Pennsylvania Historic Mine Map Preservation & GIS Implementation
PENNSYLVANIA HISTORIC MINE MAP PRESERVATION & GIS IMPLIMENTATION Sam Steingrabe and Patrick Jaquay Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection
Project Background • 160 years of coal mining in Pennsylvania • Maps hand drafted on canvas‐backed paper or linen • No central location of mine maps for most of that time • 1969 Congress established a mine map repository
Project Background • Why is this important? – Mine Subsidence Insurance Program – Archive Quality Images – Mine Safety – Mine Reclamation Projects – Oil and Gas Drilling – Make Government more Efficient
Mine Map Acquisition, Preservation, Data Collection • • • • •
Federal Maps Resource State Maps Resources Preservation Scanning Attribute Collection
Federal Mine Map Resource • Department of the Interior : Office of Surface Mining(OSM) National Mine Map Repository – Pittsburgh Pennsylvania – 135,000 microfilm maps – 500 Terabytes of digital mapping – Large Knowledge Base
State Mine Map Resources • • • • • •
Six District Mining Offices Office of Mine Safety Educational Institutions Mining Company Collections Coal Heritage Museums County Courthouses
Map Preservation • University of Pittsburgh Archive Center • Treatment can include: – Humidification – Flattening – Repair – Cleaning
Before Humidification & Flattening
After Humidification & Flattening
National Geospatial Conference ‐ 2008
During Cleaning
After Cleaning
Handling and Storage • • • • •
University of Pittsburgh “White Glove Treatment” Encapsulated during transportation Controlled Environment Only happens to a few maps within the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
National Geospatial Conference ‐ 2008
Handling and Storage • • • •
DEP Office Archive “Green Building” Filing Cabinets Binders
Map Handling and Storage • • • •
Outside Collections Treatment Restoration Storage
Data Collection ‐ Scanning
Data Collection ‐ Scanning
Vacuum Table Off
Vacuum Table On
Data Collection ‐ Database Creation • The information contained on the mine maps are entered into an Oracle database – Mine Name – Operator – Coal Seam – Scale – Location – Survey Dates – Etc.
Digital Map Image Post‐processing • Stitching Multiple Scenes – Photoshop CS4’s Photo Merge
• Crop image to neatline – Seamless Coalbed/Mine display
• tiff image file converted to Mr.Sid compression file at 20:1 ratio, Gen 3 – Faster display refresh – Faster server connection
Digital Map Image Georeferencing • Control Point Selection – Road Intersections – Structures – Property Lines
• Goal of at least 4 Control Points
Digital Map Image Georeferencing • Georeferencing Target Priorities – Aerial Orthoimagery • PA DCNR PAMAP Program • Historic Images (if available)
– USGS Topographic Maps – County‐supplied Property Parcel Shapefiles – Historic USGS Topographic Maps – Adjacent Mine Maps
Digital Map Image Georeferencing • More of an Art Form than a Science • Limitations – Unknown coordinate systems of mine maps – Lack of surface control points – Movement of surface control points (i.e. roads, streams, property lines) over time – Image distortions from paper aging (paper shrinkage) and scanning (folds/creases)
Digital Map Image Georeferencing
Digital Map Image Georeferencing • Accuracy – Non‐quantitative – Unknown accuracy of mine map – Visual Inspection • Compare map image to base maps and adjacent mining
• Maps Georeferenced to Date: 5,996
Map Vectorization • Heads‐up Digitizing • Captured Features – Mined Out Areas (Underground Voids) – Mine Entries – Coal Seam Elevation – Map Extent
Map Vectorization • Mined Out Areas – Mine Workings – Attributes Captured • • • •
Mine Name Operator Name Coal Seam Name Map Source
– Total Acres Digitized to Date: 965,317
Map Vectorization • Mined Out Areas
Map Vectorization • Mine Entries ‐Shafts
‐Drifts/Slopes
Map Vectorization • Coal Seam Elevation – Structure Contours – Surveyed Points – Attributes Captured • Coal Seam Name • Feet above Sea Level – Limitation: Unknown Datums
Map Vectorization • Map Extents – Attributes Captured • Digital Map Image Name • Local Sheet ID for PHUMMIS
– Spatial Index Feature Class of Mine Maps
Map Vectorization • Map Extents ‐ Spatial Index of Mine Maps
GIS Implementation • • • • •
CDO Geodatabase Coal Seam Elevation Raster ArcServer: MSIWeb Data Sharing ArcReader: SIP Map
GIS Implementation • CDO Geodatabase – File Geodatabase on office’s network of all of the office’s GIS data – Updated nightly from project folders – All projects/ templates pull data from one location – Known source for all up‐to‐date data – Contains other mining related spatial data
GIS Implementation • Coal Seam Elevation Raster – Interpolated from digitized points/contour lines – When subtracted from surface DEMS, overburden raster can be created – Great for display at public information meetings
GIS Implementation • Overburden Public Presentation Map
GIS Implementation • Mine Subsidence Insurance Web Map (MSIWeb) – Project for Department Internal Use – Insurance Reps can check for mining conditions, subsidence event locations, and insurance claim status from any department office across the state
GIS Implementation • MSIWeb
GIS Implementation • Data Sharing – PA gNet • PA DEP’s internal GIS service • Allows other state agencies to use our data
– PASDA • Pennsylvania Spatial Data Access • Administered by Penn State University • Public Access ftp site
GIS Implementation • Subsidence Investigators’ Published Map (SIPMap) – ArcReader – Includes everything from MSIWeb – Back‐up if internet goes down – Allows Investigator’s to create layouts for reports – Label Maker workaround using MS Access
GIS Implementation • SIPMap
GIS Implementation • SIPMap
Looking Ahead… • Opening MSIWeb to the public • Customized Tool using Python Scripting – Creates Coal Status Report • Report filled in from Feature Attributes • Elevations from interpolated Rasters
– Creates Map layouts • Raster catalogs of georeference mine maps
Customized Tool Python Scripting
Thank You! Sam Steingrabe and Patrick Jaquay Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection www.pamsi.org
Project Background • 160 years of coal mining in Pennsylvania • Maps hand drafted on canvas‐backed paper or linen • No central location of mine maps for most of that time • 1969 Congress established a mine map repository
Project Background • Why is this important? – Mine Subsidence Insurance Program – Archive Quality Images – Mine Safety – Mine Reclamation Projects – Oil and Gas Drilling – Make Government more Efficient
Mine Map Acquisition, Preservation, Data Collection • • • • •
Federal Maps Resource State Maps Resources Preservation Scanning Attribute Collection
Federal Mine Map Resource • Department of the Interior : Office of Surface Mining(OSM) National Mine Map Repository – Pittsburgh Pennsylvania – 135,000 microfilm maps – 500 Terabytes of digital mapping – Large Knowledge Base
State Mine Map Resources • • • • • •
Six District Mining Offices Office of Mine Safety Educational Institutions Mining Company Collections Coal Heritage Museums County Courthouses
Map Preservation • University of Pittsburgh Archive Center • Treatment can include: – Humidification – Flattening – Repair – Cleaning
Before Humidification & Flattening
After Humidification & Flattening
National Geospatial Conference ‐ 2008
During Cleaning
After Cleaning
Handling and Storage • • • • •
University of Pittsburgh “White Glove Treatment” Encapsulated during transportation Controlled Environment Only happens to a few maps within the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
National Geospatial Conference ‐ 2008
Handling and Storage • • • •
DEP Office Archive “Green Building” Filing Cabinets Binders
Map Handling and Storage • • • •
Outside Collections Treatment Restoration Storage
Data Collection ‐ Scanning
Data Collection ‐ Scanning
Vacuum Table Off
Vacuum Table On
Data Collection ‐ Database Creation • The information contained on the mine maps are entered into an Oracle database – Mine Name – Operator – Coal Seam – Scale – Location – Survey Dates – Etc.
Digital Map Image Post‐processing • Stitching Multiple Scenes – Photoshop CS4’s Photo Merge
• Crop image to neatline – Seamless Coalbed/Mine display
• tiff image file converted to Mr.Sid compression file at 20:1 ratio, Gen 3 – Faster display refresh – Faster server connection
Digital Map Image Georeferencing • Control Point Selection – Road Intersections – Structures – Property Lines
• Goal of at least 4 Control Points
Digital Map Image Georeferencing • Georeferencing Target Priorities – Aerial Orthoimagery • PA DCNR PAMAP Program • Historic Images (if available)
– USGS Topographic Maps – County‐supplied Property Parcel Shapefiles – Historic USGS Topographic Maps – Adjacent Mine Maps
Digital Map Image Georeferencing • More of an Art Form than a Science • Limitations – Unknown coordinate systems of mine maps – Lack of surface control points – Movement of surface control points (i.e. roads, streams, property lines) over time – Image distortions from paper aging (paper shrinkage) and scanning (folds/creases)
Digital Map Image Georeferencing
Digital Map Image Georeferencing • Accuracy – Non‐quantitative – Unknown accuracy of mine map – Visual Inspection • Compare map image to base maps and adjacent mining
• Maps Georeferenced to Date: 5,996
Map Vectorization • Heads‐up Digitizing • Captured Features – Mined Out Areas (Underground Voids) – Mine Entries – Coal Seam Elevation – Map Extent
Map Vectorization • Mined Out Areas – Mine Workings – Attributes Captured • • • •
Mine Name Operator Name Coal Seam Name Map Source
– Total Acres Digitized to Date: 965,317
Map Vectorization • Mined Out Areas
Map Vectorization • Mine Entries ‐Shafts
‐Drifts/Slopes
Map Vectorization • Coal Seam Elevation – Structure Contours – Surveyed Points – Attributes Captured • Coal Seam Name • Feet above Sea Level – Limitation: Unknown Datums
Map Vectorization • Map Extents – Attributes Captured • Digital Map Image Name • Local Sheet ID for PHUMMIS
– Spatial Index Feature Class of Mine Maps
Map Vectorization • Map Extents ‐ Spatial Index of Mine Maps
GIS Implementation • • • • •
CDO Geodatabase Coal Seam Elevation Raster ArcServer: MSIWeb Data Sharing ArcReader: SIP Map
GIS Implementation • CDO Geodatabase – File Geodatabase on office’s network of all of the office’s GIS data – Updated nightly from project folders – All projects/ templates pull data from one location – Known source for all up‐to‐date data – Contains other mining related spatial data
GIS Implementation • Coal Seam Elevation Raster – Interpolated from digitized points/contour lines – When subtracted from surface DEMS, overburden raster can be created – Great for display at public information meetings
GIS Implementation • Overburden Public Presentation Map
GIS Implementation • Mine Subsidence Insurance Web Map (MSIWeb) – Project for Department Internal Use – Insurance Reps can check for mining conditions, subsidence event locations, and insurance claim status from any department office across the state
GIS Implementation • MSIWeb
GIS Implementation • Data Sharing – PA gNet • PA DEP’s internal GIS service • Allows other state agencies to use our data
– PASDA • Pennsylvania Spatial Data Access • Administered by Penn State University • Public Access ftp site
GIS Implementation • Subsidence Investigators’ Published Map (SIPMap) – ArcReader – Includes everything from MSIWeb – Back‐up if internet goes down – Allows Investigator’s to create layouts for reports – Label Maker workaround using MS Access
GIS Implementation • SIPMap
GIS Implementation • SIPMap
Looking Ahead… • Opening MSIWeb to the public • Customized Tool using Python Scripting – Creates Coal Status Report • Report filled in from Feature Attributes • Elevations from interpolated Rasters
– Creates Map layouts • Raster catalogs of georeference mine maps
Customized Tool Python Scripting
Thank You! Sam Steingrabe and Patrick Jaquay Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection www.pamsi.org
