h
C 1
At this point, we all know that this is simply a major scale. Take note that the scale starts on the root note or the 1st scale degree (C). In terms of modes, this is called the Ionian mode. Our standard major diatonic scale as we know it is Ionian. It’s like a long word for the 1st mode or 1. If we play in A major and start in A, it’s Ionian. It’s the same thing when we play in D major and we start on D, etc. Remember, the Ionian mode starts at the 1st scale degree. Since the first note of the mode is C, we can call it C Ionian. As it starts on the 1st scale degree, we effectively emphasize the prime chord as well in Ionian (which in this case is C).
II. Dorian Mode (05:57 – 07:42) Now, what if we try and start the same scale at the 2nd scale degree (D)