Non-native Species native Species Non native Species native Species
Non--native Species Non z
What are they?
z
What good are they?
z
What bad are they?
z
What can I do?
What does it mean? Aliens are not always from outer space. Non-native refers to Nonorganisms which are foreign or nott native, ti which hi h h have been introduced to an area. Also known as: Alien,, Exotic,, Nonindigenous
Exotic: different from the native Oranges Tomatoes T t s Dogs Cotton Dandelions
B Benefits fi of f nonnon-natives i meet a need a native has not been found to fill
Food z Beauty z Pets z Sportfishing z Control C l of f pests z Other uses z
N -natives in Florida NonNon Fl d agriculture l Oranges and other citrus fruit z Tomatoes z Sugar cane z Cattle and dairy cows z Green peppers z Chickens z Tropical fish z
History Native Americans traded among themselves bringing some organisms to Florida (corn, beans and squash from Central America) z When European settlers left for the New World, they brought along the plants and animals of their homeland. p They also brought disease. z
What would your life be like without nonnon-natives? No milk on your breakfast cereal, but that’s OK, you probably couldn’t get cereal anyhow. You can’t can t have orange juice, either.
Imagine your life l f without… h Pizza z Ice cream z Peanut butter z Sugar or honey to sweeten your food z Cotton clothing z Leather football, baseball or soccer b ll balls z Cats or dogs z
Can non non--natives be bad?
Invasive organisms are species that are non--native and non cause or are likely to cause economic or environmental harm or harm human health. These can be p plants,, animals and other organisms such as microbes.
What’s h ’ so bad b d about b invasives? z Can
alter habitat z Can reduce native diversity z Can exclude or cause disease in natives or beneficial non-natives non natives z Can hybridize with natives z Can be harmful to humans
Florida’s Non-native Species Non-natives
Non-native invasives 1. West Nile Virus 2. Cows 3. Brazilian Pepper 4. Commercial Citrus 5. Citrus Canker 6. Melaleuca 7. Vegetables g 8. Hydrilla 9. Nursery plants 10.Water-hyacinth
H How d do they h do d iit? ? What makes an invasive species successful?
Invasives are productive: z z z z z z
g grow quickly q y long growth period produce lots of offspring p p g (eggs, seeds) have long flowering or fruiting periods i ds spawn multiple times can reproduce with one parent (vegetative reproduction or cloning) g)
Invasives are readily dispersed by: z wind z water z wildlife z humans
Invasives lack natural controls: z predators d t z insects z diseases
Invasives are habitat generalists: z can tolerate range of temperatures z can live in variety of habitats z have h a broad b d diet di t
Invasives outcompete natives: z shade native plants z consume nutrients or food of natives
How did invasives get here? H Humans are the th primary i means of f introduction i t d ti
hitchhikers (boating (boating, ballast, ballast cargo) z moving plants and animals z aquariums z gardening z pets z
What invasive species are in my town? K d Kudzu
•Fast F t growth, th one foot f t a day d •Often seen on the side of the road. d •Introduced as ornamental and to control t l erosion. i •Has other uses – kudzu j ll b jelly, baskets, k t paper
What invasive species are in my town? Fi A Fire Ants t
• From South America • Accidentally introduced to Mobile, Alabama in soil used as ballast • Can harm humans, pets and wildlife and also cause crop damage
What invasive species are in my town? B Brazilian ili pepper
• Produces chemical that inhibits other plants • Small red fruits spread by animals • Plant pieces can sprout new plants • From South America America, introduced as an ornamental in 1800s • Can cause skin rashes and breathing difficulty in people
What h might h I find f d in the h water? Hydrilla
•Takes over water bodies. •Native of Asia introduced by an •
aquarium keeper Fragments can become new plants
A f Are farms affected? ff d? z z z z
Citrus canker West Nile virus Fruitfly Plant-eating Snails
Th Law The L Unlawful release of exotic species in Florida is punishable by a $1 $1,000 000 fine and up to one year in jail.
C Control l and d Management M z Physical Ph i l
Control C t l z Chemical Control z Biological Control z Ecological Control z Commercialization
What Can I Do to Help? z z
Don’t bring home unfamiliar plants or animals Never free pets into the wild – Birds, fish, snails, iguanas, or monkeys – Don’t dump aquariums into waterways – Give unwanted pets away
z
On the water – Clean off your boat and aquatic equipment – Throw back any fish you won’t eat when fishing
z
Use native plants or well researched nonnatives whenever possible
Know the K h pathways h of f introduction i d i and d do your part to stop accidental release into wild z Be aware of laws related to non-native species z Join a community group that restores habitat and removes invasives z Look at up-to-date information on new invasives and exotics z Teach others about the benefits and risks of non-native non native species z
This Thi presentation i prepared d as a part off
Florida Agriculture & NonNon-native Species an education unit developed by the
Fl id D Florida Department t t off A Agriculture i lt and d Consumer Services Division of Aquaculture ADAM H. PUTNAM, Commissioner with funding from
Florida Ag in the Classroom Classroom, Inc Inc. DACS-P-00071
What are they?
z
What good are they?
z
What bad are they?
z
What can I do?
What does it mean? Aliens are not always from outer space. Non-native refers to Nonorganisms which are foreign or nott native, ti which hi h h have been introduced to an area. Also known as: Alien,, Exotic,, Nonindigenous
Exotic: different from the native Oranges Tomatoes T t s Dogs Cotton Dandelions
B Benefits fi of f nonnon-natives i meet a need a native has not been found to fill
Food z Beauty z Pets z Sportfishing z Control C l of f pests z Other uses z
N -natives in Florida NonNon Fl d agriculture l Oranges and other citrus fruit z Tomatoes z Sugar cane z Cattle and dairy cows z Green peppers z Chickens z Tropical fish z
History Native Americans traded among themselves bringing some organisms to Florida (corn, beans and squash from Central America) z When European settlers left for the New World, they brought along the plants and animals of their homeland. p They also brought disease. z
What would your life be like without nonnon-natives? No milk on your breakfast cereal, but that’s OK, you probably couldn’t get cereal anyhow. You can’t can t have orange juice, either.
Imagine your life l f without… h Pizza z Ice cream z Peanut butter z Sugar or honey to sweeten your food z Cotton clothing z Leather football, baseball or soccer b ll balls z Cats or dogs z
Can non non--natives be bad?
Invasive organisms are species that are non--native and non cause or are likely to cause economic or environmental harm or harm human health. These can be p plants,, animals and other organisms such as microbes.
What’s h ’ so bad b d about b invasives? z Can
alter habitat z Can reduce native diversity z Can exclude or cause disease in natives or beneficial non-natives non natives z Can hybridize with natives z Can be harmful to humans
Florida’s Non-native Species Non-natives
Non-native invasives 1. West Nile Virus 2. Cows 3. Brazilian Pepper 4. Commercial Citrus 5. Citrus Canker 6. Melaleuca 7. Vegetables g 8. Hydrilla 9. Nursery plants 10.Water-hyacinth
H How d do they h do d iit? ? What makes an invasive species successful?
Invasives are productive: z z z z z z
g grow quickly q y long growth period produce lots of offspring p p g (eggs, seeds) have long flowering or fruiting periods i ds spawn multiple times can reproduce with one parent (vegetative reproduction or cloning) g)
Invasives are readily dispersed by: z wind z water z wildlife z humans
Invasives lack natural controls: z predators d t z insects z diseases
Invasives are habitat generalists: z can tolerate range of temperatures z can live in variety of habitats z have h a broad b d diet di t
Invasives outcompete natives: z shade native plants z consume nutrients or food of natives
How did invasives get here? H Humans are the th primary i means of f introduction i t d ti
hitchhikers (boating (boating, ballast, ballast cargo) z moving plants and animals z aquariums z gardening z pets z
What invasive species are in my town? K d Kudzu
•Fast F t growth, th one foot f t a day d •Often seen on the side of the road. d •Introduced as ornamental and to control t l erosion. i •Has other uses – kudzu j ll b jelly, baskets, k t paper
What invasive species are in my town? Fi A Fire Ants t
• From South America • Accidentally introduced to Mobile, Alabama in soil used as ballast • Can harm humans, pets and wildlife and also cause crop damage
What invasive species are in my town? B Brazilian ili pepper
• Produces chemical that inhibits other plants • Small red fruits spread by animals • Plant pieces can sprout new plants • From South America America, introduced as an ornamental in 1800s • Can cause skin rashes and breathing difficulty in people
What h might h I find f d in the h water? Hydrilla
•Takes over water bodies. •Native of Asia introduced by an •
aquarium keeper Fragments can become new plants
A f Are farms affected? ff d? z z z z
Citrus canker West Nile virus Fruitfly Plant-eating Snails
Th Law The L Unlawful release of exotic species in Florida is punishable by a $1 $1,000 000 fine and up to one year in jail.
C Control l and d Management M z Physical Ph i l
Control C t l z Chemical Control z Biological Control z Ecological Control z Commercialization
What Can I Do to Help? z z
Don’t bring home unfamiliar plants or animals Never free pets into the wild – Birds, fish, snails, iguanas, or monkeys – Don’t dump aquariums into waterways – Give unwanted pets away
z
On the water – Clean off your boat and aquatic equipment – Throw back any fish you won’t eat when fishing
z
Use native plants or well researched nonnatives whenever possible
Know the K h pathways h of f introduction i d i and d do your part to stop accidental release into wild z Be aware of laws related to non-native species z Join a community group that restores habitat and removes invasives z Look at up-to-date information on new invasives and exotics z Teach others about the benefits and risks of non-native non native species z
This Thi presentation i prepared d as a part off
Florida Agriculture & NonNon-native Species an education unit developed by the
Fl id D Florida Department t t off A Agriculture i lt and d Consumer Services Division of Aquaculture ADAM H. PUTNAM, Commissioner with funding from
Florida Ag in the Classroom Classroom, Inc Inc. DACS-P-00071
