National Flood Insurance Program:
National Flood Insurance Program: Where We’ve Been and Where We’re Going
National Flood Insurance Program Established by National Flood Insurance Act of 1968 Community participation is voluntary. To participate, community must enforce floodplain management regulations in exchange for enabling property owners to purchase flood insurance
GOAL: To Reduce Future Flood Losses
Presenter’s Name
June 17, 2003
2
1. Know the Risk (FIS & FIRM) Special Flood Hazard Areas 1% > chance of being flooded in any year (100-year floodplain) Zones: A (A1-A30, AE, AO, AH, AR, A99) & V Darkly Shaded Area – (FIRM) Flood Insurance Rate Map
Presenter’s Name
June 17, 2003
3
Approximate A Zones Methods
Difficulty Level
Cost Estimate
Accuracy
$300$500
3 to 4 feet below FIS BFE + or – 1 foot from FIS BFE
Point on Boundary
Easy
Quick 2
Easy but antiquated
$500
USGS Methodology
Easy to Intermediate
$500
+ or - 1 foot from FIS BFE
HEC-RAS
Advanced
$5,000$10,000
Most accurate
Reference: “Approximate A Zone Methods for Establishing Community Flood Elevations in West Virginia” –Report by Engineering Perfection
Close to 12,000 stream miles with mapped flood hazard areas in West Virginia About 8,000 miles are Approximately studied “Approximate A” floodplains do not have Base Flood Elevations determined Community is required to determine whether structures will be “reasonably safe from flooding”
Presenter’s Name
June 17, 2003
4
2. Mitigate the Risk (Ordinances & Plans) Floodplain Management Ordinances Floodplain management regulations are typically incorporated into zoning codes, subdivision ordinances, building codes and/or a special purpose floodplain management ordinance. Regulations apply to areas mapped as Special Flood Hazard Area (SFHA) on the Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) Regulations also apply to all “development”
Presenter’s Name
June 17, 2003
5
Minimum Federal Requirements Permit all development in SFHA Elevation of new and substantially improved/damaged residential structures above the BFE Elevation or dry floodproofing (watertight) of new and substantially improved/damaged non-residential structures Limited development in floodways Location or construction of all public utilities and facilities to minimize or eliminate flood damage Anchoring
Presenter’s Name
June 17, 2003
6
Standards that Exceed Minimums Adoption of International Building Code Freeboard Cumulative Substantial Improvement/Damage Community Identified Flood Hazard Areas Approximate A Zones Restrictions to Subdivision of Land Best Practices for Alteration of Streams Non Conversion Agreements Prohibition of Manufactured Homes & Fill Flood Protection Setback Backflow Preventers Certificate of Compliance
Presenter’s Name
June 17, 2003
7
New Elevation Certificate Section A: Items A8.d and A9.d were added, to indicate if the flood openings for crawl space/enclosure or garage are “engineered flood openings”. Items A.8.b-c and A.9.b-c: Instructions have been revised, in part, to allow the height of flood openings to be determined from the higher of:
the exterior grade, the interior grade, or the floor immediately below the opening.
Section C: Items C2.h was added, to indicate the LAG (Lowest Adjacent Grade) at the lowest elevation of attached deck or stairs, including structural support. (This information is provided if the certificate is being used to support a request for a LOMA or LOMR-F.)
2 New Building Diagrams: Diagram 1B is for raised-slab-on-grade or slab-on-stem-wall-with fill single- and multiple-floor buildings. (Diagram 1 on the old EC is now Diagram 1A on the new EC.) Diagram 9 is for all buildings (other than split-level) elevated on a sub-grade crawlspace.
Instructions have been clarified & expanded, as needed.
Presenter’s Name
June 17, 2003
8
Community Assistance Contacts & Visits PAST
FUTURE
Every Community Every 5 Years
Risk-Based Prioritized List
Flexibility to Determine Priority
Tier 1 (CAVs) and Tier 2 (CACS)
Presenter’s Name
June 17, 2003
9
2. Mitigate the Risk (continued) Hazard Mitigation Planning by the numbers… Approved Plan Coverage
March 31, 2009
April 8, 2009
% Population
99.5%
19%
# of Jurisdictions
283
60
Presenter’s Name
June 17, 2003
10
3. Insure the Risk WV Flood Insurance Communities in Program: 272 Disasters: 48 (36 flood) since 1954 SFHA Structures Insured: 8%* Policies in Force: 21,628* Insurance in Force: $2.3 billion Written Premium: $14.7 million Losses: 23,534, $262 million** *as of 01/31/09, **from 01/01/78 to 01/31/09
Presenter’s Name
June 17, 2003
11
Myths and Facts about NFIP You can’t buy (or you only need) flood insurance if you are located in a high risk flood area Flood insurance premiums increase if you have a claim Homeowners insurance policies cover flooding You can’t buy flood insurance if your property has been flooded Flood insurance can only be purchased through NFIP directly The NFIP does not offer any type of basement coverage Flood insurance is only available for homeowners
Presenter’s Name
June 17, 2003
12
Mitigation and Floodplain Management 26% > chance of flooding during 30-year mortgage period Homes built in compliance are 77% less likely to be Damaged by flood Compliance reduces flood losses by $1 billion per year
Presenter’s Name
June 17, 2003
13
Hazard Mitigation Grant Programs Flood Mitigation Assistance (FMA) Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (HMGP) Repetitive Flood Claims (RFC) Severe Repetitive Loss (SRL) Pre-Disaster Mitigation (PDM)
Presenter’s Name
June 17, 2003
14
National Flood Insurance Program Established by National Flood Insurance Act of 1968 Community participation is voluntary. To participate, community must enforce floodplain management regulations in exchange for enabling property owners to purchase flood insurance
GOAL: To Reduce Future Flood Losses
Presenter’s Name
June 17, 2003
2
1. Know the Risk (FIS & FIRM) Special Flood Hazard Areas 1% > chance of being flooded in any year (100-year floodplain) Zones: A (A1-A30, AE, AO, AH, AR, A99) & V Darkly Shaded Area – (FIRM) Flood Insurance Rate Map
Presenter’s Name
June 17, 2003
3
Approximate A Zones Methods
Difficulty Level
Cost Estimate
Accuracy
$300$500
3 to 4 feet below FIS BFE + or – 1 foot from FIS BFE
Point on Boundary
Easy
Quick 2
Easy but antiquated
$500
USGS Methodology
Easy to Intermediate
$500
+ or - 1 foot from FIS BFE
HEC-RAS
Advanced
$5,000$10,000
Most accurate
Reference: “Approximate A Zone Methods for Establishing Community Flood Elevations in West Virginia” –Report by Engineering Perfection
Close to 12,000 stream miles with mapped flood hazard areas in West Virginia About 8,000 miles are Approximately studied “Approximate A” floodplains do not have Base Flood Elevations determined Community is required to determine whether structures will be “reasonably safe from flooding”
Presenter’s Name
June 17, 2003
4
2. Mitigate the Risk (Ordinances & Plans) Floodplain Management Ordinances Floodplain management regulations are typically incorporated into zoning codes, subdivision ordinances, building codes and/or a special purpose floodplain management ordinance. Regulations apply to areas mapped as Special Flood Hazard Area (SFHA) on the Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) Regulations also apply to all “development”
Presenter’s Name
June 17, 2003
5
Minimum Federal Requirements Permit all development in SFHA Elevation of new and substantially improved/damaged residential structures above the BFE Elevation or dry floodproofing (watertight) of new and substantially improved/damaged non-residential structures Limited development in floodways Location or construction of all public utilities and facilities to minimize or eliminate flood damage Anchoring
Presenter’s Name
June 17, 2003
6
Standards that Exceed Minimums Adoption of International Building Code Freeboard Cumulative Substantial Improvement/Damage Community Identified Flood Hazard Areas Approximate A Zones Restrictions to Subdivision of Land Best Practices for Alteration of Streams Non Conversion Agreements Prohibition of Manufactured Homes & Fill Flood Protection Setback Backflow Preventers Certificate of Compliance
Presenter’s Name
June 17, 2003
7
New Elevation Certificate Section A: Items A8.d and A9.d were added, to indicate if the flood openings for crawl space/enclosure or garage are “engineered flood openings”. Items A.8.b-c and A.9.b-c: Instructions have been revised, in part, to allow the height of flood openings to be determined from the higher of:
the exterior grade, the interior grade, or the floor immediately below the opening.
Section C: Items C2.h was added, to indicate the LAG (Lowest Adjacent Grade) at the lowest elevation of attached deck or stairs, including structural support. (This information is provided if the certificate is being used to support a request for a LOMA or LOMR-F.)
2 New Building Diagrams: Diagram 1B is for raised-slab-on-grade or slab-on-stem-wall-with fill single- and multiple-floor buildings. (Diagram 1 on the old EC is now Diagram 1A on the new EC.) Diagram 9 is for all buildings (other than split-level) elevated on a sub-grade crawlspace.
Instructions have been clarified & expanded, as needed.
Presenter’s Name
June 17, 2003
8
Community Assistance Contacts & Visits PAST
FUTURE
Every Community Every 5 Years
Risk-Based Prioritized List
Flexibility to Determine Priority
Tier 1 (CAVs) and Tier 2 (CACS)
Presenter’s Name
June 17, 2003
9
2. Mitigate the Risk (continued) Hazard Mitigation Planning by the numbers… Approved Plan Coverage
March 31, 2009
April 8, 2009
% Population
99.5%
19%
# of Jurisdictions
283
60
Presenter’s Name
June 17, 2003
10
3. Insure the Risk WV Flood Insurance Communities in Program: 272 Disasters: 48 (36 flood) since 1954 SFHA Structures Insured: 8%* Policies in Force: 21,628* Insurance in Force: $2.3 billion Written Premium: $14.7 million Losses: 23,534, $262 million** *as of 01/31/09, **from 01/01/78 to 01/31/09
Presenter’s Name
June 17, 2003
11
Myths and Facts about NFIP You can’t buy (or you only need) flood insurance if you are located in a high risk flood area Flood insurance premiums increase if you have a claim Homeowners insurance policies cover flooding You can’t buy flood insurance if your property has been flooded Flood insurance can only be purchased through NFIP directly The NFIP does not offer any type of basement coverage Flood insurance is only available for homeowners
Presenter’s Name
June 17, 2003
12
Mitigation and Floodplain Management 26% > chance of flooding during 30-year mortgage period Homes built in compliance are 77% less likely to be Damaged by flood Compliance reduces flood losses by $1 billion per year
Presenter’s Name
June 17, 2003
13
Hazard Mitigation Grant Programs Flood Mitigation Assistance (FMA) Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (HMGP) Repetitive Flood Claims (RFC) Severe Repetitive Loss (SRL) Pre-Disaster Mitigation (PDM)
Presenter’s Name
June 17, 2003
14
