John Donovan, P.E., BCEE
Anaerobic Digestion at WWTPs – The Benefits of Adding Organics
John Donovan, P.E., BCEE Senior Vice President CDM Smith
Environmental Business Council of New England Energy Environment Economy
Anaerobic Co-Digestion at WWTPs The Benefits of Adding Organics Presented at the Environmental Business Council of New England Renewable Energy For Wastewater and Drinking Water Facilities
John F. Donovan CDM Smith
October 1, 2013
2
Typical Biogas Uses at Municipal Wastewater Treatment Facilities Power Generation 15%
Drive Machinery 8%
Pipeline Injection 1% Building Heating 27% BioCNG at Janesville, WI WWTP
Digester Heating 49%
Biogas Use – Combined Heat and Power (CHP) Microturbine 12%
Stirling Engine in Germany
Fuel Cell 5%
Turbine 7% Engine 76%
Microturbines at the Sheboygan Regional WWTP
Biogas as an Energy Resource Natural Gas Pipeling
CO2 Removal
Compressor CNG Fueled Vehicles CHP
Heat
Sludge + Organic Waste
Biogas
Biogas Treatment
Digestion
Gas Turbine
Electricity
Drying Fuel Cell
Integrated Wastewater and Solid Waste Treatment
Maximizing Biogas Production Co-digestion • Co-digestible feedstocks: – – – – – – –
FOG Food processing Brewery waste Cheese production Animal farming Biodiesel production De-icing (glycols)
Co-digest 17%
Do Not Co-digest 83%
Food to Fuel Research at U.S. Air Force Academy
Food Waste Characterization
Food Wastes Have Four Times the Biogas Potential as Wastewater Biosolids Biosolids
Food Wastes
Gallons/d
10,000
10,000
Percent Solids
5
13
Volatile Solids
75
85
VS Converted
55
82
Biogas Yield (CF/lb)
15
13.5
Biogas Volume (CF/d)
26,000
102,000
Mbtu/d
14
56
kWH/yr
600,000
2,300,000
Potential Co-Digestion Cost Savings
Capital and O&M Cost: • Organic waste preparation • Solids processing (digestion, dewatering) • Sidestream treatment • Biogas treatment
Municipal WWTFs with Anaerobic Digesters
Legend:
00 Number of Municipal WWTFs (00) Number with Anaerobic Digesters
Proposed Facilities
Anaerobic Digesters
Digester Equipment Buildings Cogeneration Engines 230 kW each
Biosolids and Biogas Storage Tank Gas Conditioning Equipment Building
LAWPCA New Anaerobic Digestion and Energy Recovery Facility
Massachusetts Water Resources Authority Current Operations Digester Feed
gal/day
increase Biogas Production
SCFH
With Food Wastes
1,140,000
36,000
120,000
-
3
11
187,000
202,000
241,000
-
8
29
Greater Lawrence Sanitary District Current Biogas Use
With Food Wastes
Thermal Dryer
54%
Increased Biogas
50%
Heating
28%
Engine Size
500kW
Flare
18%
Percent Plant Power
30%
John Donovan, P.E., BCEE Senior Vice President CDM Smith
Environmental Business Council of New England Energy Environment Economy
Anaerobic Co-Digestion at WWTPs The Benefits of Adding Organics Presented at the Environmental Business Council of New England Renewable Energy For Wastewater and Drinking Water Facilities
John F. Donovan CDM Smith
October 1, 2013
2
Typical Biogas Uses at Municipal Wastewater Treatment Facilities Power Generation 15%
Drive Machinery 8%
Pipeline Injection 1% Building Heating 27% BioCNG at Janesville, WI WWTP
Digester Heating 49%
Biogas Use – Combined Heat and Power (CHP) Microturbine 12%
Stirling Engine in Germany
Fuel Cell 5%
Turbine 7% Engine 76%
Microturbines at the Sheboygan Regional WWTP
Biogas as an Energy Resource Natural Gas Pipeling
CO2 Removal
Compressor CNG Fueled Vehicles CHP
Heat
Sludge + Organic Waste
Biogas
Biogas Treatment
Digestion
Gas Turbine
Electricity
Drying Fuel Cell
Integrated Wastewater and Solid Waste Treatment
Maximizing Biogas Production Co-digestion • Co-digestible feedstocks: – – – – – – –
FOG Food processing Brewery waste Cheese production Animal farming Biodiesel production De-icing (glycols)
Co-digest 17%
Do Not Co-digest 83%
Food to Fuel Research at U.S. Air Force Academy
Food Waste Characterization
Food Wastes Have Four Times the Biogas Potential as Wastewater Biosolids Biosolids
Food Wastes
Gallons/d
10,000
10,000
Percent Solids
5
13
Volatile Solids
75
85
VS Converted
55
82
Biogas Yield (CF/lb)
15
13.5
Biogas Volume (CF/d)
26,000
102,000
Mbtu/d
14
56
kWH/yr
600,000
2,300,000
Potential Co-Digestion Cost Savings
Capital and O&M Cost: • Organic waste preparation • Solids processing (digestion, dewatering) • Sidestream treatment • Biogas treatment
Municipal WWTFs with Anaerobic Digesters
Legend:
00 Number of Municipal WWTFs (00) Number with Anaerobic Digesters
Proposed Facilities
Anaerobic Digesters
Digester Equipment Buildings Cogeneration Engines 230 kW each
Biosolids and Biogas Storage Tank Gas Conditioning Equipment Building
LAWPCA New Anaerobic Digestion and Energy Recovery Facility
Massachusetts Water Resources Authority Current Operations Digester Feed
gal/day
increase Biogas Production
SCFH
With Food Wastes
1,140,000
36,000
120,000
-
3
11
187,000
202,000
241,000
-
8
29
Greater Lawrence Sanitary District Current Biogas Use
With Food Wastes
Thermal Dryer
54%
Increased Biogas
50%
Heating
28%
Engine Size
500kW
Flare
18%
Percent Plant Power
30%
