Master Tree List - Arlingtonva
Master Tree List Genus
Species
Common Name
Type
Mature size (WxH)
Minimum Spacing (Ft.) Growth Rate Along streets
Light
Acer
griseum
Paperbark maple
Deciduous small tree
15x20
15 Slow
Full to partial sun
Acer
negundo
Boxelder
Deciduous canopy tree
40X50
Fast
Full to partial sun
Street Tree
Pollution Resistant
√
rubrum
Red maple
Deciduous canopy tree
40x35
20 Fast
Full to partial sun
Aesculus
pavia
Red buckeye
Deciduous small tree
15x20
15 Medium
Full to partial sun
Amelanchier
arborea
Downy serviceberry
Deciduous small tree
20x25
15 Slow
canadensis
Shadblow serviceberry
Deciduous small tree
15x20
15 Slow
Partial sun to shade
Amelanchier
laevis
Allegheny serviceberry
Deciduous small tree
15x30
Slow
Partial sun to shade
Asimina Betula Carpinus Carpinus Carya Carya Carya Carya Carya
triloba nigra betulus caroliniana cordiformes glabra illinoensis ovata tomentosa
Pawpaw River Birch European hornbeam American hornbeam Bitternut hickory Pignut hickory Pecan Shagbark hickory Mockernut hickory
Deciduous medium tree Deciduous medium tree Deciduous medium tree Deciduous small tree Deciduous canopy tree Deciduous canopy tree Deciduous canopy tree Deciduous canopy tree Deciduous canopy tree
35x35 40x40 40x20 20x30 30x50 30x50 30x50 25x60 30x50
Slow Fast Slow Slow Slow Slow Slow Slow Slow
Full sun Full sun to shade Partial sun to shade Partial sun to shade Full sun Full sun to shade Full sun Full sun Full sun
Castanea
pumila
Chinquapin
Deciduous small tree
12x20
Slow
Full to partial sun
20
Native to region
Visual Attraction
Wildlife value
X
√
Attractive bark
None
√
Striking fall color
Moderate
√
√
Striking fall color
Moderate
√
Prominent red flowers
Low
√
√
√
√
√
White flowers
Moderate
√
√
√
√
White flowers
Moderate
√
√
√
White flowers
Moderate
√
√
Catalpa
speciosa
Catalpa
Deciduous canopy tree
60x40
fast
Full to partial sun
Cedrus Cedrus Cedrus Celtis Celtis
atlantica deodara libani laevigata occidentalis
Blue atlas cedar Deodar cedar Cedar of lebanon Sugar hackberry Common hackberry
Evergreen canopy tree Evergreen canopy tree Evergreen canopy tree Deciduous canopy tree Deciduous canopy tree
30x40 30x40 30x40 40x50 40x50
Slow Medium Medium 25 Fast 25 Fast
Full sun Full sun Full sun Full to partial sun Full to partial sun
Cephalanthus Cercidiphyllum
occidentalis japonicum
Buttonbush Katsuratree
Deciduous small tree Deciduous medium tree
12X12 40x35
Slow 25 Medium
Full sun to shade Full sun to shade
Cercis
canadensis
Eastern redbud
Deciduous small tree
20x20
15 Medium
Partial sun to shade
Chamaecyparis Chionanthus Cladastris
thyoides virginicus kentukea
Atlantic whitecedar White fringetree American yellowwood
Evergreen canopy tree Deciduous small tree Deciduous medium tree
20X50 10x15 40x30
Medium 15 Slow Medium
Partial sun to shade Full to partial sun Full sun
Cornus
alternifolia
Pagoda dogwood
Deciduous small tree
15x15
Medium
Partial sun to shade
Cornus Cornus Corylus
florida kousa americana
Flowering dogwood Kousa dogwood American hazelnut
Deciduous small tree Deciduous small tree Deciduous small tree
20x30 15x20 25x30
Medium 15 Medium Slow
Partial shade Full sun to shade Partial shade
Cotinus
obovatus
American smoketree
Deciduous small tree
15x20
15 Slow
Full sun
Crataegus
crus-galli
Cockspur hawthorn
Deciduous small tree
25x25
Slow
Full sun
√ √ √ √
√
√
√
√ √ √
√ √
High None High High High Moderate High High
√
Edible spiky fruit
High
White flowers, large heart-shaped leaves
Low
√ √
√
√ √ √
Washington hawthorn
Deciduous small tree
20x30
15 Medium
√ √
√ √ √
Cryptomeria
viridis japonica
Green hawthorn Cryptomeria
Deciduous small tree Evergreen canopy tree
20x30 15x50
15 Slow Slow
√
Fagus
virginiana grandifolia
Common persimmon American beech
Deciduous medium tree Deciduous canopy tree
20x30 40x50
Medium Medium
√
√
√
Round white flowers
High
Year-round color
None
Purple flowers
Moderate
√ √
√
√
√
Brandywine, October Glory, Red Can have issues with girdling roots. Prefers a wet environment. Limit use due to Sunset, Bowhall overplanting
√
√
√
Must be transplanted at very young age and size Must be transplanted at very young age and size Edible fruit. Must be transplanted at very young age and size Must be transplanted at very young age and size
√
None None High High
√ √ √ √
Evergreen, blue fruit Moderate White flowers Yellow flowers
Moderate Low
White flowers
High
√
√
White flowers
High
√
White flowers Pale catkins
None Moderate
Fluffy white flowers
Moderate
Must be transplanted at very young age and size
√ Single-trunked for street trees, multi-trunk in large plantings. Can form damaging cankers, which can be controlled by selective pruning. √ Susceptible to Emerald Ash Borer √
Stellar, Rutgers
√
√
White flowers
High
√
√
White flowers
Moderate
√
√
White flowers, striking fall color
Moderate
Evergreen, unusual needles
None
√
√
Attractive Fruit and creamy whiteflowers
High
√
√
Attractive smooth bark
High
√
Partial sun to shade Full sun to shade
Full sun to shade Full to partial sun
Susceptible to dogwood anthracnose, which can be prevented by regular watering during dry times Susceptible to dogwood anthracnose, which can be prevented by regular watering during dry times Single-trunked for street trees, multi-trunk in large plantings
Single-trunked for street trees, multi-trunk in large plantings Fruit is susceptible to Cedar Apple Rust, which does not otherwise affect the tree's health. Single-trunked for street trees, multi-trunk in large plantings. Fruit is susceptible to Cedar Apple Rust, which does not otherwise affect the tree's health.
Full sun to shade √
Edible fruit. Must be pollinated from a different tree to bear fruit Single-trunked for street trees, multi-trunk in large plantings Limit use outside of formal landscapes, due to low heat tolerance
More resistant to Chestnut blight than related American Chestnut. Fruit also edible.
√
√
√
Fastigiata
√ √ √ √ √
None
√
√ √
√ Diospyros
√ √
√
√ Crataegus
Single-trunked for street trees, multi-trunk in large plantings Susceptible to limb breakage. Use for restoration or open areas. Great for stream restoration
Use for specimen tree. Can be somewhat messy.
Evergreen with blue needles Evergreen Evergreen Attractive bark Attractive bark
√
Notes for use/Disease susceptibility
Single-trunked for street trees, multi-trunk in large plantings. Fruit is susceptible to Cedar Apple Rust, which does not otherwise affect the tree's health.
High
X
√ phaenopyrum
Suggested Cultivars
Single-trunked for street trees, multi-trunk in large plantings. Fruit is susceptible to Cedar Apple Rust, which does not otherwise affect the tree's health. Single-trunked for street trees, multi-trunk in large plantings. Fruit is susceptible to Cedar Apple Rust, which does not otherwise affect the tree's health. X grandiflora 'Autumn brilliance', a hybrid with A. Laevis is also acceptable, and may be more formal.
Large leaves, red flowers, large fruit Attractive bark Attractive bark Attractive bark Large fruit Large fruit Large fruit Large fruit Large fruit
√
Crataegus
Shade Tree
Partial sun to shade
Amelanchier
15 15 15 20
Powerline Compatible
√
√ Acer
Limit Use
Winter King
Single-trunked for street trees, multi-trunk in large plantings. Fruit is susceptible to Cedar Apple Rust, which does not otherwise affect the tree's health. Susceptible to leaf blight in north-facing areas
Needs very well-drained, uncompacted soils
Master Tree List Genus
Ginkgo
Species
biloba
Common Name
Ginkgo
Type
Deciduous canopy tree
Mature size (WxH)
50x50
Minimum Spacing (Ft.) Growth Rate Along streets
20 Slow
Light
Full sun
Gleditsia Gymnocladus Halesia
triacanthos dioicus carolina
Honeylocust Kentucky coffeetree Carolina Silverbell
Deciduous canopy tree Deciduous canopy tree Deciduous small tree
30x35 40x50 15x30
20 Fast 20 Medium 15 Medium
Full sun Full sun Full to partial sun
Ilex
Opaca
American holly
Evergreen medium tree
15x40
Slow
Full to partial sun
Ilex
x attenuata
Foster's holly
Evergreen small tree
8x20
Slow
Full to partial sun
Juglans
nigra
Black Walnut
Deciduous canopy tree
60x60
Medium
Full sun
Juniperus Liquidambar
virginiana styraciflua
Eastern redcedar Sweetgum
Evergreen medium tree Deciduous canopy tree
15x40 60x50
15 Fast 20 Medium
Full sun Full to partial sun
Liriodendron Maclura Magnolia Magnolia Magnolia
tulipifera pomifera acuminata grandiflora stellata
Tuliptree Osage orange Cucumbertree Southern magnolia Star magnolia
Deciduous canopy tree Deciduous canopy tree Deciduous canopy tree Evergreen canopy tree Deciduous small tree
25x80 30X30 50x60 30x70 10x20
Medium Fast Fast Medium Slow
Full to partial sun Full to partial sun Full sun Full to partial sun Partial shade
Magnolia
virginiana
Sweetbay magnolia
Evergreen small tree
20x40
15 Medium
Full to partial sun
Magnolia Magnolia
x Galaxy x soulangiana
Galaxy magnolia Saucer magnolia
Deciduous small tree Deciduous medium tree
20x30 20-30
15 Medium Medium
Full sun Full sun
Malus
angustifolia
Southern crabapple
Deciduous small tree
15x25
Slow
Full sun
Malus Metasequoia
coronaria glyptostroboides
Sweet crabapple Dawn redwood
Deciduous small tree Deciduous canopy tree
15x25 60x25
Slow Fast
Full sun Full sun
Morus Nyssa Ostrya
rubra sylvatica virginiana
Red mulberry Black tupelo Eastern hophornbeam
Deciduous canopy tree Deciduous canopy tree Deciduous canopy tree
30x35 30x25 25x25
Medium 20 Slow 20 Slow
Full to partial sun Full to partial sun Partial sun to shade
Oxydendrum
arboreum
Sourwood
Deciduous small tree
25X20
15 Slow
Full to partial sun
Parrotia
persica
Persian parrotia
Deciduous medium tree
30x25
15 Slow
Full to partial sun
Picea Pinus Pinus Pinus Pinus Pinus Planera
pungens bungeana echinata rigida taeda virginiana aquatica
Colorado blue spruce Lacebark pine Shortleaf pine Pitch pine Loblolly pine Virginia pine Water elm
Evergreen canopy tree Evergreen canopy tree Evergreen canopy tree Evergreen canopy tree Evergreen canopy tree Evergreen canopy tree Deciduous small tree
10x30 20x30 35x50 25x50 30x60 20x30 20x20
Slow Slow Slow Medium Fast Medium 15 Slow
Full to partial sun Full sun Full sun Full sun Full sun Full sun Full to partial sun
Platanus
occidentalis
American sycamore
Deciduous canopy tree
70x70
Fast
Platanus Prunus Prunus Prunus Prunus Prunus
x acerifolia americana serotina serrulata x incamp x yedoensis
London planetree American plum Black cherry Kwanzan cherry Okame Cherry Yoshino Cherry
Deciduous canopy tree Deciduous small tree Deciduous canopy tree Deciduous small tree Deciduous small tree Deciduous small tree
70x70 20x25 30X50 20x20 20x20 35x35
25 Fast Medium Fast 15 Medium 15 Medium 15 Medium
Full sun Full to partial sun Full sun Full sun Full sun Full to partial sun
Ptelea Quercus
trifoliata alba
Hoptree White oak
Deciduous small tree Deciduous canopy tree
15x15 60x60
15 Medium Slow
Full sun to shade Full to partial sun
Quercus Quercus Quercus
bicolor coccinea falcata
Swamp white oak Scarlet oak Southern red oak
Deciduous canopy tree Deciduous canopy tree Deciduous canopy tree
60x50 60x45 70x60
25 Medium 25 Medium 25 Medium
Full to partial sun Full sun Full sun
Quercus Quercus
hemisphaerica imbricaria
Darlington oak Shingle oak
Deciduous canopy tree Deciduous canopy tree
70x50 50X60
25 Medium 25 Medium
Full sun Full sun
Quercus Quercus Quercus
macrocarpa marilandica michauxii
Bur oak Blackjack oak Swamp chestnut oak
Deciduous canopy tree Deciduous canopy tree Deciduous canopy tree
70x70 35x35 80x90
25 Medium Slow Medium
Full sun Partial shade Full sun
Street Tree
Pollution Resistant
√
√
√
√
√ √
√
Limit Use
Powerline Compatible
√ √
√
√
√
√ √
Native to region
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√ √
Semi-evergreen, depending on the local heat regime. ''Henry Hicks' can be used under power lines. Single stem only for street trees.
None
Perfect for narrow, small plantings
None Fruit is susceptible to Cedar Apple Rust, which does not otherwise affect the tree's health. Fruit is susceptible to Cedar Apple Rust, which does not otherwise affect the tree's health. √
High Moderate
√ √
√ √ √ √ √ √ X √ √
√ √ √ √
√
√
√
√ √
√ √
√ √
√ √ √ √ √
'Little Gem' can be used under power lines
High
Moderate
√
Provide significant root space for this tree. Limit use due to hazard issues. Large fruit can be a nuisance. Plant in large open spaces.
√ √ √
√
√
√
White flowers
Will kill some plants beneath it. Specimen tree use only. Susceptible to Thousand canker disease. Must be transplanted at very young age and size. Susceptible to cedar-apple rust, which does not affect the overall health of the tree. Can be used as a street tree if limbed up properly Use only fruitless varieties as street tree. Roots may be aggressive
√
None
√
√
Striking fall color Moderate Tulip-shaped flowers High and leaves Large yellow fruit Low White flowers Moderate White flowers Low White flowers None
Single-trunked for street trees, multi-trunk in large plantings Fosteri, Savannah
Deciduous conifer White flowers and edible fruit Striking fall color Hop-shaped fruit Panicled white flowers Striking bark and fall color Evergreen with blue needles Evergreen Evergreen Evergreen Evergreen Evergreen Attractive bark Large leaves, interesting seeds Large leaves, interesting seeds White flowers White flowers Pink flowers Pink flowers White flowers Interesting fruit, striking fall color silver-white bark Attractive peeling bark Striking fall color Striking fall color Thin, sun-filtering leaves Semi-evergreen Attractive leaves and fruit Blocky bark Interesting leaves
√
X X X
Low
High
√ √ √ √
√
Male only
Single-trunked for street trees, multi-trunk in large plantings
White flowers
√
√
Moderate
Notes for use/Disease susceptibility
Vulnerable to nectria canker
√
√ √
√
√
√ √ √
Full sun
None Moderate
High
√ √
√
Inermis
White flowers
√
√
√
√
√ √
√
Moderate
White clustered flowers. Large seedpods Attractive bark white bell flowers Attractive winter berries Attractive winter berries
√
√
√
Autumn Gold, Princeton Sentry
Dark red purple flowers Pink flowers
√ √
√ √
√
High
√
√
None
Evergreen
√
√
Striking fall color
√
√
√
Suggested Cultivars
High
√
√
Shade Tree
Large fruit
√
√
Wildlife value
√
√ X
Visual Attraction
Do not confuse with Morus alba (White mulberry), which is an invasive plant
Moderate Low None
√
None Low High High High Low
√ √ √ √ √
Moderate
√
Low
√
High High Low Low Low
Susceptible to cytospora canker
May be very dry climate-resilient Susceptible to anthracnose Columbia, Liberty
√ Kwanzan
Limit use due to overplanting Susceptible to limb breakage. Use for restoration or open areas. Edible fruit Limit use due to overplanting Limit use due to overplanting Limit use due to overplanting
Low High
√
High
√
High Low
√ √
Moderate
√
High
√
Moderate
√
High High
√ √
Provide significant root space for this tree.
Master Tree List Genus
Species
Common Name
Type
Mature size (WxH)
Minimum Spacing (Ft.) Growth Rate Along streets
Light
Street Tree
Pollution Resistant
Limit Use
Powerline Compatible
Full sun Full to partial sun Full sun
Quercus Quercus Quercus
montana nigra pagoda
Chestnut oak Water oak Cherrybark oak
Deciduous canopy tree Deciduous canopy tree Deciduous canopy tree
60x70 60x50 70x60
Medium Fast Fast
Quercus
palustris
Pin oak
Deciduous canopy tree
60x35
25 Medium
Full sun
Quercus Quercus Quercus Quercus
phellos robur rubra shumardii
Willow oak English oak Northern Red oak Shumard Oak
Deciduous canopy tree Deciduous canopy tree Deciduous canopy tree Deciduous canopy tree
60x40 40x40 60x50 60x40
25 15 25 25
Fast Medium Fast Fast
Full sun Full sun Full sun Full sun
Quercus Quercus
stellata velutina
Post oak Black oak
Deciduous canopy tree Deciduous canopy tree
35x35 75x75
20 Medium Medium
Full sun Full sun
Rhus
copallina
Winged Sumac
Deciduous small tree
15x20
Medium
√
Staghorn sumac
Deciduous medium tree
20x35
Medium
Robinia
pseudoacacia
Black locust
Deciduous medium tree
20X40
20 Fast
Salix
nigra
Black willow
Deciduous medium tree
30X40
Fast
High Moderate Moderate
√ √ √
High
√
Moderate
√
√ √
Silver-grey bark Evergreen Cherry-like bark Even form, small acorns Thin, sun-filtering leaves Striking fall color Striking fall color Striking fall color
√
√
√ √ √
√ √ √
X
None High High
√ √ √
√
Cross-shaped leaves
High
√
√
Striking fall color Striking fall color, large colored flower spikes Striking fall color, large colored flower spikes Large clusters of white flowers
High
√
High
√
Slender leaves
High
√
√
√
√
√
Full to partial sun √
Full sun Full sun
√
√
√ √
Full to partial sun
√
Full to partial sun
Sassafras
albidum
Sassafras
Deciduous medium tree
25x30
Staphylea Styrax Syringa Taxodium Taxodium Thuja
trifolia americanus reticulata ascendens distichum occidentalis
American bladdernut American snowbell Tree Lilac Pondcyprees Baldcypress Arborvitae
Deciduous small tree Deciduous small tree Deciduous small tree Deciduous canopy tree Deciduous canopy tree Evergreen small tree
10x15 15x20 25x15 60x25 60x25 10x30
Slow Slow 15 Slow 20 Fast 20 Fast Slow
Partial sun to shade Full to partial sun Full to partial sun Full sun Full sun Full sun
Tilia
americana
American Linden
Deciduous canopy tree
50x35
Full sun
Tilia Tsuga Ulmus Ulmus Viburnum Viburnum
cordata canadensis americana rubra lentago prunifolium
Littleleaf Linden Eastern hemlock American elm Slippery elm Nannyberry Blackhaw viburnum
Deciduous medium tree Evergreen canopy tree Deciduous canopy tree Deciduous canopy tree Deciduous small tree Deciduous small tree
60x35 30x50 80x60 60x60 15x10 15X15
25 Medium Full to partial 25 sun Slow 25 Fast Medium Slow 15 Slow
Notes and Glossary on next page
Medium
Shade Tree
√
√ typhina
Wildlife value
√ √
√
Rhus
Native to region
Full to partial sun Partial shade Full sun Partial sun to shade Partial sun to shade Partial sun to shade
√ √ √
X
√
√
√ √
√
√ √
√ √
√
√
√
X X
√
√
√
√
√ √ √ √ √
√
Visual Attraction
Suggested Cultivars
Notes for use/Disease susceptibility
Limit use due to overplanting Q. bicolor x robur may be an appropriate variant
High Spreads readily, excellent for slope control along roads. High
√ Spreads readily, excellent for slope control along roads.
Striking fall color, High variegated leaves Interesting fruit and Moderate white flowers white bell flowers Moderate Showy flowers None Deciduous conifer Low Deciduous conifer Low Evergreen Moderate White flowers, High striking fall color
Single stem only for street tree. Requires structural pruning. Susceptible to limb breakage. Use for restoration or open areas. Great for stream restoration
√
√ √ √
Green
Low
√
Evergreen Attractive bark Attractive bark Striking fall color Striking fall color
High High High Moderate High
√ √ √
Avoid "Greenspire", due to girdling tendencies Susceptible to Hemlock woolly adelgid Plant Dutch elm disease resistant cultivars only
Master Tree List Genus
Species
Common Name
Type
Mature size (WxH)
Minimum Spacing (Ft.) Growth Rate Along streets
Light
Street Tree
Pollution Resistant
Limit Use
Powerline Compatible
Native to region
Visual Attraction
Wildlife value
Notes:
Shade Tree
Suggested Cultivars
Contact the County Urban Forester at [email protected] for questions
A list of trees appropriate for planting in Arlington County. This list has been vetted for trees that are structurally sound if maintained well, and do not pose an ecological risk due to invasion.
Glossary: Genus
A group of plants marked by common characteristics, like Quercus (Oaks), Acer (Maples), or Cornus (Dogwoods)
Species
An individual type of plant, capable of interbreeding within its designation, like Quercus stellata (Post oak), or Tilia americana (American linden)
Common Name
The common description of a plant, like American Holly, or Tuliptree. A tree can have several common names, which is why latin names are often preferred.
Mature Height
The height a tree of a species can reach, in an ideal environment, usually within 20 years
Growth Rate
The speed at which a species grows to its mature size. Keep in mind a fast-growing small tree may grow fast for its species, but due to genetic limitations, may not reach the size of a slow-growing large tree
Light
The light requirements for a tree to grow optimally. Trees preferring full sun should be in full sun for at least 6 hours a day, while trees preferring shade can live with less than 3 hours of sunlight a day
Street Tree
Trees well suited for planting along roads, or in tree pits. Street trees should be limbed up to a safe height, and not obstruct view for traffic.
Pollution Resistant
Trees well suited for planting in tough areas with high pollution from both the air, as well as salt spray from the road. These species are often also well-suited for stormwater control facilities.
Limit Use
Restrict the use of these species to less than 10% of your planting list. They have been overplanted, have a disease risk , or have a potential to become invasive
Powerline Compatible
Species that may be acceptable to be planted below powerlines, due to size or stature. These species have not been reviewed by Dominion Virginia Power, and utility companies maintain the right to prune or trim any trees or vegetation away from their lines.
Native to Region
Trees native to the Mid-Atlantic. Refer to the Native Plants for Wildlife Habitat and Conservation Landscaping guide by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service for more information
Visual Attraction
Interest from the tree that sets it apart from other trees, from an aesthetic perspective.
Wildlife Value
Value in the form of edible fruits, foliage, or bark, for our native insects. Wildlife value should not be confused with attracting large amounts of insects or wildlife, but should be seen as a benefit to our ecosystem.
Shade Tree
A tree likely to grow to a size where it will cast significant shade on the surrounding environment, reducing energy costs and urban heat island effect.
Suggested Cultivars
Cultivars of the species that have shown promise in our landscape and provide added aesthetic value
12/29/2016
Notes for use/Disease susceptibility
Species
Common Name
Type
Mature size (WxH)
Minimum Spacing (Ft.) Growth Rate Along streets
Light
Acer
griseum
Paperbark maple
Deciduous small tree
15x20
15 Slow
Full to partial sun
Acer
negundo
Boxelder
Deciduous canopy tree
40X50
Fast
Full to partial sun
Street Tree
Pollution Resistant
√
rubrum
Red maple
Deciduous canopy tree
40x35
20 Fast
Full to partial sun
Aesculus
pavia
Red buckeye
Deciduous small tree
15x20
15 Medium
Full to partial sun
Amelanchier
arborea
Downy serviceberry
Deciduous small tree
20x25
15 Slow
canadensis
Shadblow serviceberry
Deciduous small tree
15x20
15 Slow
Partial sun to shade
Amelanchier
laevis
Allegheny serviceberry
Deciduous small tree
15x30
Slow
Partial sun to shade
Asimina Betula Carpinus Carpinus Carya Carya Carya Carya Carya
triloba nigra betulus caroliniana cordiformes glabra illinoensis ovata tomentosa
Pawpaw River Birch European hornbeam American hornbeam Bitternut hickory Pignut hickory Pecan Shagbark hickory Mockernut hickory
Deciduous medium tree Deciduous medium tree Deciduous medium tree Deciduous small tree Deciduous canopy tree Deciduous canopy tree Deciduous canopy tree Deciduous canopy tree Deciduous canopy tree
35x35 40x40 40x20 20x30 30x50 30x50 30x50 25x60 30x50
Slow Fast Slow Slow Slow Slow Slow Slow Slow
Full sun Full sun to shade Partial sun to shade Partial sun to shade Full sun Full sun to shade Full sun Full sun Full sun
Castanea
pumila
Chinquapin
Deciduous small tree
12x20
Slow
Full to partial sun
20
Native to region
Visual Attraction
Wildlife value
X
√
Attractive bark
None
√
Striking fall color
Moderate
√
√
Striking fall color
Moderate
√
Prominent red flowers
Low
√
√
√
√
√
White flowers
Moderate
√
√
√
√
White flowers
Moderate
√
√
√
White flowers
Moderate
√
√
Catalpa
speciosa
Catalpa
Deciduous canopy tree
60x40
fast
Full to partial sun
Cedrus Cedrus Cedrus Celtis Celtis
atlantica deodara libani laevigata occidentalis
Blue atlas cedar Deodar cedar Cedar of lebanon Sugar hackberry Common hackberry
Evergreen canopy tree Evergreen canopy tree Evergreen canopy tree Deciduous canopy tree Deciduous canopy tree
30x40 30x40 30x40 40x50 40x50
Slow Medium Medium 25 Fast 25 Fast
Full sun Full sun Full sun Full to partial sun Full to partial sun
Cephalanthus Cercidiphyllum
occidentalis japonicum
Buttonbush Katsuratree
Deciduous small tree Deciduous medium tree
12X12 40x35
Slow 25 Medium
Full sun to shade Full sun to shade
Cercis
canadensis
Eastern redbud
Deciduous small tree
20x20
15 Medium
Partial sun to shade
Chamaecyparis Chionanthus Cladastris
thyoides virginicus kentukea
Atlantic whitecedar White fringetree American yellowwood
Evergreen canopy tree Deciduous small tree Deciduous medium tree
20X50 10x15 40x30
Medium 15 Slow Medium
Partial sun to shade Full to partial sun Full sun
Cornus
alternifolia
Pagoda dogwood
Deciduous small tree
15x15
Medium
Partial sun to shade
Cornus Cornus Corylus
florida kousa americana
Flowering dogwood Kousa dogwood American hazelnut
Deciduous small tree Deciduous small tree Deciduous small tree
20x30 15x20 25x30
Medium 15 Medium Slow
Partial shade Full sun to shade Partial shade
Cotinus
obovatus
American smoketree
Deciduous small tree
15x20
15 Slow
Full sun
Crataegus
crus-galli
Cockspur hawthorn
Deciduous small tree
25x25
Slow
Full sun
√ √ √ √
√
√
√
√ √ √
√ √
High None High High High Moderate High High
√
Edible spiky fruit
High
White flowers, large heart-shaped leaves
Low
√ √
√
√ √ √
Washington hawthorn
Deciduous small tree
20x30
15 Medium
√ √
√ √ √
Cryptomeria
viridis japonica
Green hawthorn Cryptomeria
Deciduous small tree Evergreen canopy tree
20x30 15x50
15 Slow Slow
√
Fagus
virginiana grandifolia
Common persimmon American beech
Deciduous medium tree Deciduous canopy tree
20x30 40x50
Medium Medium
√
√
√
Round white flowers
High
Year-round color
None
Purple flowers
Moderate
√ √
√
√
√
Brandywine, October Glory, Red Can have issues with girdling roots. Prefers a wet environment. Limit use due to Sunset, Bowhall overplanting
√
√
√
Must be transplanted at very young age and size Must be transplanted at very young age and size Edible fruit. Must be transplanted at very young age and size Must be transplanted at very young age and size
√
None None High High
√ √ √ √
Evergreen, blue fruit Moderate White flowers Yellow flowers
Moderate Low
White flowers
High
√
√
White flowers
High
√
White flowers Pale catkins
None Moderate
Fluffy white flowers
Moderate
Must be transplanted at very young age and size
√ Single-trunked for street trees, multi-trunk in large plantings. Can form damaging cankers, which can be controlled by selective pruning. √ Susceptible to Emerald Ash Borer √
Stellar, Rutgers
√
√
White flowers
High
√
√
White flowers
Moderate
√
√
White flowers, striking fall color
Moderate
Evergreen, unusual needles
None
√
√
Attractive Fruit and creamy whiteflowers
High
√
√
Attractive smooth bark
High
√
Partial sun to shade Full sun to shade
Full sun to shade Full to partial sun
Susceptible to dogwood anthracnose, which can be prevented by regular watering during dry times Susceptible to dogwood anthracnose, which can be prevented by regular watering during dry times Single-trunked for street trees, multi-trunk in large plantings
Single-trunked for street trees, multi-trunk in large plantings Fruit is susceptible to Cedar Apple Rust, which does not otherwise affect the tree's health. Single-trunked for street trees, multi-trunk in large plantings. Fruit is susceptible to Cedar Apple Rust, which does not otherwise affect the tree's health.
Full sun to shade √
Edible fruit. Must be pollinated from a different tree to bear fruit Single-trunked for street trees, multi-trunk in large plantings Limit use outside of formal landscapes, due to low heat tolerance
More resistant to Chestnut blight than related American Chestnut. Fruit also edible.
√
√
√
Fastigiata
√ √ √ √ √
None
√
√ √
√ Diospyros
√ √
√
√ Crataegus
Single-trunked for street trees, multi-trunk in large plantings Susceptible to limb breakage. Use for restoration or open areas. Great for stream restoration
Use for specimen tree. Can be somewhat messy.
Evergreen with blue needles Evergreen Evergreen Attractive bark Attractive bark
√
Notes for use/Disease susceptibility
Single-trunked for street trees, multi-trunk in large plantings. Fruit is susceptible to Cedar Apple Rust, which does not otherwise affect the tree's health.
High
X
√ phaenopyrum
Suggested Cultivars
Single-trunked for street trees, multi-trunk in large plantings. Fruit is susceptible to Cedar Apple Rust, which does not otherwise affect the tree's health. Single-trunked for street trees, multi-trunk in large plantings. Fruit is susceptible to Cedar Apple Rust, which does not otherwise affect the tree's health. X grandiflora 'Autumn brilliance', a hybrid with A. Laevis is also acceptable, and may be more formal.
Large leaves, red flowers, large fruit Attractive bark Attractive bark Attractive bark Large fruit Large fruit Large fruit Large fruit Large fruit
√
Crataegus
Shade Tree
Partial sun to shade
Amelanchier
15 15 15 20
Powerline Compatible
√
√ Acer
Limit Use
Winter King
Single-trunked for street trees, multi-trunk in large plantings. Fruit is susceptible to Cedar Apple Rust, which does not otherwise affect the tree's health. Susceptible to leaf blight in north-facing areas
Needs very well-drained, uncompacted soils
Master Tree List Genus
Ginkgo
Species
biloba
Common Name
Ginkgo
Type
Deciduous canopy tree
Mature size (WxH)
50x50
Minimum Spacing (Ft.) Growth Rate Along streets
20 Slow
Light
Full sun
Gleditsia Gymnocladus Halesia
triacanthos dioicus carolina
Honeylocust Kentucky coffeetree Carolina Silverbell
Deciduous canopy tree Deciduous canopy tree Deciduous small tree
30x35 40x50 15x30
20 Fast 20 Medium 15 Medium
Full sun Full sun Full to partial sun
Ilex
Opaca
American holly
Evergreen medium tree
15x40
Slow
Full to partial sun
Ilex
x attenuata
Foster's holly
Evergreen small tree
8x20
Slow
Full to partial sun
Juglans
nigra
Black Walnut
Deciduous canopy tree
60x60
Medium
Full sun
Juniperus Liquidambar
virginiana styraciflua
Eastern redcedar Sweetgum
Evergreen medium tree Deciduous canopy tree
15x40 60x50
15 Fast 20 Medium
Full sun Full to partial sun
Liriodendron Maclura Magnolia Magnolia Magnolia
tulipifera pomifera acuminata grandiflora stellata
Tuliptree Osage orange Cucumbertree Southern magnolia Star magnolia
Deciduous canopy tree Deciduous canopy tree Deciduous canopy tree Evergreen canopy tree Deciduous small tree
25x80 30X30 50x60 30x70 10x20
Medium Fast Fast Medium Slow
Full to partial sun Full to partial sun Full sun Full to partial sun Partial shade
Magnolia
virginiana
Sweetbay magnolia
Evergreen small tree
20x40
15 Medium
Full to partial sun
Magnolia Magnolia
x Galaxy x soulangiana
Galaxy magnolia Saucer magnolia
Deciduous small tree Deciduous medium tree
20x30 20-30
15 Medium Medium
Full sun Full sun
Malus
angustifolia
Southern crabapple
Deciduous small tree
15x25
Slow
Full sun
Malus Metasequoia
coronaria glyptostroboides
Sweet crabapple Dawn redwood
Deciduous small tree Deciduous canopy tree
15x25 60x25
Slow Fast
Full sun Full sun
Morus Nyssa Ostrya
rubra sylvatica virginiana
Red mulberry Black tupelo Eastern hophornbeam
Deciduous canopy tree Deciduous canopy tree Deciduous canopy tree
30x35 30x25 25x25
Medium 20 Slow 20 Slow
Full to partial sun Full to partial sun Partial sun to shade
Oxydendrum
arboreum
Sourwood
Deciduous small tree
25X20
15 Slow
Full to partial sun
Parrotia
persica
Persian parrotia
Deciduous medium tree
30x25
15 Slow
Full to partial sun
Picea Pinus Pinus Pinus Pinus Pinus Planera
pungens bungeana echinata rigida taeda virginiana aquatica
Colorado blue spruce Lacebark pine Shortleaf pine Pitch pine Loblolly pine Virginia pine Water elm
Evergreen canopy tree Evergreen canopy tree Evergreen canopy tree Evergreen canopy tree Evergreen canopy tree Evergreen canopy tree Deciduous small tree
10x30 20x30 35x50 25x50 30x60 20x30 20x20
Slow Slow Slow Medium Fast Medium 15 Slow
Full to partial sun Full sun Full sun Full sun Full sun Full sun Full to partial sun
Platanus
occidentalis
American sycamore
Deciduous canopy tree
70x70
Fast
Platanus Prunus Prunus Prunus Prunus Prunus
x acerifolia americana serotina serrulata x incamp x yedoensis
London planetree American plum Black cherry Kwanzan cherry Okame Cherry Yoshino Cherry
Deciduous canopy tree Deciduous small tree Deciduous canopy tree Deciduous small tree Deciduous small tree Deciduous small tree
70x70 20x25 30X50 20x20 20x20 35x35
25 Fast Medium Fast 15 Medium 15 Medium 15 Medium
Full sun Full to partial sun Full sun Full sun Full sun Full to partial sun
Ptelea Quercus
trifoliata alba
Hoptree White oak
Deciduous small tree Deciduous canopy tree
15x15 60x60
15 Medium Slow
Full sun to shade Full to partial sun
Quercus Quercus Quercus
bicolor coccinea falcata
Swamp white oak Scarlet oak Southern red oak
Deciduous canopy tree Deciduous canopy tree Deciduous canopy tree
60x50 60x45 70x60
25 Medium 25 Medium 25 Medium
Full to partial sun Full sun Full sun
Quercus Quercus
hemisphaerica imbricaria
Darlington oak Shingle oak
Deciduous canopy tree Deciduous canopy tree
70x50 50X60
25 Medium 25 Medium
Full sun Full sun
Quercus Quercus Quercus
macrocarpa marilandica michauxii
Bur oak Blackjack oak Swamp chestnut oak
Deciduous canopy tree Deciduous canopy tree Deciduous canopy tree
70x70 35x35 80x90
25 Medium Slow Medium
Full sun Partial shade Full sun
Street Tree
Pollution Resistant
√
√
√
√
√ √
√
Limit Use
Powerline Compatible
√ √
√
√
√
√ √
Native to region
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√ √
Semi-evergreen, depending on the local heat regime. ''Henry Hicks' can be used under power lines. Single stem only for street trees.
None
Perfect for narrow, small plantings
None Fruit is susceptible to Cedar Apple Rust, which does not otherwise affect the tree's health. Fruit is susceptible to Cedar Apple Rust, which does not otherwise affect the tree's health. √
High Moderate
√ √
√ √ √ √ √ √ X √ √
√ √ √ √
√
√
√
√ √
√ √
√ √
√ √ √ √ √
'Little Gem' can be used under power lines
High
Moderate
√
Provide significant root space for this tree. Limit use due to hazard issues. Large fruit can be a nuisance. Plant in large open spaces.
√ √ √
√
√
√
White flowers
Will kill some plants beneath it. Specimen tree use only. Susceptible to Thousand canker disease. Must be transplanted at very young age and size. Susceptible to cedar-apple rust, which does not affect the overall health of the tree. Can be used as a street tree if limbed up properly Use only fruitless varieties as street tree. Roots may be aggressive
√
None
√
√
Striking fall color Moderate Tulip-shaped flowers High and leaves Large yellow fruit Low White flowers Moderate White flowers Low White flowers None
Single-trunked for street trees, multi-trunk in large plantings Fosteri, Savannah
Deciduous conifer White flowers and edible fruit Striking fall color Hop-shaped fruit Panicled white flowers Striking bark and fall color Evergreen with blue needles Evergreen Evergreen Evergreen Evergreen Evergreen Attractive bark Large leaves, interesting seeds Large leaves, interesting seeds White flowers White flowers Pink flowers Pink flowers White flowers Interesting fruit, striking fall color silver-white bark Attractive peeling bark Striking fall color Striking fall color Thin, sun-filtering leaves Semi-evergreen Attractive leaves and fruit Blocky bark Interesting leaves
√
X X X
Low
High
√ √ √ √
√
Male only
Single-trunked for street trees, multi-trunk in large plantings
White flowers
√
√
Moderate
Notes for use/Disease susceptibility
Vulnerable to nectria canker
√
√ √
√
√
√ √ √
Full sun
None Moderate
High
√ √
√
Inermis
White flowers
√
√
√
√
√ √
√
Moderate
White clustered flowers. Large seedpods Attractive bark white bell flowers Attractive winter berries Attractive winter berries
√
√
√
Autumn Gold, Princeton Sentry
Dark red purple flowers Pink flowers
√ √
√ √
√
High
√
√
None
Evergreen
√
√
Striking fall color
√
√
√
Suggested Cultivars
High
√
√
Shade Tree
Large fruit
√
√
Wildlife value
√
√ X
Visual Attraction
Do not confuse with Morus alba (White mulberry), which is an invasive plant
Moderate Low None
√
None Low High High High Low
√ √ √ √ √
Moderate
√
Low
√
High High Low Low Low
Susceptible to cytospora canker
May be very dry climate-resilient Susceptible to anthracnose Columbia, Liberty
√ Kwanzan
Limit use due to overplanting Susceptible to limb breakage. Use for restoration or open areas. Edible fruit Limit use due to overplanting Limit use due to overplanting Limit use due to overplanting
Low High
√
High
√
High Low
√ √
Moderate
√
High
√
Moderate
√
High High
√ √
Provide significant root space for this tree.
Master Tree List Genus
Species
Common Name
Type
Mature size (WxH)
Minimum Spacing (Ft.) Growth Rate Along streets
Light
Street Tree
Pollution Resistant
Limit Use
Powerline Compatible
Full sun Full to partial sun Full sun
Quercus Quercus Quercus
montana nigra pagoda
Chestnut oak Water oak Cherrybark oak
Deciduous canopy tree Deciduous canopy tree Deciduous canopy tree
60x70 60x50 70x60
Medium Fast Fast
Quercus
palustris
Pin oak
Deciduous canopy tree
60x35
25 Medium
Full sun
Quercus Quercus Quercus Quercus
phellos robur rubra shumardii
Willow oak English oak Northern Red oak Shumard Oak
Deciduous canopy tree Deciduous canopy tree Deciduous canopy tree Deciduous canopy tree
60x40 40x40 60x50 60x40
25 15 25 25
Fast Medium Fast Fast
Full sun Full sun Full sun Full sun
Quercus Quercus
stellata velutina
Post oak Black oak
Deciduous canopy tree Deciduous canopy tree
35x35 75x75
20 Medium Medium
Full sun Full sun
Rhus
copallina
Winged Sumac
Deciduous small tree
15x20
Medium
√
Staghorn sumac
Deciduous medium tree
20x35
Medium
Robinia
pseudoacacia
Black locust
Deciduous medium tree
20X40
20 Fast
Salix
nigra
Black willow
Deciduous medium tree
30X40
Fast
High Moderate Moderate
√ √ √
High
√
Moderate
√
√ √
Silver-grey bark Evergreen Cherry-like bark Even form, small acorns Thin, sun-filtering leaves Striking fall color Striking fall color Striking fall color
√
√
√ √ √
√ √ √
X
None High High
√ √ √
√
Cross-shaped leaves
High
√
√
Striking fall color Striking fall color, large colored flower spikes Striking fall color, large colored flower spikes Large clusters of white flowers
High
√
High
√
Slender leaves
High
√
√
√
√
√
Full to partial sun √
Full sun Full sun
√
√
√ √
Full to partial sun
√
Full to partial sun
Sassafras
albidum
Sassafras
Deciduous medium tree
25x30
Staphylea Styrax Syringa Taxodium Taxodium Thuja
trifolia americanus reticulata ascendens distichum occidentalis
American bladdernut American snowbell Tree Lilac Pondcyprees Baldcypress Arborvitae
Deciduous small tree Deciduous small tree Deciduous small tree Deciduous canopy tree Deciduous canopy tree Evergreen small tree
10x15 15x20 25x15 60x25 60x25 10x30
Slow Slow 15 Slow 20 Fast 20 Fast Slow
Partial sun to shade Full to partial sun Full to partial sun Full sun Full sun Full sun
Tilia
americana
American Linden
Deciduous canopy tree
50x35
Full sun
Tilia Tsuga Ulmus Ulmus Viburnum Viburnum
cordata canadensis americana rubra lentago prunifolium
Littleleaf Linden Eastern hemlock American elm Slippery elm Nannyberry Blackhaw viburnum
Deciduous medium tree Evergreen canopy tree Deciduous canopy tree Deciduous canopy tree Deciduous small tree Deciduous small tree
60x35 30x50 80x60 60x60 15x10 15X15
25 Medium Full to partial 25 sun Slow 25 Fast Medium Slow 15 Slow
Notes and Glossary on next page
Medium
Shade Tree
√
√ typhina
Wildlife value
√ √
√
Rhus
Native to region
Full to partial sun Partial shade Full sun Partial sun to shade Partial sun to shade Partial sun to shade
√ √ √
X
√
√
√ √
√
√ √
√ √
√
√
√
X X
√
√
√
√
√ √ √ √ √
√
Visual Attraction
Suggested Cultivars
Notes for use/Disease susceptibility
Limit use due to overplanting Q. bicolor x robur may be an appropriate variant
High Spreads readily, excellent for slope control along roads. High
√ Spreads readily, excellent for slope control along roads.
Striking fall color, High variegated leaves Interesting fruit and Moderate white flowers white bell flowers Moderate Showy flowers None Deciduous conifer Low Deciduous conifer Low Evergreen Moderate White flowers, High striking fall color
Single stem only for street tree. Requires structural pruning. Susceptible to limb breakage. Use for restoration or open areas. Great for stream restoration
√
√ √ √
Green
Low
√
Evergreen Attractive bark Attractive bark Striking fall color Striking fall color
High High High Moderate High
√ √ √
Avoid "Greenspire", due to girdling tendencies Susceptible to Hemlock woolly adelgid Plant Dutch elm disease resistant cultivars only
Master Tree List Genus
Species
Common Name
Type
Mature size (WxH)
Minimum Spacing (Ft.) Growth Rate Along streets
Light
Street Tree
Pollution Resistant
Limit Use
Powerline Compatible
Native to region
Visual Attraction
Wildlife value
Notes:
Shade Tree
Suggested Cultivars
Contact the County Urban Forester at [email protected] for questions
A list of trees appropriate for planting in Arlington County. This list has been vetted for trees that are structurally sound if maintained well, and do not pose an ecological risk due to invasion.
Glossary: Genus
A group of plants marked by common characteristics, like Quercus (Oaks), Acer (Maples), or Cornus (Dogwoods)
Species
An individual type of plant, capable of interbreeding within its designation, like Quercus stellata (Post oak), or Tilia americana (American linden)
Common Name
The common description of a plant, like American Holly, or Tuliptree. A tree can have several common names, which is why latin names are often preferred.
Mature Height
The height a tree of a species can reach, in an ideal environment, usually within 20 years
Growth Rate
The speed at which a species grows to its mature size. Keep in mind a fast-growing small tree may grow fast for its species, but due to genetic limitations, may not reach the size of a slow-growing large tree
Light
The light requirements for a tree to grow optimally. Trees preferring full sun should be in full sun for at least 6 hours a day, while trees preferring shade can live with less than 3 hours of sunlight a day
Street Tree
Trees well suited for planting along roads, or in tree pits. Street trees should be limbed up to a safe height, and not obstruct view for traffic.
Pollution Resistant
Trees well suited for planting in tough areas with high pollution from both the air, as well as salt spray from the road. These species are often also well-suited for stormwater control facilities.
Limit Use
Restrict the use of these species to less than 10% of your planting list. They have been overplanted, have a disease risk , or have a potential to become invasive
Powerline Compatible
Species that may be acceptable to be planted below powerlines, due to size or stature. These species have not been reviewed by Dominion Virginia Power, and utility companies maintain the right to prune or trim any trees or vegetation away from their lines.
Native to Region
Trees native to the Mid-Atlantic. Refer to the Native Plants for Wildlife Habitat and Conservation Landscaping guide by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service for more information
Visual Attraction
Interest from the tree that sets it apart from other trees, from an aesthetic perspective.
Wildlife Value
Value in the form of edible fruits, foliage, or bark, for our native insects. Wildlife value should not be confused with attracting large amounts of insects or wildlife, but should be seen as a benefit to our ecosystem.
Shade Tree
A tree likely to grow to a size where it will cast significant shade on the surrounding environment, reducing energy costs and urban heat island effect.
Suggested Cultivars
Cultivars of the species that have shown promise in our landscape and provide added aesthetic value
12/29/2016
Notes for use/Disease susceptibility
