limitations
39611: Energy Demand and Utilization
Analysis of Innovative Insulation Materials in Residential Buildings Yian Wang, Chen Ling, Ye Li, Ziying Han RESULTS
INTRODUCTION
Pittsburgh, PA*
Insulation Introduction ● Function: o Cooler in summer o Warmer in winter ● Reduction: o Fuel cost o CO2 emission
Insulation Materials VIP Fumed Silica Aerogel Blanket
Annual Saving on Gas ($)
Annual Saving on Electricity ($)
Annual Saving on Gas ($)
72.98
208.96
349.94
5.87
55.98
160.28
268.42
4.50
22.44
64.26
107.62
1.80
11.17
31.98
53.56
0.90
-32.90
-94.20
-157.75
-2.65
Mineral Wool Batt Recycled PET Straw Bale
*PA prices (2017): electricity - 14.50 cents/kWh; gas - 11.36 $/Mcf (EIA State Energy Profile Data) **FL prices (2017): electricity - 12.47 cents/kWh; gas - 22.32 $/Mcf (EIA State Energy Profile Data)
Motivation ● Main Principle: o Save money o Reduce GHG emission ● Facts: o Insulation doesn’t cost a lot to reduce its CO2 emission Insulation Material Principle ● High R value, low U value ● Reasonably fireproof, insect-proof ● Cheaper, durable, readily available Materials
Annual Saving on Electricity ($)
Miami, FL**
All insulation materials except straw bale are more expensive than fiberglass batt on a per R-value basis.
Fiberglass Batt
VIP Fumed Silica
Aerogel Blanket
Mineral Wool Batt
Recycled PET
Straw Bale
3.1
33.5
10.2
4.3
3.6
2.2
0.05
7.97
6.73
0.23
0.13
0.017
Annual savings on electricity and gas are the highest for VIP fumed silica and aerogel blanket and negative for straw bale.
2
R-value (h-ft °F/Btu-inch) 2
Cost ($/ft /in)
Discounted payback period is the longest for VIP fumed Reduction of CO2 emission is the highest for VIP fumed silica and aerogel blanket and the shortest for straw bale. silica and aerogel blanket and negative for straw bale.
CONCLUSIONS/ LIMITATIONS METHODOLOGY
• Conclusions o
(Tin - Tout ) Awall t Qloss = R ( HDD) seasonal A = ( 24hrs ) R (Tout - Tin ) Awall t Qgain = R (CDD) seasonal A = ( 24hrs ) R
o
o
o o
Location
Seasonal HDD
Seasonal CDD
Pittsburgh
2498
605
Miami
36
3373
•
•
•
•
Compared with Pennsylvania, residential buildings in Florida have higher annual savings and CO2 reduction for the same materials. Limited local accessibility to new insulation technologies. Consumer preferences limit their choices of insulation materials. Expensive construction costs limit production of new insulation materials.
REFERENCES •
Calculation & Analysis 1. Cost per R value 2. Gas & Electricity Savings 3. Payback periods 4. CO2 emission savings Pittsburgh versus Miami.
For consumers with high tolerance of long payback period, such as government buildings, VIP fumed silica and aerogel blanket are recommended.
• Limitations
o
•
For consumers with low tolerance of long payback period, the optimal choices for insulation materials are mineral wool batt and recycled PET.
•
•
• • • • •
Energy and economic analysis of Vacuum Insulation Panels (VIPs) used in non-domestic buildings - ScienceDirect. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261916317469 Fahim AI-Neshawy. (n.d.). Lecture 8.Thermal insulation for buildings. Retrieved from https://mycourses.aalto.fi/pluginfile.php/272892/course/section/60458/Lec08_Thermal_Insulation.pdf Garas G, Allam M, & EI Dessuly R. (2009, November). Straw Bale Construction as an Economic Environmental Building Alternative- A Case Study. Retrieved from http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.611.8776&rep=rep1&type=pdf Kathryn Hamilton. (n.d.). Thermal Inertia of Straw Bale Walls. Retrieved from https://web.ornl.gov/sci/buildings/confarchive/1998%20B7%20papers/063_Arumi_Noe.pdf Nitin C.Shukla, Ali Fallahi, & Jan Kosny. (n.d.). Aerogel for Thermal Insulation of Interior Wall Retrofits in Cold Climate. Retrieved from https://www.brikbase.org/sites/default/files/best3_shukla.pdf Owens Corning® Thermafiber® R-15 Mineral Wool Insulation Batt 23" x 47" (37.5 sq. ft.). (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.menards.com/main/buildingmaterials/insulation/insulation-rolls-batts/owens-corning-reg-thermafiber-reg-r-15-mineral-wool-insulation-batt-23-x-47-37-5-sq-ft/1617301/p-1445972379610.htm https://www.professionalplastics.com/professionalplastics/ThermalPropertiesofPlasticMaterials.pdf Types of Insulation | Department of Energy. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://energy.gov/energysaver/weatherize/insulation/types-insulation Supasoft. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.phstore.co.uk/supaloft Thermablok Aerogel Insulation Blanket Thermablok Aerogel Blanket. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.ribaproductselector.com/Docs/6/20666/external/COL393469.pdf Thermal Conductivity of Straw Bales: Full Size Measurements Considering the Direction of the Heat Flow (PDF Download Available). (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/313411984_Thermal_Conductivity_of_Straw_Bales_Full_Size_Measurements_Considering_the_Direction_of_the_Heat_Flow
Analysis of Innovative Insulation Materials in Residential Buildings Yian Wang, Chen Ling, Ye Li, Ziying Han RESULTS
INTRODUCTION
Pittsburgh, PA*
Insulation Introduction ● Function: o Cooler in summer o Warmer in winter ● Reduction: o Fuel cost o CO2 emission
Insulation Materials VIP Fumed Silica Aerogel Blanket
Annual Saving on Gas ($)
Annual Saving on Electricity ($)
Annual Saving on Gas ($)
72.98
208.96
349.94
5.87
55.98
160.28
268.42
4.50
22.44
64.26
107.62
1.80
11.17
31.98
53.56
0.90
-32.90
-94.20
-157.75
-2.65
Mineral Wool Batt Recycled PET Straw Bale
*PA prices (2017): electricity - 14.50 cents/kWh; gas - 11.36 $/Mcf (EIA State Energy Profile Data) **FL prices (2017): electricity - 12.47 cents/kWh; gas - 22.32 $/Mcf (EIA State Energy Profile Data)
Motivation ● Main Principle: o Save money o Reduce GHG emission ● Facts: o Insulation doesn’t cost a lot to reduce its CO2 emission Insulation Material Principle ● High R value, low U value ● Reasonably fireproof, insect-proof ● Cheaper, durable, readily available Materials
Annual Saving on Electricity ($)
Miami, FL**
All insulation materials except straw bale are more expensive than fiberglass batt on a per R-value basis.
Fiberglass Batt
VIP Fumed Silica
Aerogel Blanket
Mineral Wool Batt
Recycled PET
Straw Bale
3.1
33.5
10.2
4.3
3.6
2.2
0.05
7.97
6.73
0.23
0.13
0.017
Annual savings on electricity and gas are the highest for VIP fumed silica and aerogel blanket and negative for straw bale.
2
R-value (h-ft °F/Btu-inch) 2
Cost ($/ft /in)
Discounted payback period is the longest for VIP fumed Reduction of CO2 emission is the highest for VIP fumed silica and aerogel blanket and the shortest for straw bale. silica and aerogel blanket and negative for straw bale.
CONCLUSIONS/ LIMITATIONS METHODOLOGY
• Conclusions o
(Tin - Tout ) Awall t Qloss = R ( HDD) seasonal A = ( 24hrs ) R (Tout - Tin ) Awall t Qgain = R (CDD) seasonal A = ( 24hrs ) R
o
o
o o
Location
Seasonal HDD
Seasonal CDD
Pittsburgh
2498
605
Miami
36
3373
•
•
•
•
Compared with Pennsylvania, residential buildings in Florida have higher annual savings and CO2 reduction for the same materials. Limited local accessibility to new insulation technologies. Consumer preferences limit their choices of insulation materials. Expensive construction costs limit production of new insulation materials.
REFERENCES •
Calculation & Analysis 1. Cost per R value 2. Gas & Electricity Savings 3. Payback periods 4. CO2 emission savings Pittsburgh versus Miami.
For consumers with high tolerance of long payback period, such as government buildings, VIP fumed silica and aerogel blanket are recommended.
• Limitations
o
•
For consumers with low tolerance of long payback period, the optimal choices for insulation materials are mineral wool batt and recycled PET.
•
•
• • • • •
Energy and economic analysis of Vacuum Insulation Panels (VIPs) used in non-domestic buildings - ScienceDirect. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261916317469 Fahim AI-Neshawy. (n.d.). Lecture 8.Thermal insulation for buildings. Retrieved from https://mycourses.aalto.fi/pluginfile.php/272892/course/section/60458/Lec08_Thermal_Insulation.pdf Garas G, Allam M, & EI Dessuly R. (2009, November). Straw Bale Construction as an Economic Environmental Building Alternative- A Case Study. Retrieved from http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.611.8776&rep=rep1&type=pdf Kathryn Hamilton. (n.d.). Thermal Inertia of Straw Bale Walls. Retrieved from https://web.ornl.gov/sci/buildings/confarchive/1998%20B7%20papers/063_Arumi_Noe.pdf Nitin C.Shukla, Ali Fallahi, & Jan Kosny. (n.d.). Aerogel for Thermal Insulation of Interior Wall Retrofits in Cold Climate. Retrieved from https://www.brikbase.org/sites/default/files/best3_shukla.pdf Owens Corning® Thermafiber® R-15 Mineral Wool Insulation Batt 23" x 47" (37.5 sq. ft.). (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.menards.com/main/buildingmaterials/insulation/insulation-rolls-batts/owens-corning-reg-thermafiber-reg-r-15-mineral-wool-insulation-batt-23-x-47-37-5-sq-ft/1617301/p-1445972379610.htm https://www.professionalplastics.com/professionalplastics/ThermalPropertiesofPlasticMaterials.pdf Types of Insulation | Department of Energy. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://energy.gov/energysaver/weatherize/insulation/types-insulation Supasoft. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.phstore.co.uk/supaloft Thermablok Aerogel Insulation Blanket Thermablok Aerogel Blanket. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.ribaproductselector.com/Docs/6/20666/external/COL393469.pdf Thermal Conductivity of Straw Bales: Full Size Measurements Considering the Direction of the Heat Flow (PDF Download Available). (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/313411984_Thermal_Conductivity_of_Straw_Bales_Full_Size_Measurements_Considering_the_Direction_of_the_Heat_Flow
