Newton's Third Law and Conservation of Momentum â Playlist Study ...
Newton’s Third Law and Conservation of Momentum – Playlist Study Guide
Name:
By the end of this playlist, you will be able to: 1. Identify action/reaction force pairs and use Newton’s third law to label all forces acting on an object. 2. Explain what momentum is and calculate the momentum, mass, or velocity of an object by using the equation for momentum. 3. Use Newton’s third law to justify conservation of momentum. 4. Solve problems using conservation of momentum. 5. Compare elastic and inelastic collisions. By the end of this playlist, you should be able to define and give an example of the following terms: Newton’s third law of motion, action force, reaction force, momentum, conservation of momentum, impulse, collision, elastic collision, inelastic collision, partially elastic collision Objective 1: Identify action/reaction force pairs and use Newton’s third law to label all forces acting on an object. What does Newton’s Third Law of Motion say?
In the pictures below, the action force for each situation is described. Identify the reaction force in the action-reaction force pair. Action: Baseball pushes glove leftwards.
Action: Enclosed air particles push balloon wall outwards.
Reaction:
Reaction:
Action: Bowling ball pushes pin leftwards.
Action: Earth pulls a cannon ball towards the Earth.
Reaction:
Reaction:
Objective 2: Explain what momentum is and calculate the momentum, mass, or velocity of an object by using the equation for momentum. What is momentum? The amount of momentum an object has depends on what two things? The symbol for momentum is
and it is measured in units of
What is the equation for momentum? Label all of the symbols in this equation.
If an elephant has a mass of 400 kg and a velocity of 2 m/s, what is its momentum? Use GUESS!
If a bowling ball has a velocity of 5 m/s and a momentum of 30 kg*m/s, what is the ball’s mass? Use GUESS!
If a race car has a mass of 1500 kg and a momentum of 30,000 kg*m/s, what is the car’s velocity? Use GUESS!
Objective 3: Use Newton’s third law to justify conservation of momentum. In physics, what does it mean to say something is conserved?
What does the law of conservation of momentum say?
Before a collision, two cars have a total momentum of 3000 kg m/s. What is their total momentum after the collision?
Before a collision, Trucks A and B have a total momentum of 5000 kg m/s. After the collision, Truck A has a momentum of 3000 kg m/s. What is the momentum of Truck B after the collision? A cannon loaded with a cannonball is at rest. The cannonball is then fired forward. What will happen to the cannon? Explain why this happens.
Objective 4: Solve problems using conservation of momentum. What is the equation form of the law of conservation of momentum?
Read this sample problem. In the space below, draw a picture of this situation and organize the given information in the problem. You do not need to solve this problem. Sample Problem: A 3000-kg truck moving with a velocity of 10 m/s hits a 1000-kg parked car. The impact causes the 1000-kg car to be set in motion at 15 m/s. Assuming that momentum is conserved during the collision, determine the velocity of the truck immediately after the collision.
Practice using the law of conservation of momentum in collisions for the following problems. In a recent hockey game, one player (m = 100 kg) was moving at a velocity of 8 m/s when he ran into another player (m = 300 kg) who was at rest (v = 0 m/s). After the collision, the two players were stuck together (moving with the same velocity). What was their velocity after the collision?
A 3 kg steel ball is moving at 4 m/s. It collides with a 2 kg giant marble that is not moving (v = 0 m/s). After the collision, the steel ball stops moving (v = 0 m/s). What is the velocity of the giant marble after the collision?
A railroad car with a mass of 2000 kg has a velocity of 3 m/s. It runs into and sticks to another railroad car (also 2000 kg) that was moving with a velocity of 2 m/s before the collision. What is the railroad cars’ velocity after the collision?
A cannon (m = 100 kg) and a cannon ball (m = 1 kg) both start with a velocity of 0 m/s. The cannon ball is then fired forward with a velocity of 200 m/s. What is the velocity of the cannon after it fires the cannon ball?
Objective 5: Compare elastic and inelastic collisions. What is an elastic collision?
Give an example of an elastic collisions.
What is an inelastic collision?
Give an example of an inelastic collision.
In collisions between two objects, kinetic energy is conserved only… a. if one of the objects was initially at rest b. if potential energy converts to work energy c. in inelastic collisions d. in elastic collisions
In an inelastic collision… a. momentum is not conserved. b. momentum and kinetic energy are both conserved. c. momentum is conserved but kinetic energy is not conserved. d. neither momentum nor kinetic energy are conserved.
Name:
By the end of this playlist, you will be able to: 1. Identify action/reaction force pairs and use Newton’s third law to label all forces acting on an object. 2. Explain what momentum is and calculate the momentum, mass, or velocity of an object by using the equation for momentum. 3. Use Newton’s third law to justify conservation of momentum. 4. Solve problems using conservation of momentum. 5. Compare elastic and inelastic collisions. By the end of this playlist, you should be able to define and give an example of the following terms: Newton’s third law of motion, action force, reaction force, momentum, conservation of momentum, impulse, collision, elastic collision, inelastic collision, partially elastic collision Objective 1: Identify action/reaction force pairs and use Newton’s third law to label all forces acting on an object. What does Newton’s Third Law of Motion say?
In the pictures below, the action force for each situation is described. Identify the reaction force in the action-reaction force pair. Action: Baseball pushes glove leftwards.
Action: Enclosed air particles push balloon wall outwards.
Reaction:
Reaction:
Action: Bowling ball pushes pin leftwards.
Action: Earth pulls a cannon ball towards the Earth.
Reaction:
Reaction:
Objective 2: Explain what momentum is and calculate the momentum, mass, or velocity of an object by using the equation for momentum. What is momentum? The amount of momentum an object has depends on what two things? The symbol for momentum is
and it is measured in units of
What is the equation for momentum? Label all of the symbols in this equation.
If an elephant has a mass of 400 kg and a velocity of 2 m/s, what is its momentum? Use GUESS!
If a bowling ball has a velocity of 5 m/s and a momentum of 30 kg*m/s, what is the ball’s mass? Use GUESS!
If a race car has a mass of 1500 kg and a momentum of 30,000 kg*m/s, what is the car’s velocity? Use GUESS!
Objective 3: Use Newton’s third law to justify conservation of momentum. In physics, what does it mean to say something is conserved?
What does the law of conservation of momentum say?
Before a collision, two cars have a total momentum of 3000 kg m/s. What is their total momentum after the collision?
Before a collision, Trucks A and B have a total momentum of 5000 kg m/s. After the collision, Truck A has a momentum of 3000 kg m/s. What is the momentum of Truck B after the collision? A cannon loaded with a cannonball is at rest. The cannonball is then fired forward. What will happen to the cannon? Explain why this happens.
Objective 4: Solve problems using conservation of momentum. What is the equation form of the law of conservation of momentum?
Read this sample problem. In the space below, draw a picture of this situation and organize the given information in the problem. You do not need to solve this problem. Sample Problem: A 3000-kg truck moving with a velocity of 10 m/s hits a 1000-kg parked car. The impact causes the 1000-kg car to be set in motion at 15 m/s. Assuming that momentum is conserved during the collision, determine the velocity of the truck immediately after the collision.
Practice using the law of conservation of momentum in collisions for the following problems. In a recent hockey game, one player (m = 100 kg) was moving at a velocity of 8 m/s when he ran into another player (m = 300 kg) who was at rest (v = 0 m/s). After the collision, the two players were stuck together (moving with the same velocity). What was their velocity after the collision?
A 3 kg steel ball is moving at 4 m/s. It collides with a 2 kg giant marble that is not moving (v = 0 m/s). After the collision, the steel ball stops moving (v = 0 m/s). What is the velocity of the giant marble after the collision?
A railroad car with a mass of 2000 kg has a velocity of 3 m/s. It runs into and sticks to another railroad car (also 2000 kg) that was moving with a velocity of 2 m/s before the collision. What is the railroad cars’ velocity after the collision?
A cannon (m = 100 kg) and a cannon ball (m = 1 kg) both start with a velocity of 0 m/s. The cannon ball is then fired forward with a velocity of 200 m/s. What is the velocity of the cannon after it fires the cannon ball?
Objective 5: Compare elastic and inelastic collisions. What is an elastic collision?
Give an example of an elastic collisions.
What is an inelastic collision?
Give an example of an inelastic collision.
In collisions between two objects, kinetic energy is conserved only… a. if one of the objects was initially at rest b. if potential energy converts to work energy c. in inelastic collisions d. in elastic collisions
In an inelastic collision… a. momentum is not conserved. b. momentum and kinetic energy are both conserved. c. momentum is conserved but kinetic energy is not conserved. d. neither momentum nor kinetic energy are conserved.
