Lesson 1 ~ Introduction leader's notes
Lesson 1 ~ Introduction leader’s notes Prayer How did we get the Bible? Canon comes from the Greek and means a carpenter’s measuring rod. Figuratively it means the standard by which something may be measured. With the Bible the term means those Books that are accepted as being part of the scriptures. The process of determining the canon was been usage. 2 Tim 3: 16 implies that even in the first century there was already a number of books that were recognised as authentic and authoritative. The Old Testament was established shortly after Malachi was written, about 430BC. The Jews officially recognised and closed the Old Testament. This was ratified at the Council of Jamnia in 90AD. Christians simply picked up the Jewish Bible and said this is the Old Testament. Lists for the New Testament books were in circulation from the end of the first century. Indeed by the beginning of the fourth century there was general agreement. This agreement was based upon the recognition given to the books by the early church fathers, the authorship, and the consistency with the rest of scripture. So in 367AD the Eastern Church officially adopted the New Testament and the Western Church did the same 397AD. The order of the Books in the Old Testament is based upon the Septuagint (a 3rd Century BC Greek translation) it is different to the order the Jews have. The order of the New Testament is determined by book type, time of writing, and author. Working in pairs;
1. Place cards in order as marked on them. Talk about classification of books (minor vs major prophets; *former vs latter prophets). 2. Rearrange in the order in our Bibles 3. Leader reads out dates of authorship (from list) and rearrange Talk about when record applies – and inter-testamental period.** 4. History of Hebrew nation using cards
w/s
*The Former Prophets so called because they present the history from God’s point of view. They also illustrate the importance of the prophets. Former Prophets include: Joshua, Judges, Samuel (1 & 2), and Kings (1&2).
**The period between the Old and New Testaments is sometimes referred to as the “Silence”. The Apocrypha is a name for a set of books not found Protestant Bibles or in Jew ones – they are generally lacking 1 or more criteria for Scripture: authenticity, consistency with the rest of scripture, recognition by early Church fathers. They are however seen as having value and parts are included in Orthodox and Catholic Bibles. They include: The longer version of Esther, Judith, Tobit, 1, 2 and 3 Maccabees, Psalm 151, Wisdom of Solomon, Sirach (aka Ecclesiasticus), Baruch, Letter of Jerimiah, the Longer version of Daniel, 1 Esdras.
Divisions into chapter and verse were done to aid translation and was standardised to the Geneva Bible (between about 1440 and 1550).
Photocopy masters for the cards are included. The numbers on the cards for the Old Testament Books refer to the order in the Jewish Bible. I suggest you use different colours for set of Old Testament books. Note that the minor or short prophets are listed at “the Twelve” as per Jewish tradition.
Writings – “Five Rolls” Writings – “Five Rolls” Writings – “Five Rolls” Writings – “Five Rolls” Writings – “Five Rolls”
17
Song of Solomon
18
Ruth
19
Lamentations
20
Ecclesiastes
21
Esther
Writings – “Five Rolls” Writings – “Five Rolls” Writings – “Five Rolls” Writings – “Five Rolls” Writings – “Five Rolls”
17
Song of Solomon
18
Ruth
19
Lamentations
20
Ecclesiastes
21
Esther
Former Prophets 6 Former Prophets 7 Former Prophets 8 Former Prophets 9 Former Prophets 6 Former Prophets 7 Former Prophets 8 Former Prophets 9 Former Prophets 6 Former Prophets 7 Former Prophets 8 Former Prophets 9 Former Prophets 6 Former Prophets 7 Former Prophets 8 Former Prophets 9
Joshua Judges (& Ruth) Samuel (1 & 2) Kings (1 & 2) Joshua Judges (& Ruth) Samuel (1 & 2) Kings (1 & 2) Joshua Judges (& Ruth) Samuel (1 & 2) Kings (1 & 2) Joshua Judges (& Ruth) Samuel (1 & 2) Kings (1 & 2)
Writings – Historical Books Writings – Historical Books Writings – Historical Books
22
Daniel
23
Ezra - Nehemiah
24
Chronicles (1 & 2)
Writings – Historical Books Writings – Historical Books Writings – Historical Books
22
Daniel
23
Ezra - Nehemiah
24
Chronicles (1 & 2)
Writings – Historical Books Writings – Historical Books Writings – Historical Books
22
Daniel
23
Ezra - Nehemiah
24
Chronicles (1 & 2)
Writings – Historical Books Writings – Historical Books Writings – Historical Books
22
Daniel
23
Ezra - Nehemiah
24
Chronicles (1 & 2)
Latter Prophets
10
Latter Prophets
11
Latter Prophets
12
Latter Prophets
13
Isaiah Jeremiah (& Lamentations) Ezekiel “The twelve” minor prophets
Latter Prophets
10
Latter Prophets
11
Latter Prophets
12
Latter Prophets
13
Isaiah Jeremiah (& Lamentations) Ezekiel “The twelve” minor prophets
Latter Prophets
10
Latter Prophets
11
Latter Prophets
12
Latter Prophets
13
Isaiah Jeremiah (& Lamentations) Ezekiel “The twelve” minor prophets
Law
1
Law
2
Law
3
Law
4
Law
5
Law
1
Law
2
Law
3
Law
4
Law
5
Law
1
Law
2
Law
3
Law
4
Law
5
Genesis Exodus Leviticus Numbers Deuteronomy Genesis Exodus Leviticus Numbers Deuteronomy Genesis Exodus Leviticus Numbers Deuteronomy
Poetical writings 14 Poetical writings 15 Poetical writings 16 Poetical writings 14 Poetical writings 15 Poetical writings 16 Poetical writings 14 Poetical writings 15 Poetical writings 16 Poetical writings 14 Poetical writings 15 Poetical writings 16 Poetical writings 14 Poetical writings 15 Poetical writings 16
Psalms Proverbs Job Psalms Proverbs Job Psalms Proverbs Job Psalms Proverbs Job Psalms Proverbs Job
Gospel
NT 1
Gospel
NT 2
Gospel
NT 3
Gospel
NT 4
Gospel
NT 1
Gospel
NT 2
Gospel
NT 3
Gospel
NT 4
Gospel
NT 1
Gospel
NT 2
Gospel
NT 3
Gospel
NT 4
Gospel
NT 1
Gospel
NT 2
Gospel
NT 3
Gospel
NT 4
Matthew Mark Luke John Matthew Mark Luke John Matthew Mark Luke John Matthew Mark Luke John
History
NT 5
Acts of the Apostles
History
NT 5
Acts of the Apostles
History
NT 5
Acts of the Apostles
History
NT 5
Acts of the Apostles
History
NT 5
Acts of the Apostles
History
NT 5
Acts of the Apostles
History
NT 5
Acts of the Apostles
NT Letters
NT 6 to 18
NT Letters
NT 19
NT Letters
NT 20
NT Letters
NT 21 -22
NT Letters
NT 23-25
NT Letters
NT 26
NT Letters
NT 6 to 18
NT Letters
NT 19
NT Letters
NT 20
NT Letters
NT 21 -22
NT Letters
NT 23-25
NT Letters
NT 26
NT Letters
NT 6 to 18
NT Letters
NT 19
NT Letters
NT 20
NT Letters
NT 21 -22
NT Letters
NT 23-25
NT Letters
NT 26
Pauline Epistles Hebrews James Peter (1 & 2) John (1, 2 & 3) Jude Pauline Epistles Hebrews James Peter (1 & 2) John (1, 2 & 3) Jude Pauline Epistles Hebrews James Peter (1 & 2) John (1, 2 & 3) Jude
NT Prophecy (Apocalyptic)
NT 27
Revelations
NT Prophecy (Apocalyptic)
NT 27
Revelations
NT Prophecy (Apocalyptic)
NT 27
Revelations
NT Prophecy (Apocalyptic)
NT 27
Revelations
NT Prophecy (Apocalyptic)
NT 27
Revelations
NT Prophecy (Apocalyptic)
NT 27
Revelations
NT Prophecy (Apocalyptic)
NT 27
Revelations
Dates of New Testament Books #
Name of Book
Approximate date of writing
Author
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27
James Galatians (Pauline Letter) Matthew Mark 1 Thessalonians (Pauline Letter) 2 Thessalonians (Pauline Letter) 1 Corinthians (Pauline Letter) 2 Corinthians (Pauline Letter) Romans (Pauline Letter) Luke Ephesians (Pauline Letter) Philippians (Pauline Letter) Colossians (Pauline Letter) Philemon (Pauline Letter) Acts 1 Timothy (Pauline Letter) Titus (Pauline Letter) 1 Peter 2 Timothy (Pauline Letter) 2 Peter Hebrews Jude John 1 John 2 John 3 John Revelation
45-49AD 49-50AD 50-60AD 50-60AD 51AD 51-52AD 55AD 55-56AD 56AD 60-61AD 60-62AD 60-62AD 60-62AD 60-62AD 62AD 62-64AD 62-64AD 64-65AD 66-67AD 67-68AD 67-69AD 68-70AD 80-90AD 90-95AD 90-95AD 90-95AD 95-96AD
James Paul Matthew Mark Paul Paul Paul Paul Paul Luke Paul Paul Paul Paul Luke Paul Paul Peter Paul Peter unknown Jude John John John John John
Dates for Old Testament Books #
Book
Approximate date of writing
Author
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39
Job Genesis Exodus Leviticus Numbers Deuteronomy Psalms Joshua Judges Ruth Song of Solomon Proverbs Ecclesiastes 1 Samuel 2 Samuel Obadiah (Minor Prophet) Joel (Minor Prophet) Jonah (Minor Prophet) Amos (Minor Prophet) Hosea (Minor Prophet) Micah (Minor Prophet) Isaiah Nahum (Minor Prophet) Zephaniah (Minor Prophet) Habakkuk (Minor Prophet) Ezekiel Lamentations Jeremiah 1 Kings 2 Kings Daniel Haggai (Minor Prophet) Zechariah (Minor Prophet) Ezra 1 Chronicles 2 Chronicles Esther Malachi Nehemiah
unknown 1445-1405BC 1445-1405BC 1445-1405BC 1445-1405BC 1445-1405BC 1410-450BC 1405-1385BC C. 1043BC c. 1030-1010BC 971-965BC 971-686BC 940-931BC 931-722BC 931-722BC 850-840BC 835-796BC c. 760BC c. 755BC 755-710BC 735-710BC 700-681BC c. 650BC 635-625BC 614-605BC 590-570BC 568BC 568-570BC 561-538BC 561-538BC 536-530BC c. 520BC 480-470BC 457-444BC 450-430BC 450-430BC 450-331BC 433-424BC 424-400BC
unknown Moses Moses Moses Moses Moses multiple Joshua Samuel Samuel? Solomon Mainly Solomon Solomon anonymous anonymous Obadiah Joel Jonah Amos Hosea Micah Isaiah Hahum Zephaniah Habakkuk Ezekiel Jeremiah Jeremiah anonymous anonymous Daniel Haggai Zechariah Ezra Ezra? Ezra? anonymous Malachi Ezra
Homework 1 Prepared by Ps Bruce Clarke June 2014
The Bible Overview
8
1
From lesson 1 Day 1 1. The Pentateuch contains mostly history, so why are they not listed as History Books?
Read Ex 15: 1 -18 2. What type of literature is it? 3. Why is Exodus not listed as a Poetry Book or a Book of Writings?
4. Which Book or Books in the New Testament are similar to the Old Testament History Books? Why?
Ready for Lesson 2 Day 2 Read Job 11: 7 -12 5. What type of literature is this? 6.What is the main point of these verses?
2
7
7. Verse 12 is an exaggeration. Is it humorous? What is it saying?
Day 3 Read Isaiah 55: 6 -9 8. Select a verse that repeats the same main point as the passage from Job.
Read Ps 19: 1 -6 9. What is the theme of these verses?
Day 4 Read Deu 29: 29 and Rom 16: 25-27 10. Are the secrets in these verses the same?
11. What is revealed according to Rom 1: 18-23?
12. What concept is common to the poems from Days 2 and 3 with the passages for Day 4?
6
3
Day 5 Read Ex 24: 3 -8 13. What did Moses write down?
20. Why is the question in verse 3 asked? What does it imply about scripture?
14. What did Moses read to the people in verse 7?
15. What was Moses doing when he read verse 7?
16. What can we learn from this passage?
Day 6 Read John 13: 12 -20 17. What is Jesus’ main point?
18. How does it relate to the Exodus passage above?
Read Romans 4: 1 -8 19. What is the main point?
4
5
1. Place cards in order as marked on them. Talk about classification of books (minor vs major prophets; *former vs latter prophets). 2. Rearrange in the order in our Bibles 3. Leader reads out dates of authorship (from list) and rearrange Talk about when record applies – and inter-testamental period.** 4. History of Hebrew nation using cards
w/s
*The Former Prophets so called because they present the history from God’s point of view. They also illustrate the importance of the prophets. Former Prophets include: Joshua, Judges, Samuel (1 & 2), and Kings (1&2).
**The period between the Old and New Testaments is sometimes referred to as the “Silence”. The Apocrypha is a name for a set of books not found Protestant Bibles or in Jew ones – they are generally lacking 1 or more criteria for Scripture: authenticity, consistency with the rest of scripture, recognition by early Church fathers. They are however seen as having value and parts are included in Orthodox and Catholic Bibles. They include: The longer version of Esther, Judith, Tobit, 1, 2 and 3 Maccabees, Psalm 151, Wisdom of Solomon, Sirach (aka Ecclesiasticus), Baruch, Letter of Jerimiah, the Longer version of Daniel, 1 Esdras.
Divisions into chapter and verse were done to aid translation and was standardised to the Geneva Bible (between about 1440 and 1550).
Photocopy masters for the cards are included. The numbers on the cards for the Old Testament Books refer to the order in the Jewish Bible. I suggest you use different colours for set of Old Testament books. Note that the minor or short prophets are listed at “the Twelve” as per Jewish tradition.
Writings – “Five Rolls” Writings – “Five Rolls” Writings – “Five Rolls” Writings – “Five Rolls” Writings – “Five Rolls”
17
Song of Solomon
18
Ruth
19
Lamentations
20
Ecclesiastes
21
Esther
Writings – “Five Rolls” Writings – “Five Rolls” Writings – “Five Rolls” Writings – “Five Rolls” Writings – “Five Rolls”
17
Song of Solomon
18
Ruth
19
Lamentations
20
Ecclesiastes
21
Esther
Former Prophets 6 Former Prophets 7 Former Prophets 8 Former Prophets 9 Former Prophets 6 Former Prophets 7 Former Prophets 8 Former Prophets 9 Former Prophets 6 Former Prophets 7 Former Prophets 8 Former Prophets 9 Former Prophets 6 Former Prophets 7 Former Prophets 8 Former Prophets 9
Joshua Judges (& Ruth) Samuel (1 & 2) Kings (1 & 2) Joshua Judges (& Ruth) Samuel (1 & 2) Kings (1 & 2) Joshua Judges (& Ruth) Samuel (1 & 2) Kings (1 & 2) Joshua Judges (& Ruth) Samuel (1 & 2) Kings (1 & 2)
Writings – Historical Books Writings – Historical Books Writings – Historical Books
22
Daniel
23
Ezra - Nehemiah
24
Chronicles (1 & 2)
Writings – Historical Books Writings – Historical Books Writings – Historical Books
22
Daniel
23
Ezra - Nehemiah
24
Chronicles (1 & 2)
Writings – Historical Books Writings – Historical Books Writings – Historical Books
22
Daniel
23
Ezra - Nehemiah
24
Chronicles (1 & 2)
Writings – Historical Books Writings – Historical Books Writings – Historical Books
22
Daniel
23
Ezra - Nehemiah
24
Chronicles (1 & 2)
Latter Prophets
10
Latter Prophets
11
Latter Prophets
12
Latter Prophets
13
Isaiah Jeremiah (& Lamentations) Ezekiel “The twelve” minor prophets
Latter Prophets
10
Latter Prophets
11
Latter Prophets
12
Latter Prophets
13
Isaiah Jeremiah (& Lamentations) Ezekiel “The twelve” minor prophets
Latter Prophets
10
Latter Prophets
11
Latter Prophets
12
Latter Prophets
13
Isaiah Jeremiah (& Lamentations) Ezekiel “The twelve” minor prophets
Law
1
Law
2
Law
3
Law
4
Law
5
Law
1
Law
2
Law
3
Law
4
Law
5
Law
1
Law
2
Law
3
Law
4
Law
5
Genesis Exodus Leviticus Numbers Deuteronomy Genesis Exodus Leviticus Numbers Deuteronomy Genesis Exodus Leviticus Numbers Deuteronomy
Poetical writings 14 Poetical writings 15 Poetical writings 16 Poetical writings 14 Poetical writings 15 Poetical writings 16 Poetical writings 14 Poetical writings 15 Poetical writings 16 Poetical writings 14 Poetical writings 15 Poetical writings 16 Poetical writings 14 Poetical writings 15 Poetical writings 16
Psalms Proverbs Job Psalms Proverbs Job Psalms Proverbs Job Psalms Proverbs Job Psalms Proverbs Job
Gospel
NT 1
Gospel
NT 2
Gospel
NT 3
Gospel
NT 4
Gospel
NT 1
Gospel
NT 2
Gospel
NT 3
Gospel
NT 4
Gospel
NT 1
Gospel
NT 2
Gospel
NT 3
Gospel
NT 4
Gospel
NT 1
Gospel
NT 2
Gospel
NT 3
Gospel
NT 4
Matthew Mark Luke John Matthew Mark Luke John Matthew Mark Luke John Matthew Mark Luke John
History
NT 5
Acts of the Apostles
History
NT 5
Acts of the Apostles
History
NT 5
Acts of the Apostles
History
NT 5
Acts of the Apostles
History
NT 5
Acts of the Apostles
History
NT 5
Acts of the Apostles
History
NT 5
Acts of the Apostles
NT Letters
NT 6 to 18
NT Letters
NT 19
NT Letters
NT 20
NT Letters
NT 21 -22
NT Letters
NT 23-25
NT Letters
NT 26
NT Letters
NT 6 to 18
NT Letters
NT 19
NT Letters
NT 20
NT Letters
NT 21 -22
NT Letters
NT 23-25
NT Letters
NT 26
NT Letters
NT 6 to 18
NT Letters
NT 19
NT Letters
NT 20
NT Letters
NT 21 -22
NT Letters
NT 23-25
NT Letters
NT 26
Pauline Epistles Hebrews James Peter (1 & 2) John (1, 2 & 3) Jude Pauline Epistles Hebrews James Peter (1 & 2) John (1, 2 & 3) Jude Pauline Epistles Hebrews James Peter (1 & 2) John (1, 2 & 3) Jude
NT Prophecy (Apocalyptic)
NT 27
Revelations
NT Prophecy (Apocalyptic)
NT 27
Revelations
NT Prophecy (Apocalyptic)
NT 27
Revelations
NT Prophecy (Apocalyptic)
NT 27
Revelations
NT Prophecy (Apocalyptic)
NT 27
Revelations
NT Prophecy (Apocalyptic)
NT 27
Revelations
NT Prophecy (Apocalyptic)
NT 27
Revelations
Dates of New Testament Books #
Name of Book
Approximate date of writing
Author
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27
James Galatians (Pauline Letter) Matthew Mark 1 Thessalonians (Pauline Letter) 2 Thessalonians (Pauline Letter) 1 Corinthians (Pauline Letter) 2 Corinthians (Pauline Letter) Romans (Pauline Letter) Luke Ephesians (Pauline Letter) Philippians (Pauline Letter) Colossians (Pauline Letter) Philemon (Pauline Letter) Acts 1 Timothy (Pauline Letter) Titus (Pauline Letter) 1 Peter 2 Timothy (Pauline Letter) 2 Peter Hebrews Jude John 1 John 2 John 3 John Revelation
45-49AD 49-50AD 50-60AD 50-60AD 51AD 51-52AD 55AD 55-56AD 56AD 60-61AD 60-62AD 60-62AD 60-62AD 60-62AD 62AD 62-64AD 62-64AD 64-65AD 66-67AD 67-68AD 67-69AD 68-70AD 80-90AD 90-95AD 90-95AD 90-95AD 95-96AD
James Paul Matthew Mark Paul Paul Paul Paul Paul Luke Paul Paul Paul Paul Luke Paul Paul Peter Paul Peter unknown Jude John John John John John
Dates for Old Testament Books #
Book
Approximate date of writing
Author
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39
Job Genesis Exodus Leviticus Numbers Deuteronomy Psalms Joshua Judges Ruth Song of Solomon Proverbs Ecclesiastes 1 Samuel 2 Samuel Obadiah (Minor Prophet) Joel (Minor Prophet) Jonah (Minor Prophet) Amos (Minor Prophet) Hosea (Minor Prophet) Micah (Minor Prophet) Isaiah Nahum (Minor Prophet) Zephaniah (Minor Prophet) Habakkuk (Minor Prophet) Ezekiel Lamentations Jeremiah 1 Kings 2 Kings Daniel Haggai (Minor Prophet) Zechariah (Minor Prophet) Ezra 1 Chronicles 2 Chronicles Esther Malachi Nehemiah
unknown 1445-1405BC 1445-1405BC 1445-1405BC 1445-1405BC 1445-1405BC 1410-450BC 1405-1385BC C. 1043BC c. 1030-1010BC 971-965BC 971-686BC 940-931BC 931-722BC 931-722BC 850-840BC 835-796BC c. 760BC c. 755BC 755-710BC 735-710BC 700-681BC c. 650BC 635-625BC 614-605BC 590-570BC 568BC 568-570BC 561-538BC 561-538BC 536-530BC c. 520BC 480-470BC 457-444BC 450-430BC 450-430BC 450-331BC 433-424BC 424-400BC
unknown Moses Moses Moses Moses Moses multiple Joshua Samuel Samuel? Solomon Mainly Solomon Solomon anonymous anonymous Obadiah Joel Jonah Amos Hosea Micah Isaiah Hahum Zephaniah Habakkuk Ezekiel Jeremiah Jeremiah anonymous anonymous Daniel Haggai Zechariah Ezra Ezra? Ezra? anonymous Malachi Ezra
Homework 1 Prepared by Ps Bruce Clarke June 2014
The Bible Overview
8
1
From lesson 1 Day 1 1. The Pentateuch contains mostly history, so why are they not listed as History Books?
Read Ex 15: 1 -18 2. What type of literature is it? 3. Why is Exodus not listed as a Poetry Book or a Book of Writings?
4. Which Book or Books in the New Testament are similar to the Old Testament History Books? Why?
Ready for Lesson 2 Day 2 Read Job 11: 7 -12 5. What type of literature is this? 6.What is the main point of these verses?
2
7
7. Verse 12 is an exaggeration. Is it humorous? What is it saying?
Day 3 Read Isaiah 55: 6 -9 8. Select a verse that repeats the same main point as the passage from Job.
Read Ps 19: 1 -6 9. What is the theme of these verses?
Day 4 Read Deu 29: 29 and Rom 16: 25-27 10. Are the secrets in these verses the same?
11. What is revealed according to Rom 1: 18-23?
12. What concept is common to the poems from Days 2 and 3 with the passages for Day 4?
6
3
Day 5 Read Ex 24: 3 -8 13. What did Moses write down?
20. Why is the question in verse 3 asked? What does it imply about scripture?
14. What did Moses read to the people in verse 7?
15. What was Moses doing when he read verse 7?
16. What can we learn from this passage?
Day 6 Read John 13: 12 -20 17. What is Jesus’ main point?
18. How does it relate to the Exodus passage above?
Read Romans 4: 1 -8 19. What is the main point?
4
5
