Periphyton Surveys and Trophic Transfer Modeling
Periphyton Surveys and Trophic Transfer Modeling Prof. Mike Newman Kyle R. Tom In collaboration with the W&M avian and URS Eco Study Teams
Mercury Spatial Distribution Total Hg (ug/g dry wt) REF
SP2
SP1
SP3
North Park
Dooms Crossing Rd
1.0
N Oak Ln
10.0
Gage Bridge (Lynhurst)
100.0
0.1 July June
0.0 -6.5
-4.5
-2.5
-0.5
1.5
3.5
5.5
River Distance (km from Bridge)
7.5
Periphyton Update * Extended sampling downriver in trophic modeling efforts * We analyzed additional metals to further understand metal transport/accumulation. Student-Newman-Kuels Test WHAT THIS ANALYSIS? Log INSIGHTS Hg Cd EMERGE Zn FROM Cu Pb
Fe
Several metals in addition to Hg increased at Waynesboro
( N increased STP and then C did not14 change spatially) -2.9 at.18 57decreased,23 2222 REF 15
13
Distinct patterns so “depositional regime” is not sole driver of [Hg]site Hg is the only element after Crossing 2322 -0.02 .44 still increasing 146 34 Dooms21 SP1 Why? Are several plausible, nonexclusive hypotheses -
Mn 124 245
1. Relative magnitude of sources dictates metal spatial distributions? SP22. Spatial qualities (floodplain) of sources create differences in spatial distributions? 3 Trophic domination of Hg dynamics relative to those of the other metals? Like nutrients, Hg exhibits elemental “spiraling” that fosters retention?
+1.8
.43
145
35
19
2615
233
34 +2.0 .25 107 16 2389 SP3 Knowing which is/are “true” informs future predictions/remediation
145
Current Sampling For Trophic Modeling Central theme is to coordinate SP3 sampling with avian and URS Eco Study (invertebrates & fish) teams for tissue analyses. VIMS team also took samples to fill gaps.
SP2
Sites were sampled at *Dooms Crossing Rd (Rt 611) *Crimora (Augusta Forestry Center) *Grottoes (Town Park)
SP1
Ref
Also took advantage of past fish sampling (larger fish): *1BSTH020.44 Dooms near Rt 611 bridge *1BSTH014.49 Crimora at Augusta Forestry Center *1BSTH004.21 Grottoes near Grand Caverns bridge
2006 Trophic Modeling Samples
Plants/algae
Promising Preliminary Results
Promising Preliminary Results
Patterns Slowly Surfacing Dooms Crossing Rd (Rt 611) 16.00
4
Expect approx. 3.4 mil/trophic level
3
(Minagawa & Wada. 1984. Geoch.Cosmoch. Acta. 48:1135)
Crayfish Periphyton (2001) Physid (Snail)
10.00
Helisoma (Snail)
2
Mayfly Larvae
8.00
Leptoxis carinata (Snail)
15
δ N (o/oo)_
(Briand & Cohen.1987.Science 238:956)
Duck Weed
14.00
12.00
Expect approx. 3.7 chain length
6.00
1
Corbicula Water Pennies
4.00
Red Breasted Sunfish 2.00
White Sucker Large Mouth Bass
0.00
Flora and Fauna
Patterns Slowly Surfacing
Trophic Modeling Statistical Fitting of Data to Biomagnification Models: A separate model will be generated for each site and slopes compared to assess whether a more general model can be generated that includes all sites. Data pairs (total mercury concentration vs 15N) will be fit to the model,
[ Hg ]i a b( N i ) 15
or, if plots of mercury concentration vs 15N suggest an exponential relationship,,
[ Hg ]i e
a b 15 N i
Locations Constitution Park North Park Dooms Crossing Crimora (AFC) Grottoes (Town Park)
Sampling Triplicates of each All whole body Split every composite for Hg and N isotopes Model Cross-validation ● 2 to Build/1 to Test ● Also PRESS
Ln Mercury Concentration
Proposed for 2007/2008 Crimora Biota Sampled Grottoes 1. Periphyton (natural surface coating) Dooms 2. Filamentous algae (key to genus) 3. Submerged macrophyte (key to genus) 4. Gastropod (Leptoxis carinata prosobranch) North Park 5. Gastropod (Physid pulmonate, key to genus) 6. Water Penny (Psephenidae insect) Constitution Park 7. Corbicula 8. Caddisfly (Trichoptera) 9. Mayfly (Ephemeroptera) 10. Crayfish (key to genus) 11. Damsel(Zygoptera)/Dragonfly (Anisptera) (Odonata) 12. Minnow (key to genus/species) 13. Darter (key to genus/species) 14. Sculpin (key to genus/species) 15. Redbreast Sunfish 15N 16. White Sucker 17. Smallmouth Bass
QUESTIONS?
Mercury Spatial Distribution Total Hg (ug/g dry wt) REF
SP2
SP1
SP3
North Park
Dooms Crossing Rd
1.0
N Oak Ln
10.0
Gage Bridge (Lynhurst)
100.0
0.1 July June
0.0 -6.5
-4.5
-2.5
-0.5
1.5
3.5
5.5
River Distance (km from Bridge)
7.5
Periphyton Update * Extended sampling downriver in trophic modeling efforts * We analyzed additional metals to further understand metal transport/accumulation. Student-Newman-Kuels Test WHAT THIS ANALYSIS? Log INSIGHTS Hg Cd EMERGE Zn FROM Cu Pb
Fe
Several metals in addition to Hg increased at Waynesboro
( N increased STP and then C did not14 change spatially) -2.9 at.18 57decreased,23 2222 REF 15
13
Distinct patterns so “depositional regime” is not sole driver of [Hg]site Hg is the only element after Crossing 2322 -0.02 .44 still increasing 146 34 Dooms21 SP1 Why? Are several plausible, nonexclusive hypotheses -
Mn 124 245
1. Relative magnitude of sources dictates metal spatial distributions? SP22. Spatial qualities (floodplain) of sources create differences in spatial distributions? 3 Trophic domination of Hg dynamics relative to those of the other metals? Like nutrients, Hg exhibits elemental “spiraling” that fosters retention?
+1.8
.43
145
35
19
2615
233
34 +2.0 .25 107 16 2389 SP3 Knowing which is/are “true” informs future predictions/remediation
145
Current Sampling For Trophic Modeling Central theme is to coordinate SP3 sampling with avian and URS Eco Study (invertebrates & fish) teams for tissue analyses. VIMS team also took samples to fill gaps.
SP2
Sites were sampled at *Dooms Crossing Rd (Rt 611) *Crimora (Augusta Forestry Center) *Grottoes (Town Park)
SP1
Ref
Also took advantage of past fish sampling (larger fish): *1BSTH020.44 Dooms near Rt 611 bridge *1BSTH014.49 Crimora at Augusta Forestry Center *1BSTH004.21 Grottoes near Grand Caverns bridge
2006 Trophic Modeling Samples
Plants/algae
Promising Preliminary Results
Promising Preliminary Results
Patterns Slowly Surfacing Dooms Crossing Rd (Rt 611) 16.00
4
Expect approx. 3.4 mil/trophic level
3
(Minagawa & Wada. 1984. Geoch.Cosmoch. Acta. 48:1135)
Crayfish Periphyton (2001) Physid (Snail)
10.00
Helisoma (Snail)
2
Mayfly Larvae
8.00
Leptoxis carinata (Snail)
15
δ N (o/oo)_
(Briand & Cohen.1987.Science 238:956)
Duck Weed
14.00
12.00
Expect approx. 3.7 chain length
6.00
1
Corbicula Water Pennies
4.00
Red Breasted Sunfish 2.00
White Sucker Large Mouth Bass
0.00
Flora and Fauna
Patterns Slowly Surfacing
Trophic Modeling Statistical Fitting of Data to Biomagnification Models: A separate model will be generated for each site and slopes compared to assess whether a more general model can be generated that includes all sites. Data pairs (total mercury concentration vs 15N) will be fit to the model,
[ Hg ]i a b( N i ) 15
or, if plots of mercury concentration vs 15N suggest an exponential relationship,,
[ Hg ]i e
a b 15 N i
Locations Constitution Park North Park Dooms Crossing Crimora (AFC) Grottoes (Town Park)
Sampling Triplicates of each All whole body Split every composite for Hg and N isotopes Model Cross-validation ● 2 to Build/1 to Test ● Also PRESS
Ln Mercury Concentration
Proposed for 2007/2008 Crimora Biota Sampled Grottoes 1. Periphyton (natural surface coating) Dooms 2. Filamentous algae (key to genus) 3. Submerged macrophyte (key to genus) 4. Gastropod (Leptoxis carinata prosobranch) North Park 5. Gastropod (Physid pulmonate, key to genus) 6. Water Penny (Psephenidae insect) Constitution Park 7. Corbicula 8. Caddisfly (Trichoptera) 9. Mayfly (Ephemeroptera) 10. Crayfish (key to genus) 11. Damsel(Zygoptera)/Dragonfly (Anisptera) (Odonata) 12. Minnow (key to genus/species) 13. Darter (key to genus/species) 14. Sculpin (key to genus/species) 15. Redbreast Sunfish 15N 16. White Sucker 17. Smallmouth Bass
QUESTIONS?
