Ionic Bonding
Ionic Bonding Chapter 1 Section 2-3 – Pages 8-17 and 32-33
Ionic Compounds • Forms when valence electrons are transferred (gained or lost) from one atom to another to complete each others outer energy levels. • Forms between metals (+ ions) and nonmetals (ions) • When formed, the # of electrons lost = the # of electrons gained. • Therefore, compounds are neutral! • The charges cancel each other out. • Properties include; Strong bond, high melting and boiling points
Forming + Ions • Occurs when an atom loses valence electrons. • An atom now has more positive protons than negative electrons. (Unbalanced + and -) • Metals form + ions because they have few valence electrons (1,2, or 3) • Only takes a small amount of energy to lose their few valence electrons. • G1 and G2 are examples of atoms that form + ions.
Forming - Ions • Occurs when an atom gains valence electrons. • An atom now has more negative electrons than positive protons. (Unbalanced + and -) • Nonmetals form – ions because they have an almost full outer level. • Ending of name changes…. –ide (Fluorine Fluoride) • G16 and G17 – are examples that form – ions.
Writing Ionic Formulas • Always write + ion or metal first • Write – ion or nonmetal second • Polyatomic Ion – an ion that is made up of more than one atom (2 or more capital letters) – When written name remains the same – Use parentheses • Roman Numerals show oxidation number • An oxidation number is the number of valence electrons an atom gains or loses to become stable. • Make sure compounds are neutral – no charge
Ionic Compounds • Forms when valence electrons are transferred (gained or lost) from one atom to another to complete each others outer energy levels. • Forms between metals (+ ions) and nonmetals (ions) • When formed, the # of electrons lost = the # of electrons gained. • Therefore, compounds are neutral! • The charges cancel each other out. • Properties include; Strong bond, high melting and boiling points
Forming + Ions • Occurs when an atom loses valence electrons. • An atom now has more positive protons than negative electrons. (Unbalanced + and -) • Metals form + ions because they have few valence electrons (1,2, or 3) • Only takes a small amount of energy to lose their few valence electrons. • G1 and G2 are examples of atoms that form + ions.
Forming - Ions • Occurs when an atom gains valence electrons. • An atom now has more negative electrons than positive protons. (Unbalanced + and -) • Nonmetals form – ions because they have an almost full outer level. • Ending of name changes…. –ide (Fluorine Fluoride) • G16 and G17 – are examples that form – ions.
Writing Ionic Formulas • Always write + ion or metal first • Write – ion or nonmetal second • Polyatomic Ion – an ion that is made up of more than one atom (2 or more capital letters) – When written name remains the same – Use parentheses • Roman Numerals show oxidation number • An oxidation number is the number of valence electrons an atom gains or loses to become stable. • Make sure compounds are neutral – no charge
