Land off Flaxlands Road, Carleton Rode, Norfolk ENF ... AWS
Land off Flaxlands Road, Carleton Rode, Norfolk ENF 129343
Archaeological Evaluation Report SCCAS Report No. 2012/088
Client: Durrants Chartered Surveyors Author: Simon Cass August 2012 © Suffolk County Council Archaeological Service
Land off Flaxlands Road, Carleton Rode, Norfolk ENF 129343 Archaeological Evaluation Report SCCAS Report No. 2012/088 Author: Simon Cass Contributions By: Richenda Goffin Illustrator: Gemma Adams Editor: Richenda Goffin Report Date: August 2012
HER Information Site Code:
ENF 129343
Site Name:
Land off Flaxlands Road, Carleton Rode, Norfolk
Report Number
2012/088
Planning Application No:
2012/0863/N
Date of Fieldwork:
11-12/06/2012
Grid Reference:
TM 1139 9247
Oasis Reference:
suffolkc1-128097
Curatorial Officer:
James Albone
Project Officer:
Simon Cass
Client/Funding Body:
Durrants Chartered Surveyors
Client Reference:
-
Digital report submitted to Archaeological Data Service: http://ads.ahds.ac.uk/catalogue/library/greylit
Disclaimer Any opinions expressed in this report about the need for further archaeological work are those of the Field Projects Team alone. Ultimately the need for further work will be determined by the Local Planning Authority and its Archaeological Advisors when a planning application is registered. Suffolk County Council’s archaeological contracting services cannot accept responsibility for inconvenience caused to the clients should the Planning Authority take a different view to that expressed in the report.
Prepared By:
Simon Cass
Date:
06/08/2012
Approved By:
Jo Caruth
Position:
Contracts Manger
Date: Signed:
Contents Summary Drawing Conventions 1.
Introduction
1
2.
Geology and topography
1
3.
Archaeology and historical background
1
4.
Methodology
4
5.
Results
5
5.1
Trench results
5
Trench 1
5
Trench 2
6
Trench 3
7
Trench 4
8
Trench 5
8
6.
Finds and environmental evidence
7.
Discussion
11
8.
Conclusions
11
9.
Archive deposition
12
10. Acknowledgements
9
12
List of Figures Figure 1. Location map 2 Figure 2. Trench plan, showing features and sections recorded in Trenches 2 and 3 3 st Figure 3. Development area and trenches superimposed on 1 Edition OS map of 1884 10 List of Plates Plate 1. Trench 1, facing south Plate 2. Ditch 0001, facing south (1m scale) Plate 3. Gully 0003, facing south (0.3m scale) Plate 4. Linear feature 0005, facing north (1m scale) Plate 5. Trench 5 facing north (2 x 1m scales)
5 6 7 8 9
List of Appendices Appendix 1. Appendix 2.
Brief and specification Context List
Summary Archaeological evaluation of land off Flaxlands Road at Carleton Rode, Norfolk was undertaken in order to inform planning application 2012/0863/N. Five trenches were excavated across the site, with a total area of some 378 square meters investigated. The only features encountered were a probable post-medieval boundary ditch and a small undated gully. A shallow potential ditch feature is believed to be a result of natural undulation of the underlying geology rather than human activity. No artefacts or deposits relating to potential domestic occupation of the site were revealed.
Drawing Conventions
Plans Limit of Excavation Features Break of Slope Features - Conjectured Natural Features Sondages/Machine Strip Intrusion/Truncation S.14
Illustrated Section Cut Number
0008
Archaeological Features
Sections Limit of Excavation Cut Modern Cut Cut - Conjectured Deposit Horizon Deposit Horizon - Conjectured Intrusion/Truncation Top of Natural Top Surface Break in Section Cut Number Deposit Number Ordnance Datum
0008 0007 18.45m OD
1.
Introduction
Planning permission is being sought for a small development of 15 new dwellings on arable land south of Flaxlands Road at Carleton Rode, Norfolk. Norfolk County Council Historic Environment Service (NHES) have advised, in accordance with National Planning Policy Framework para 128, that an archaeological evaluation is necessary prior to planning permission being determined, to assess the potential for heritage assets of archaeological interest that could be adversely affected by the development. A brief issued by James Albone of NHES, archaeological adviser to the local planning authority, has specified the level of work required at this stage and is included as Appendix 1 in this report.
2.
Geology and topography
The site is in the northern part of an arable field; with a slight slope southwards from Flaxlands Road at a height of 60m AOD and the underlying geology is recorded as superficial deposits of the Lowestoft formation above chalk bedrock (British Geological Survey).
3.
Archaeology and historical background
The site is located in the historic core of the settlement of Carleton Rode, near the medieval All Saint’s Church (NHER 10039). Test pitting in the vicinity of the site has identified medieval and post-medieval pottery to the north (NHER 52727) and east (NHER 54179, 54180, 54182, 54191 and 54195). In addition an assemblage of prehistoric burnt flints and a single Late Anglo-Saxon pottery sherd have been recorded some 100m to the north of the site.
1
A Norfolk A
B
SUFFOLK
Carleton Rode
Essex
0
0
25 km
2 km 611700
611600
611500
611400
611300
611200
B N
ad
Flaxlands Ro
292700
Carleton Manor
Carleton Manor
292600
Church Farm 292500
292400
d h Roa Churc
292300
292200
TM
© Crown Copyright. All rights reserved. Suffolk County Council Licence No. 100023395 2012
0
200m
Figure 1. Location map, showing development area (red) and evaluation trenches (black)
2
N Tr.2
Tr.2
Tr.3
0003
S.2
S.2 0004
0003
0001
S.1
S.1 0002 0001
Tr.3
S.3
0005
S.3 Plough Soil
0006 0005 0
1.00m
2.50m
0
Plan Scale 1:50
Plan Scale 1:100
Figure 2. Trenches 2 and 3 plan and sections 3
5m
4.
Methodology
The Brief and Specification (Appendix 1) required that 5% of the development area (c. 380m2) should be subject to trial trenching. This equated to 210m of trenching, at 1.8m wide. The trench locations were sited in order to cover the areas most affected by the proposed development on the site and investigate near the street frontage of the site (it was not possible to evaluate directly adjacent to the road due to a hedge and overhead power lines). The trenches were excavated by a 7-tonne JCB-type 1800 mechanical excavator using a toothless ditching bucket. All machining was constantly supervised by an experienced archaeologist. Overburden was removed until the first archaeological horizon or top of the natural substrate was encountered. Deposits were recorded using SCCAS pro forma sheets and plans and sections were hand-drawn at 1:50 and 1:20 where necessary. A photographic record was made using a high resolution digital SLR camera and a monochrome film camera. The location of each trench was established prior to excavation using GPS surveying equipment to an accuracy of within 0.05m. A digital copy of the report will be submitted for inclusion on the Archaeology Data Service database (http://ads.ahds.ac.uk/catalogue/library/greylit) upon completion of the project. The site archives are recorded under NHER No. ENF 129343 and are currently kept in the store of Suffolk County Council Archaeological Service in Bury St Edmunds but final deposition will be with Norfolk Museums Service.
4
5.
Results
5.1
Trench results
Trench 1 Trench 1 was 40m long, 1.8m wide and up to c. 0.4m deep (Pl. 1), orientated approximately north-south on the eastern side of the development area, adjacent to an access track leading from Flaxlands Road to an Anglian Water installation south of the school. The stratigraphy encountered consisted of between 0.35m-0.4m of mid-dark brown clayey silt ploughsoil over mid/pale creamy brown clay with chalk nodules and flecking (natural geology). A modern land drain, lain by the current landowners, was noted running approximately NW-SE down the majority of the trench. No artefacts or deposits of archaeological concern were noted within this trench.
Plate 1. Trench 1, facing south
5
Trench 2 This trench was 50m long, 1.5m wide and up to c. 0.4m deep, orientated approximately northwest-southeast on the northern side of the development area, parallel to Flaxlands Road to the north (Fig. 2). The stratigraphy encountered consisted of between 0.35m0.4m of mid-dark brown clayey silt ploughsoil over mid/pale creamy brown clay with chalk nodules and flecking (natural geology). Ditch 0001 was noted towards the eastern end of this trench (Pl. 2 and Fig. 2), orientated approximately north-south, similarly to nearby surviving field boundaries. The ditch had steep sloped sides to a shallow concave base, was 1.37m wide and 0.56m deep and filled with a hard/densely compacted light greenish brown clay with occasional small charcoal and chalk flecks throughout. Bone and ceramic building material (CBM) fragments were recovered from this feature.
Plate 2. Ditch 0001, facing south (1m scale)
Gully 0003 was a very shallow linear feature with concave sides and a flat base (Pl. 3 and Fig. 2), orientated along the same line as ditch 0001. It was 0.43m wide and 0.1m deep, filled with a light greenish brown clay with occasional small charcoal and chalk fleck inclusions. No finds were recovered from this feature though it seems likely that it shares a date with 0001.
6
Plate 3. Gully 0003, facing south (0.3m scale)
Trench 3 Trench 3 was 40m long, 1.8m wide and up to c. 0.45m deep, orientated approximately east-west on the southern edge of the development area (Fig. 2). The stratigraphy encountered consisted of between 0.4m-0.45m of mid-dark brown clayey silt ploughsoil over mid/pale creamy brown clay with chalk nodules and flecking (natural geology). A single shallow linear feature was observed during the trench stripping, though after investigation it was felt that this was more likely to be a shallow undulation in the natural geology that had filled with a subsoil deposit. Feature 0005 was a very shallow wide linear depression orientated north-south, some 2m wide and approximately 0.1m deep (Pl. 4 and Fig. 2) with shallow sloped slightly concave sides to a flattish base and filled with a mid grey/brown firm silty clay with moderate chalk flecks, small-medium sized sub-rounded stones and occasional flecks of charcoal. A single small fragment of pottery was noted, though this disintegrated as it was removed from the surrounding soils.
7
Plate 4. Linear feature 0005, facing north (1m scale)
Trench 4 This trench was 50m long, 1.6m wide and up to c. 0.4m deep, orientated approximately north/south on the western side of the development area. The stratigraphy encountered consisted of between 0.35m-0.4m of mid-dark brown clayey silt ploughsoil over mid/pale creamy brown clay with chalk nodules and flecking (natural geology). A large amount of modern debris (including tarmac, plastic sheeting and broken brisk rubble) was encountered in the northernmost 16m of the trench, corresponding with an old pond which was backfilled some time between 1959 and 1976 according to Ordnance Survey maps of the area. No artefacts or deposits of archaeological concern were noted within this trench.
Trench 5 Trench 5 was 30m long, 1.8m wide and up to c. 0.4m deep (Pl. 5), orientated approximately north-south in the centre of the development area. The stratigraphy encountered consisted of approximately 0.3m of mid-dark brown clayey silt ploughsoil over 0.1m of mid grey/brown clayey silt subsoil which sealed the mid/pale creamy brown clay with chalk nodules and flecking (natural geology). Some features were observed during the stripping of this trench, believed to have natural geological origins, and further investigations confirmed this. No artefacts or deposits of archaeological concern were noted within this trench. 8
Plate 5. Trench 5 facing north (2 x 1m scales)
6.
Finds and environmental evidence
Richenda Goffin Four fragments of ceramic building material were recovered from 0002, the fill of a ditch (31g). The fragments, which are probably from a brick, were all made in a fine soft orange fabric with cream silty bands and occasional ferrous and red clay pellets and sparse small flint inclusions, which dates to the late medieval or post-medieval period. The fragmentary remains of nine pieces of animal bone were also present in this feature (36g).The most identifiable fragments are two sheep teeth. One undiagnostic fragment has been burnt.
9
Tr.2
Roads Field Boundaries Tr.3
Figure 3. Development area and trenches superimposed on 1st Edition OS map of 1884
10
7.
Discussion
The lack of any remains attributable to domestic occupation within the site is perhaps surprising given the proximity to the medieval church (and location within the assumed historic core of the village) however East Anglian medieval settlements were often dispersed away from the church with hamlets strung out along the road in a ribbondevelopment and it is possible that Carleton Rode could have stretched away from the church towards the east instead of being clustered around it more equally. In addition early development of rural plots was frequently less ordered than might be expected and areas of undeveloped roadside frontages adjacent to dwellings are not uncommon where an apparent roadside string originated as loose groupings of individual farmsteads, with some later infilling of gaps. The features encountered appear consistent in orientation with north-south orientated boundary ditches visible to the east of the site on the First Edition Ordnance Survey map of the area (Fig. 3) and are suspected to be of similar character. Examination of the Tithe Map, c.1840, shows a similar field layout.
8.
Conclusions
It seems likely that the features encountered during the course of this evaluation are related to a post-medieval field system, traces of which are still present in the current arrangement of hedges and land parcels south of Flaxlands Road. The absence of any deposits relating to domestic activity in Trench 2 suggests that this area was not settled during the medieval period (or later) as although the trench was placed 12m back from the roadside and therefore beyond the likely location of a roadside dwelling, such occupation would be expected to be accompanied by smaller boundaries and domestic refuse pits within yard and garden areas behind the houses.
11
9.
Archive deposition
Paper and photographic archive: SCCAS Bury St Edmunds Digital archive: SCCAS R:\Environmental Protection\Conservation\Archaeology\ Archive\Norfolk\Norfolk\Flaxlands, Carleton Rode Evaluation Digital photographic archive: SCCAS R:\Environmental Protection\Conservation\ Archaeology\Catalogues\Photos\HPA-HPZ\HPM 15-36 Finds and environmental archive: SCCAS Bury St Edmunds. Store Location: J / 115 / 4
10. Acknowledgements The fieldwork was carried out by Preston Boyles, Phil Camps and Simon Cass of SCCAS. Project management was undertaken by John Craven who also provided advice during the production of the report. Post-excavation management was provided by Simon Cass. Finds processing and analysis was undertaken by Jonathan Van Jennians and Richenda Goffin. The specialist finds report was produced by Richenda Goffin. The report illustrations were created by Gemma Adams and the report was edited by Richenda Goffin.
12
Appendix 1. NHES brief
Brief for Archaeological Evaluation by Trial Trenching at Flaxlands Road, Carleton Rode
BRIEF FOR ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVALUATION BY TRIAL TRENCHING AT LAND ADJACENT TO CARLETON RODE SCHOOL FLAXLANDS ROAD CARLETON RODE NORFOLK PLANNING AUTHORITY:
South Norfolk Council
PLANNING APPLICATION NO.:
2012/0863/N
HES REFERENCE
CNF43793
ASSOCIATED.
Yes
NHER NO. FOR THIS PROJECT:
To be arranged
GRID REFERENCE:
TM 1139 9247
MAP EXTRACT ATTACHED:
No
DEVELOPMENT PROPOSAL:
Housing
AREA:
0.75ha
CURRENT LAND USE:
Arable
ISSUED BY:
James Albone Planning Archaeologist Historic Environment Service Environment, Transport and Development Union House, Gressenhall Dereham, Norfolk NR20 4DR Tel: 01362 869279 (direct) [email protected]
DATE:
30th May 2012
If you need this document in large print, audio, Braille, alternative format or in a different language please contact James Albone on 01362 869279 and we will do our best to help.
Page 1 of 6
Brief for Archaeological Evaluation by Trial Trenching at Flaxlands Road, Carleton Rode
Summary The proposed development site is located in the historic core of the settlement of Carleton Rode close to the medieval parish church. Consequently there is potential that important heritage assets with archaeological interest (buried archaeological remains relating to the medieval settlement) may be present at the site and that the significance of these would be adversely affected by the proposed development Norfolk County Council Historic Environment Service has requested that the results of an archaeological evaluation are submitted with the planning application so that an informed and reasonable planning decision can be taken when the results of the evaluation have been considered. Trial trenching is required to determine the presence/absence, date, extent, state of preservation and significance of any archaeological layers or subsoil archaeological features.This evaluation may indicate a need for a further phase of archaeological excavation or monitoring during the development if features of importance are found and these cannot be preserved in situ.
1. Policy Background The relevant planning policies can be found in :South Norfolk Council’s South Norfolk Local Plan Deposit Version (May 1997), policies RUR 7-8. and National Planning Policy Framework. The Department of Communities and Local Government (2012).
2. Archaeological Background The proposed development site is located in the historic core of the settlement of Carleton Rode close to the medieval parish church. Consequently there is potential that important heritage assets with archaeological interest (buried archaeological remains relating to the medieval settlement) may be present at the site and that the significance of these would be adversely affected by the proposed development
3. Planning Background Norfolk County Council Historic Environment Service has requested that the results of an archaeological evaluation are submitted with the planning application for this development, in accordance with National Planning Policy Framework para. 128, so that an informed and reasonable planning decision can be taken when the results of the evaluation have been considered.
Page 2 of 6
Brief for Archaeological Evaluation by Trial Trenching at Flaxlands Road, Carleton Rode
This brief provides an outline of the first phase of a Programme of Archaeological Work (PoAW), the results of which will be assessed by the Historic Environment Service to determine whether further investigations (excavation or monitoring) are necessary should archaeological remains be found to exist on the site and these cannot be preserved in situ.
4. Requirement for Work Trial trenching is required to recover as much information as possible on the extent, date, phasing, character, function, status and significance of the site. The states of preservation of archaeological features or deposits within the area indicated should be determined. A 5% sample of the development area is required. Contractors should note that no element of this brief should be treated as a contingency unless agreed in advance with the Historic Environment Service. The trenches must characterise the full archaeological sequence down to the natural deposits. Provision should be made for the sampling of deposits for the analysis of palaeoenvironmental remains and for the scientific dating of deposits, artefacts or ecofacts where appropriate. Sampling strategies should be agreed during the course of the evaluation in consultation with Norfolk County Council Historic Environment Service and the English Heritage Regional Advisor for Archaeological Science. Project designs must confirm that relevant health and safety considerations have been built in. The potential of the area being contaminated by toxins must have been adequately investigated or plans for a pre-project investigation of ground conditions outlined. Appropriate tools for the job must be utilised and consideration for this shown in the project design. The relevant experience of the project team must be articulated within the project design. In particular the person leading the project in the field must have significant experience of appropriate archaeological methods, theory and safe practice. The archaeological contractor will prepare a method statement or specification for this phase of the PoAW and submit this to the Historic Environment Service for approval before costs are prepared for the commissioning client. The PoAW will include, as appropriate, background research, fieldwork, assessment, analysis, preparation of report, publication and deposition of the project archive. The Archaeological contractor will contact the HER Officer of the Historic Environment Service in advance of work starting to obtain a HER number for the site or, if a number is already given on the brief, to ensure that it is still applicable.
Page 3 of 6
Brief for Archaeological Evaluation by Trial Trenching at Flaxlands Road, Carleton Rode
The archaeological research aims and objectives of the project will be clearly stated, and the method statement or specification will demonstrate how these will be met. Appropriate reference will be made to the following documents:Glazebrook, J. (ed) 1997, Research and Archaeology: a Framework for the Eastern Counties, 1. Resource assessment (E. Anglian Archaeol. Occ. Pap. 3). Brown, N. and Glazebrook, J. (eds), 2000, Research and Archaeology: a Framework for the Eastern Counties, 2. Research agenda and strategy (E. Anglian Archaeol. Occ. Pap. 8). At the start of work (immediately before fieldwork commences) an OASIS online record http://ads.ahds.ac.uk/project/oasis/ must be initiated and key fields completed on Details, Location and Creators forms. When the project is completed, all parts of the OASIS online form must be completed for submission to the Norfolk Historic Environment Record. This will include an uploaded .pdf version of the entire report. A copy of the OASIS form must be included in the final report. Hard copies of the report must also be provided, as specified below.
5. Standards Method statements or specifications prepared by archaeological consultants or contractors should state that all works will be carried out in full accordance with the appropriate sections of Gurney, D., 2003, ‘Standards for Field Archaeology in the East of England’, as adopted by the Association of Local Government Archaeological Officers for the East of England Region and published as East Anglian Archaeology Occasional Paper 14. This is available as a PDF file on the web at www.eaareports.org.uk Archaeological contractors should note that the Standards document stipulates basic methodological standards. It is considered axiomatic that all contractors will strive to achieve the highest possible qualitative standards, with the application of the most advanced and appropriate techniques possible within a context of continuous improvement aimed at maximising the recovery of archaeological data and contributing to the development of a greater understanding of Norfolk’s historic environment. Monitoring officers will seek and expect clear evidence of commitment to the historic resource of Norfolk, with specifications being drawn up within a context of added value.
6. Other matters Archaeological contractors are reminded that they should submit a copy of their method statement or specification to the Historic Environment Service for approval, before costs are prepared for commissioning clients, in line with the Institute for Archaeologists’ guidance. Page 4 of 6
Brief for Archaeological Evaluation by Trial Trenching at Flaxlands Road, Carleton Rode
The method statement or specification should indicate the number of person days allocated to the fieldwork stage of the project The Historic Environment Service will be responsible for monitoring progress and standards throughout the project. The archaeological contractor will give the Historic Environment Service not less that two weeks’ written notice of the commencement of the work, so that arrangements for monitoring the project can be made. Any subsequent variation to a detailed project specification or method statement must be agreed with the Historic Environment Service prior to its implementation. This brief is valid for a period of one year from the date of issue. After that time, it may need to be revised to take account of new discoveries, changes in policy or the introduction of new working practices or techniques. Three hard copies and a PDF copy on CD of the report should be supplied to the Historic Environment Service for the attention of the Senior Archaeologist (Planning) within eight weeks of the completion of the fieldwork on the understanding that this will become a public document after an appropriate period of time (generally not exceeding six months). Two hard copies and the PDF file will be deposited with the Norfolk Historic Environment Record, and the third hard copy will be forwarded to the Local Planning Authority. A fourth copy of the report should be sent directly to the Regional Advisor for Archaeological Science, English Heritage, Brooklands House, 24 Brooklands Avenue, Cambridge CB2 2BU.
7. Notes for Applicants/developers The Historic Environment Service is responsible for safeguarding the county's archaeological heritage. The Historic Environment Service is consulted by local planning authorities and provides specialist information and advice on the archaeological implications of development proposals. An Archaeological Project will usually consist of one or more of the following:Desk-based assessment: a report drawing together existing information about a site from a wide range of sources. Survey: usually fieldwalking and metal-detecting, sometimes non-intrusive geophysical surveys (e.g. magnetometer survey) Evaluation: survey and/or trial-trenching or test-pitting. Excavation: larger-scale excavation Watching brief or monitoring: the presence of an archaeologist during the development to record any features exposed Post-excavation: analysis, and the preparation of a report and archive of records and finds at the end of any archaeological project
Page 5 of 6
Brief for Archaeological Evaluation by Trial Trenching at Flaxlands Road, Carleton Rode
A phased approach to fieldwork is frequently adopted, with one stage leading on to another (if necessary) after each phase is reported upon and reviewed. If an evaluation is required before an application is determined or if planning permission is granted subject to a condition for a programme of archaeological work, the Historic Environment Service will provide a brief for the archaeological project. This outline of the project is forwarded to you by the Historic Environment Service or the Planning Authority. You should then ask one or more archaeological contractors to prepare a method statement or specification which will detail how the project is to be undertaken, and how the brief will be fulfilled. This will be sent to the Historic Environment Service for approval on behalf of the planning authority, after which the contractor will give you details of costs. Details of archaeological contractors based in Norfolk and beyond may be found in the Institute for Archaeologists Yearbook & Directory, available from the I.F.A., University of Reading, 2 Earley Gate, PO Box 239, Reading RG6 6AU. Tel: 0118 931 6446. Fax: 0118 931 6448. Email: [email protected]. Website: www.archaeologists.net. The Historic Environment Service does not see contractors' costings, nor do we give advice on the costs of archaeological projects. This is between you and the archaeological contractor(s). You may wish to obtain a number of quotations or to employ the services of an archaeological consultant. For further information or advice on any archaeological matters please contact the person issuing this report whose details are on Page1.
Page 6 of 6
Appendix 2 - Context List Context No Feature No Feature Type 0001
0001
Ditch Cut
0002
0001
Ditch Fill
0003
0003
Gully Cut
Description/Interpretation
Finds Overall Date Env. Sample Trench
Ditch oreintated north-south. 1.37m wide and 0.56m deep, with steep slightly No concave sides and a concave base.
No
2
No
2
No
2
No
No
2
Shallow linear possible feature (most likely to be natural undulation). Shallow No sloped sides to a flattish base.
No
3
No
3
Ditch (probable post-med boundary ditch) Light brown/geen clay with ocacsional small charcoal and chalk flecks. Hard compaction.
Yes
Fill of probable post-med boundary ditch Shallow gully orientated north-south in Trench 2. Concave side to a flat base. No Gully 0004
0003
Gully Fill
Light brown/greeny clay with occasional small charcoal and chalk flecks. Hard compaction. Fill of small gully in Trench 2.
0005
0005
Linear Cut
Shallow linear feature - most likely to be natural undulation and infilling with subsoil remnant. Pottery fragment disintegrated on removal from surrounding soil (c. 7mm x5mm and 4mm thick). 0006
0005
Linear Fill
Mid greyish brown firm silty caly with moderate amounts of chalk flecksing, ocasional small -large sized sub-rounded and sub-anular flints and stones and occasional flecs of charcoal. Fill of shallow depression 0005.
No
Archaeological services Field Projects Team Delivering a full range of archaeological services
•
Desk-based assessments and advice
•
Site investigation
•
Outreach and educational resources
•
Historic Building Recording
•
Environmental processing
•
Finds analysis and photography
•
Graphics design and illustration
Contact:
Rhodri Gardner Tel: 01473 581743 Fax: 01473 288221 [email protected] www.suffolk.gov.uk/Environment/Archaeology/
Archaeological Evaluation Report SCCAS Report No. 2012/088
Client: Durrants Chartered Surveyors Author: Simon Cass August 2012 © Suffolk County Council Archaeological Service
Land off Flaxlands Road, Carleton Rode, Norfolk ENF 129343 Archaeological Evaluation Report SCCAS Report No. 2012/088 Author: Simon Cass Contributions By: Richenda Goffin Illustrator: Gemma Adams Editor: Richenda Goffin Report Date: August 2012
HER Information Site Code:
ENF 129343
Site Name:
Land off Flaxlands Road, Carleton Rode, Norfolk
Report Number
2012/088
Planning Application No:
2012/0863/N
Date of Fieldwork:
11-12/06/2012
Grid Reference:
TM 1139 9247
Oasis Reference:
suffolkc1-128097
Curatorial Officer:
James Albone
Project Officer:
Simon Cass
Client/Funding Body:
Durrants Chartered Surveyors
Client Reference:
-
Digital report submitted to Archaeological Data Service: http://ads.ahds.ac.uk/catalogue/library/greylit
Disclaimer Any opinions expressed in this report about the need for further archaeological work are those of the Field Projects Team alone. Ultimately the need for further work will be determined by the Local Planning Authority and its Archaeological Advisors when a planning application is registered. Suffolk County Council’s archaeological contracting services cannot accept responsibility for inconvenience caused to the clients should the Planning Authority take a different view to that expressed in the report.
Prepared By:
Simon Cass
Date:
06/08/2012
Approved By:
Jo Caruth
Position:
Contracts Manger
Date: Signed:
Contents Summary Drawing Conventions 1.
Introduction
1
2.
Geology and topography
1
3.
Archaeology and historical background
1
4.
Methodology
4
5.
Results
5
5.1
Trench results
5
Trench 1
5
Trench 2
6
Trench 3
7
Trench 4
8
Trench 5
8
6.
Finds and environmental evidence
7.
Discussion
11
8.
Conclusions
11
9.
Archive deposition
12
10. Acknowledgements
9
12
List of Figures Figure 1. Location map 2 Figure 2. Trench plan, showing features and sections recorded in Trenches 2 and 3 3 st Figure 3. Development area and trenches superimposed on 1 Edition OS map of 1884 10 List of Plates Plate 1. Trench 1, facing south Plate 2. Ditch 0001, facing south (1m scale) Plate 3. Gully 0003, facing south (0.3m scale) Plate 4. Linear feature 0005, facing north (1m scale) Plate 5. Trench 5 facing north (2 x 1m scales)
5 6 7 8 9
List of Appendices Appendix 1. Appendix 2.
Brief and specification Context List
Summary Archaeological evaluation of land off Flaxlands Road at Carleton Rode, Norfolk was undertaken in order to inform planning application 2012/0863/N. Five trenches were excavated across the site, with a total area of some 378 square meters investigated. The only features encountered were a probable post-medieval boundary ditch and a small undated gully. A shallow potential ditch feature is believed to be a result of natural undulation of the underlying geology rather than human activity. No artefacts or deposits relating to potential domestic occupation of the site were revealed.
Drawing Conventions
Plans Limit of Excavation Features Break of Slope Features - Conjectured Natural Features Sondages/Machine Strip Intrusion/Truncation S.14
Illustrated Section Cut Number
0008
Archaeological Features
Sections Limit of Excavation Cut Modern Cut Cut - Conjectured Deposit Horizon Deposit Horizon - Conjectured Intrusion/Truncation Top of Natural Top Surface Break in Section Cut Number Deposit Number Ordnance Datum
0008 0007 18.45m OD
1.
Introduction
Planning permission is being sought for a small development of 15 new dwellings on arable land south of Flaxlands Road at Carleton Rode, Norfolk. Norfolk County Council Historic Environment Service (NHES) have advised, in accordance with National Planning Policy Framework para 128, that an archaeological evaluation is necessary prior to planning permission being determined, to assess the potential for heritage assets of archaeological interest that could be adversely affected by the development. A brief issued by James Albone of NHES, archaeological adviser to the local planning authority, has specified the level of work required at this stage and is included as Appendix 1 in this report.
2.
Geology and topography
The site is in the northern part of an arable field; with a slight slope southwards from Flaxlands Road at a height of 60m AOD and the underlying geology is recorded as superficial deposits of the Lowestoft formation above chalk bedrock (British Geological Survey).
3.
Archaeology and historical background
The site is located in the historic core of the settlement of Carleton Rode, near the medieval All Saint’s Church (NHER 10039). Test pitting in the vicinity of the site has identified medieval and post-medieval pottery to the north (NHER 52727) and east (NHER 54179, 54180, 54182, 54191 and 54195). In addition an assemblage of prehistoric burnt flints and a single Late Anglo-Saxon pottery sherd have been recorded some 100m to the north of the site.
1
A Norfolk A
B
SUFFOLK
Carleton Rode
Essex
0
0
25 km
2 km 611700
611600
611500
611400
611300
611200
B N
ad
Flaxlands Ro
292700
Carleton Manor
Carleton Manor
292600
Church Farm 292500
292400
d h Roa Churc
292300
292200
TM
© Crown Copyright. All rights reserved. Suffolk County Council Licence No. 100023395 2012
0
200m
Figure 1. Location map, showing development area (red) and evaluation trenches (black)
2
N Tr.2
Tr.2
Tr.3
0003
S.2
S.2 0004
0003
0001
S.1
S.1 0002 0001
Tr.3
S.3
0005
S.3 Plough Soil
0006 0005 0
1.00m
2.50m
0
Plan Scale 1:50
Plan Scale 1:100
Figure 2. Trenches 2 and 3 plan and sections 3
5m
4.
Methodology
The Brief and Specification (Appendix 1) required that 5% of the development area (c. 380m2) should be subject to trial trenching. This equated to 210m of trenching, at 1.8m wide. The trench locations were sited in order to cover the areas most affected by the proposed development on the site and investigate near the street frontage of the site (it was not possible to evaluate directly adjacent to the road due to a hedge and overhead power lines). The trenches were excavated by a 7-tonne JCB-type 1800 mechanical excavator using a toothless ditching bucket. All machining was constantly supervised by an experienced archaeologist. Overburden was removed until the first archaeological horizon or top of the natural substrate was encountered. Deposits were recorded using SCCAS pro forma sheets and plans and sections were hand-drawn at 1:50 and 1:20 where necessary. A photographic record was made using a high resolution digital SLR camera and a monochrome film camera. The location of each trench was established prior to excavation using GPS surveying equipment to an accuracy of within 0.05m. A digital copy of the report will be submitted for inclusion on the Archaeology Data Service database (http://ads.ahds.ac.uk/catalogue/library/greylit) upon completion of the project. The site archives are recorded under NHER No. ENF 129343 and are currently kept in the store of Suffolk County Council Archaeological Service in Bury St Edmunds but final deposition will be with Norfolk Museums Service.
4
5.
Results
5.1
Trench results
Trench 1 Trench 1 was 40m long, 1.8m wide and up to c. 0.4m deep (Pl. 1), orientated approximately north-south on the eastern side of the development area, adjacent to an access track leading from Flaxlands Road to an Anglian Water installation south of the school. The stratigraphy encountered consisted of between 0.35m-0.4m of mid-dark brown clayey silt ploughsoil over mid/pale creamy brown clay with chalk nodules and flecking (natural geology). A modern land drain, lain by the current landowners, was noted running approximately NW-SE down the majority of the trench. No artefacts or deposits of archaeological concern were noted within this trench.
Plate 1. Trench 1, facing south
5
Trench 2 This trench was 50m long, 1.5m wide and up to c. 0.4m deep, orientated approximately northwest-southeast on the northern side of the development area, parallel to Flaxlands Road to the north (Fig. 2). The stratigraphy encountered consisted of between 0.35m0.4m of mid-dark brown clayey silt ploughsoil over mid/pale creamy brown clay with chalk nodules and flecking (natural geology). Ditch 0001 was noted towards the eastern end of this trench (Pl. 2 and Fig. 2), orientated approximately north-south, similarly to nearby surviving field boundaries. The ditch had steep sloped sides to a shallow concave base, was 1.37m wide and 0.56m deep and filled with a hard/densely compacted light greenish brown clay with occasional small charcoal and chalk flecks throughout. Bone and ceramic building material (CBM) fragments were recovered from this feature.
Plate 2. Ditch 0001, facing south (1m scale)
Gully 0003 was a very shallow linear feature with concave sides and a flat base (Pl. 3 and Fig. 2), orientated along the same line as ditch 0001. It was 0.43m wide and 0.1m deep, filled with a light greenish brown clay with occasional small charcoal and chalk fleck inclusions. No finds were recovered from this feature though it seems likely that it shares a date with 0001.
6
Plate 3. Gully 0003, facing south (0.3m scale)
Trench 3 Trench 3 was 40m long, 1.8m wide and up to c. 0.45m deep, orientated approximately east-west on the southern edge of the development area (Fig. 2). The stratigraphy encountered consisted of between 0.4m-0.45m of mid-dark brown clayey silt ploughsoil over mid/pale creamy brown clay with chalk nodules and flecking (natural geology). A single shallow linear feature was observed during the trench stripping, though after investigation it was felt that this was more likely to be a shallow undulation in the natural geology that had filled with a subsoil deposit. Feature 0005 was a very shallow wide linear depression orientated north-south, some 2m wide and approximately 0.1m deep (Pl. 4 and Fig. 2) with shallow sloped slightly concave sides to a flattish base and filled with a mid grey/brown firm silty clay with moderate chalk flecks, small-medium sized sub-rounded stones and occasional flecks of charcoal. A single small fragment of pottery was noted, though this disintegrated as it was removed from the surrounding soils.
7
Plate 4. Linear feature 0005, facing north (1m scale)
Trench 4 This trench was 50m long, 1.6m wide and up to c. 0.4m deep, orientated approximately north/south on the western side of the development area. The stratigraphy encountered consisted of between 0.35m-0.4m of mid-dark brown clayey silt ploughsoil over mid/pale creamy brown clay with chalk nodules and flecking (natural geology). A large amount of modern debris (including tarmac, plastic sheeting and broken brisk rubble) was encountered in the northernmost 16m of the trench, corresponding with an old pond which was backfilled some time between 1959 and 1976 according to Ordnance Survey maps of the area. No artefacts or deposits of archaeological concern were noted within this trench.
Trench 5 Trench 5 was 30m long, 1.8m wide and up to c. 0.4m deep (Pl. 5), orientated approximately north-south in the centre of the development area. The stratigraphy encountered consisted of approximately 0.3m of mid-dark brown clayey silt ploughsoil over 0.1m of mid grey/brown clayey silt subsoil which sealed the mid/pale creamy brown clay with chalk nodules and flecking (natural geology). Some features were observed during the stripping of this trench, believed to have natural geological origins, and further investigations confirmed this. No artefacts or deposits of archaeological concern were noted within this trench. 8
Plate 5. Trench 5 facing north (2 x 1m scales)
6.
Finds and environmental evidence
Richenda Goffin Four fragments of ceramic building material were recovered from 0002, the fill of a ditch (31g). The fragments, which are probably from a brick, were all made in a fine soft orange fabric with cream silty bands and occasional ferrous and red clay pellets and sparse small flint inclusions, which dates to the late medieval or post-medieval period. The fragmentary remains of nine pieces of animal bone were also present in this feature (36g).The most identifiable fragments are two sheep teeth. One undiagnostic fragment has been burnt.
9
Tr.2
Roads Field Boundaries Tr.3
Figure 3. Development area and trenches superimposed on 1st Edition OS map of 1884
10
7.
Discussion
The lack of any remains attributable to domestic occupation within the site is perhaps surprising given the proximity to the medieval church (and location within the assumed historic core of the village) however East Anglian medieval settlements were often dispersed away from the church with hamlets strung out along the road in a ribbondevelopment and it is possible that Carleton Rode could have stretched away from the church towards the east instead of being clustered around it more equally. In addition early development of rural plots was frequently less ordered than might be expected and areas of undeveloped roadside frontages adjacent to dwellings are not uncommon where an apparent roadside string originated as loose groupings of individual farmsteads, with some later infilling of gaps. The features encountered appear consistent in orientation with north-south orientated boundary ditches visible to the east of the site on the First Edition Ordnance Survey map of the area (Fig. 3) and are suspected to be of similar character. Examination of the Tithe Map, c.1840, shows a similar field layout.
8.
Conclusions
It seems likely that the features encountered during the course of this evaluation are related to a post-medieval field system, traces of which are still present in the current arrangement of hedges and land parcels south of Flaxlands Road. The absence of any deposits relating to domestic activity in Trench 2 suggests that this area was not settled during the medieval period (or later) as although the trench was placed 12m back from the roadside and therefore beyond the likely location of a roadside dwelling, such occupation would be expected to be accompanied by smaller boundaries and domestic refuse pits within yard and garden areas behind the houses.
11
9.
Archive deposition
Paper and photographic archive: SCCAS Bury St Edmunds Digital archive: SCCAS R:\Environmental Protection\Conservation\Archaeology\ Archive\Norfolk\Norfolk\Flaxlands, Carleton Rode Evaluation Digital photographic archive: SCCAS R:\Environmental Protection\Conservation\ Archaeology\Catalogues\Photos\HPA-HPZ\HPM 15-36 Finds and environmental archive: SCCAS Bury St Edmunds. Store Location: J / 115 / 4
10. Acknowledgements The fieldwork was carried out by Preston Boyles, Phil Camps and Simon Cass of SCCAS. Project management was undertaken by John Craven who also provided advice during the production of the report. Post-excavation management was provided by Simon Cass. Finds processing and analysis was undertaken by Jonathan Van Jennians and Richenda Goffin. The specialist finds report was produced by Richenda Goffin. The report illustrations were created by Gemma Adams and the report was edited by Richenda Goffin.
12
Appendix 1. NHES brief
Brief for Archaeological Evaluation by Trial Trenching at Flaxlands Road, Carleton Rode
BRIEF FOR ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVALUATION BY TRIAL TRENCHING AT LAND ADJACENT TO CARLETON RODE SCHOOL FLAXLANDS ROAD CARLETON RODE NORFOLK PLANNING AUTHORITY:
South Norfolk Council
PLANNING APPLICATION NO.:
2012/0863/N
HES REFERENCE
CNF43793
ASSOCIATED.
Yes
NHER NO. FOR THIS PROJECT:
To be arranged
GRID REFERENCE:
TM 1139 9247
MAP EXTRACT ATTACHED:
No
DEVELOPMENT PROPOSAL:
Housing
AREA:
0.75ha
CURRENT LAND USE:
Arable
ISSUED BY:
James Albone Planning Archaeologist Historic Environment Service Environment, Transport and Development Union House, Gressenhall Dereham, Norfolk NR20 4DR Tel: 01362 869279 (direct) [email protected]
DATE:
30th May 2012
If you need this document in large print, audio, Braille, alternative format or in a different language please contact James Albone on 01362 869279 and we will do our best to help.
Page 1 of 6
Brief for Archaeological Evaluation by Trial Trenching at Flaxlands Road, Carleton Rode
Summary The proposed development site is located in the historic core of the settlement of Carleton Rode close to the medieval parish church. Consequently there is potential that important heritage assets with archaeological interest (buried archaeological remains relating to the medieval settlement) may be present at the site and that the significance of these would be adversely affected by the proposed development Norfolk County Council Historic Environment Service has requested that the results of an archaeological evaluation are submitted with the planning application so that an informed and reasonable planning decision can be taken when the results of the evaluation have been considered. Trial trenching is required to determine the presence/absence, date, extent, state of preservation and significance of any archaeological layers or subsoil archaeological features.This evaluation may indicate a need for a further phase of archaeological excavation or monitoring during the development if features of importance are found and these cannot be preserved in situ.
1. Policy Background The relevant planning policies can be found in :South Norfolk Council’s South Norfolk Local Plan Deposit Version (May 1997), policies RUR 7-8. and National Planning Policy Framework. The Department of Communities and Local Government (2012).
2. Archaeological Background The proposed development site is located in the historic core of the settlement of Carleton Rode close to the medieval parish church. Consequently there is potential that important heritage assets with archaeological interest (buried archaeological remains relating to the medieval settlement) may be present at the site and that the significance of these would be adversely affected by the proposed development
3. Planning Background Norfolk County Council Historic Environment Service has requested that the results of an archaeological evaluation are submitted with the planning application for this development, in accordance with National Planning Policy Framework para. 128, so that an informed and reasonable planning decision can be taken when the results of the evaluation have been considered.
Page 2 of 6
Brief for Archaeological Evaluation by Trial Trenching at Flaxlands Road, Carleton Rode
This brief provides an outline of the first phase of a Programme of Archaeological Work (PoAW), the results of which will be assessed by the Historic Environment Service to determine whether further investigations (excavation or monitoring) are necessary should archaeological remains be found to exist on the site and these cannot be preserved in situ.
4. Requirement for Work Trial trenching is required to recover as much information as possible on the extent, date, phasing, character, function, status and significance of the site. The states of preservation of archaeological features or deposits within the area indicated should be determined. A 5% sample of the development area is required. Contractors should note that no element of this brief should be treated as a contingency unless agreed in advance with the Historic Environment Service. The trenches must characterise the full archaeological sequence down to the natural deposits. Provision should be made for the sampling of deposits for the analysis of palaeoenvironmental remains and for the scientific dating of deposits, artefacts or ecofacts where appropriate. Sampling strategies should be agreed during the course of the evaluation in consultation with Norfolk County Council Historic Environment Service and the English Heritage Regional Advisor for Archaeological Science. Project designs must confirm that relevant health and safety considerations have been built in. The potential of the area being contaminated by toxins must have been adequately investigated or plans for a pre-project investigation of ground conditions outlined. Appropriate tools for the job must be utilised and consideration for this shown in the project design. The relevant experience of the project team must be articulated within the project design. In particular the person leading the project in the field must have significant experience of appropriate archaeological methods, theory and safe practice. The archaeological contractor will prepare a method statement or specification for this phase of the PoAW and submit this to the Historic Environment Service for approval before costs are prepared for the commissioning client. The PoAW will include, as appropriate, background research, fieldwork, assessment, analysis, preparation of report, publication and deposition of the project archive. The Archaeological contractor will contact the HER Officer of the Historic Environment Service in advance of work starting to obtain a HER number for the site or, if a number is already given on the brief, to ensure that it is still applicable.
Page 3 of 6
Brief for Archaeological Evaluation by Trial Trenching at Flaxlands Road, Carleton Rode
The archaeological research aims and objectives of the project will be clearly stated, and the method statement or specification will demonstrate how these will be met. Appropriate reference will be made to the following documents:Glazebrook, J. (ed) 1997, Research and Archaeology: a Framework for the Eastern Counties, 1. Resource assessment (E. Anglian Archaeol. Occ. Pap. 3). Brown, N. and Glazebrook, J. (eds), 2000, Research and Archaeology: a Framework for the Eastern Counties, 2. Research agenda and strategy (E. Anglian Archaeol. Occ. Pap. 8). At the start of work (immediately before fieldwork commences) an OASIS online record http://ads.ahds.ac.uk/project/oasis/ must be initiated and key fields completed on Details, Location and Creators forms. When the project is completed, all parts of the OASIS online form must be completed for submission to the Norfolk Historic Environment Record. This will include an uploaded .pdf version of the entire report. A copy of the OASIS form must be included in the final report. Hard copies of the report must also be provided, as specified below.
5. Standards Method statements or specifications prepared by archaeological consultants or contractors should state that all works will be carried out in full accordance with the appropriate sections of Gurney, D., 2003, ‘Standards for Field Archaeology in the East of England’, as adopted by the Association of Local Government Archaeological Officers for the East of England Region and published as East Anglian Archaeology Occasional Paper 14. This is available as a PDF file on the web at www.eaareports.org.uk Archaeological contractors should note that the Standards document stipulates basic methodological standards. It is considered axiomatic that all contractors will strive to achieve the highest possible qualitative standards, with the application of the most advanced and appropriate techniques possible within a context of continuous improvement aimed at maximising the recovery of archaeological data and contributing to the development of a greater understanding of Norfolk’s historic environment. Monitoring officers will seek and expect clear evidence of commitment to the historic resource of Norfolk, with specifications being drawn up within a context of added value.
6. Other matters Archaeological contractors are reminded that they should submit a copy of their method statement or specification to the Historic Environment Service for approval, before costs are prepared for commissioning clients, in line with the Institute for Archaeologists’ guidance. Page 4 of 6
Brief for Archaeological Evaluation by Trial Trenching at Flaxlands Road, Carleton Rode
The method statement or specification should indicate the number of person days allocated to the fieldwork stage of the project The Historic Environment Service will be responsible for monitoring progress and standards throughout the project. The archaeological contractor will give the Historic Environment Service not less that two weeks’ written notice of the commencement of the work, so that arrangements for monitoring the project can be made. Any subsequent variation to a detailed project specification or method statement must be agreed with the Historic Environment Service prior to its implementation. This brief is valid for a period of one year from the date of issue. After that time, it may need to be revised to take account of new discoveries, changes in policy or the introduction of new working practices or techniques. Three hard copies and a PDF copy on CD of the report should be supplied to the Historic Environment Service for the attention of the Senior Archaeologist (Planning) within eight weeks of the completion of the fieldwork on the understanding that this will become a public document after an appropriate period of time (generally not exceeding six months). Two hard copies and the PDF file will be deposited with the Norfolk Historic Environment Record, and the third hard copy will be forwarded to the Local Planning Authority. A fourth copy of the report should be sent directly to the Regional Advisor for Archaeological Science, English Heritage, Brooklands House, 24 Brooklands Avenue, Cambridge CB2 2BU.
7. Notes for Applicants/developers The Historic Environment Service is responsible for safeguarding the county's archaeological heritage. The Historic Environment Service is consulted by local planning authorities and provides specialist information and advice on the archaeological implications of development proposals. An Archaeological Project will usually consist of one or more of the following:Desk-based assessment: a report drawing together existing information about a site from a wide range of sources. Survey: usually fieldwalking and metal-detecting, sometimes non-intrusive geophysical surveys (e.g. magnetometer survey) Evaluation: survey and/or trial-trenching or test-pitting. Excavation: larger-scale excavation Watching brief or monitoring: the presence of an archaeologist during the development to record any features exposed Post-excavation: analysis, and the preparation of a report and archive of records and finds at the end of any archaeological project
Page 5 of 6
Brief for Archaeological Evaluation by Trial Trenching at Flaxlands Road, Carleton Rode
A phased approach to fieldwork is frequently adopted, with one stage leading on to another (if necessary) after each phase is reported upon and reviewed. If an evaluation is required before an application is determined or if planning permission is granted subject to a condition for a programme of archaeological work, the Historic Environment Service will provide a brief for the archaeological project. This outline of the project is forwarded to you by the Historic Environment Service or the Planning Authority. You should then ask one or more archaeological contractors to prepare a method statement or specification which will detail how the project is to be undertaken, and how the brief will be fulfilled. This will be sent to the Historic Environment Service for approval on behalf of the planning authority, after which the contractor will give you details of costs. Details of archaeological contractors based in Norfolk and beyond may be found in the Institute for Archaeologists Yearbook & Directory, available from the I.F.A., University of Reading, 2 Earley Gate, PO Box 239, Reading RG6 6AU. Tel: 0118 931 6446. Fax: 0118 931 6448. Email: [email protected]. Website: www.archaeologists.net. The Historic Environment Service does not see contractors' costings, nor do we give advice on the costs of archaeological projects. This is between you and the archaeological contractor(s). You may wish to obtain a number of quotations or to employ the services of an archaeological consultant. For further information or advice on any archaeological matters please contact the person issuing this report whose details are on Page1.
Page 6 of 6
Appendix 2 - Context List Context No Feature No Feature Type 0001
0001
Ditch Cut
0002
0001
Ditch Fill
0003
0003
Gully Cut
Description/Interpretation
Finds Overall Date Env. Sample Trench
Ditch oreintated north-south. 1.37m wide and 0.56m deep, with steep slightly No concave sides and a concave base.
No
2
No
2
No
2
No
No
2
Shallow linear possible feature (most likely to be natural undulation). Shallow No sloped sides to a flattish base.
No
3
No
3
Ditch (probable post-med boundary ditch) Light brown/geen clay with ocacsional small charcoal and chalk flecks. Hard compaction.
Yes
Fill of probable post-med boundary ditch Shallow gully orientated north-south in Trench 2. Concave side to a flat base. No Gully 0004
0003
Gully Fill
Light brown/greeny clay with occasional small charcoal and chalk flecks. Hard compaction. Fill of small gully in Trench 2.
0005
0005
Linear Cut
Shallow linear feature - most likely to be natural undulation and infilling with subsoil remnant. Pottery fragment disintegrated on removal from surrounding soil (c. 7mm x5mm and 4mm thick). 0006
0005
Linear Fill
Mid greyish brown firm silty caly with moderate amounts of chalk flecksing, ocasional small -large sized sub-rounded and sub-anular flints and stones and occasional flecs of charcoal. Fill of shallow depression 0005.
No
Archaeological services Field Projects Team Delivering a full range of archaeological services
•
Desk-based assessments and advice
•
Site investigation
•
Outreach and educational resources
•
Historic Building Recording
•
Environmental processing
•
Finds analysis and photography
•
Graphics design and illustration
Contact:
Rhodri Gardner Tel: 01473 581743 Fax: 01473 288221 [email protected] www.suffolk.gov.uk/Environment/Archaeology/
