Lesson 1 â What is petroleum
Unit 3A – Petroleum: What Is It?
What is petroleum and how are petroleum resources distributed and used world-wide?
Petroleum
What is it?
Petroleum is a naturally occurring, flammable liquid found in rock formations in the Earth. Earth. It consists of a complex mixture of hydrocarbons of various lengths.
What is a hydrocarbon?
Hydrocarbon – a molecular compound composed of carbon and hydrogen atoms.
What is a hydrocarbon?
1
What are the components of petroleum?
What is the difference between natural gas, gasoline, kerosene, and motor oil?
The difference is the length of the carbon chains that make up those substances. Natural gas – 1-5 carbons Gasoline 5 – 13 carbons Jet fuel 15-18 carbons Motor oil and wax 16-20 carbons
Petroleum Recovery – Much like mining for minerals… minerals…
Petroleum Recovery – Much like mining for minerals… minerals…
World-wide consumption of petroleum resources is currently around 82 million barrels per day.
At current consumption levels, and assuming that oil will be consumed only from reservoirs, known recoverable reserves will be gone around 2039, potentially leading to a global energy crisis. crisis. (US DOE)
2
Crude Oil
Crude oil – petroleum pumped from underground
Crude oil must be refined to separate it into these various components.
Petroleum Oil Refinery
Bayway Refinery
3
Petroleum
What is it used for?
End uses for Petroleum Barrel of Crude Oil
7% chemical feedstocks (plastics, chemicals, fabrics, pharmaceuticals) 9% Asphalt, lubricants, waxes 84% fuel
Distribution of World’ World’s Petroleum Reserves, Population and Consumption of Petroleum
4
World Distribution of Petroleum Petroleum Reserves
Population
Petroleum consumption
No. America
7%
5%
31%
Central & So. America
9%
9%
7%
Western Europe
2%
7%
20%
Eastern Europe
6%
3%
7%
Africa
7%
13%
3%
Middle East
65%
3%
6%
Asia, Far East, Oceania
4%
60%
26%
Questions for the class… class…
Do you think America is “addicted to oil…” oil…”
Do you think that America’ America’s dependence on foreign oil is going to “hurt” hurt” our country in the future?
Do you think that more strict environmental standards would hurt the US economy?
Unit 3 Topics Unit 3 Petroleum
Petroleum as a material source .
What is it? Petroleum as an energy source.
5
What is petroleum and how are petroleum resources distributed and used world-wide?
Petroleum
What is it?
Petroleum is a naturally occurring, flammable liquid found in rock formations in the Earth. Earth. It consists of a complex mixture of hydrocarbons of various lengths.
What is a hydrocarbon?
Hydrocarbon – a molecular compound composed of carbon and hydrogen atoms.
What is a hydrocarbon?
1
What are the components of petroleum?
What is the difference between natural gas, gasoline, kerosene, and motor oil?
The difference is the length of the carbon chains that make up those substances. Natural gas – 1-5 carbons Gasoline 5 – 13 carbons Jet fuel 15-18 carbons Motor oil and wax 16-20 carbons
Petroleum Recovery – Much like mining for minerals… minerals…
Petroleum Recovery – Much like mining for minerals… minerals…
World-wide consumption of petroleum resources is currently around 82 million barrels per day.
At current consumption levels, and assuming that oil will be consumed only from reservoirs, known recoverable reserves will be gone around 2039, potentially leading to a global energy crisis. crisis. (US DOE)
2
Crude Oil
Crude oil – petroleum pumped from underground
Crude oil must be refined to separate it into these various components.
Petroleum Oil Refinery
Bayway Refinery
3
Petroleum
What is it used for?
End uses for Petroleum Barrel of Crude Oil
7% chemical feedstocks (plastics, chemicals, fabrics, pharmaceuticals) 9% Asphalt, lubricants, waxes 84% fuel
Distribution of World’ World’s Petroleum Reserves, Population and Consumption of Petroleum
4
World Distribution of Petroleum Petroleum Reserves
Population
Petroleum consumption
No. America
7%
5%
31%
Central & So. America
9%
9%
7%
Western Europe
2%
7%
20%
Eastern Europe
6%
3%
7%
Africa
7%
13%
3%
Middle East
65%
3%
6%
Asia, Far East, Oceania
4%
60%
26%
Questions for the class… class…
Do you think America is “addicted to oil…” oil…”
Do you think that America’ America’s dependence on foreign oil is going to “hurt” hurt” our country in the future?
Do you think that more strict environmental standards would hurt the US economy?
Unit 3 Topics Unit 3 Petroleum
Petroleum as a material source .
What is it? Petroleum as an energy source.
5
