Phonetics and Phonology
Curso de especialización en pronunciación del ingles para docentes primarios y secundarios. Instituto de Perfeccionamiento Docente Ministerio de Educación deTucumán =
MODULE 4: Production of speech sounds. Vowel and Consonants. The vowel chart.
English vowel sounds. ses. The utterance. Segmentation and its implications.
.
Modification at the glottis: Vd. vs Vless. Position of soft palate: nasal vs. oral Modification at the oral cavity : Lip position : rounded, spread, neutral
Vowels: No obstruction or narrowing. Central to the syllable. Example / i: / Beat /biːt/
Consonants: Obstruction or narrowing. Marginal in the syllable. Young /j/and /ŋ/ /jʌŋ/
PHONETICALLY SPEAKING: Voiced.
Oral.
There is no obstruction to the air passage.
PHONOLOGICALY SPEAKING: It’s the nucleus of the syllable.
Criteria for the description of vowel sounds Part of the tongue raised. Height to which the tongue is raised.
Criteria
Length or duration. Position of the lips.
Muscular tension.
The Vowel Chart ( quadrangle)
Lip position for the production of vowel sounds: NEUTRAL SPREAD ROUNDED: closed, open
Muscular Tension used in the production of vowel sounds: TENSE LAX
The English Pure vowel sounds
e U
I Q з
u
i I
U
ə з
e
æ
A
Full phonetic description of an English vowel Sound
English vowel //
English vowel /æ/
Part of tongue raised Height of the tongue Lip Position
FRONT
SPREAD
Part of tongue raised Height of the tongue Lip Position
Muscular tension
TENSE
Muscular tension
Duration (length)
LONG
Duration (length)
ALMOST CLOSED
HOW TO TEACH VOWEL SOUNDS Teacher’s modeling. Visual aids.
Spelling.
HOW TO TEACH VOWEL SOUNDS Using nicknames for vowel sounds. E.g. Give me the smiling vowel. Give me the “gorilla” u. Give me the “Friday afternoon vowel” Using graphs for the position of the tongue.
HOW TO TEACH VOWEL SOUNDS Using word / sound discrimination exercises.
Matching exercises. a. b. c. d.
Pete. Pit Pet Pat
1. / pet / 2. / pi:t / 3. / p9t / 4. / pIt /
a. feet b. fet c. fit d. fat
1. / 2. / 3. / 4. /
fi:t / fIt / f9t / fet /
Pronunciation games and quizzes. http://cambridgeenglishonline.com/Phonetics_Focus/ http://www.bbc.co.uk/apps/ifl/worldservice/quiznet/quizengine?Conte ntType=text/html;quiz=1050_qnet_pron http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/grammar/pro n/
MODULE 4: Production of speech sounds. Vowel and Consonants. The vowel chart.
English vowel sounds. ses. The utterance. Segmentation and its implications.
.
Modification at the glottis: Vd. vs Vless. Position of soft palate: nasal vs. oral Modification at the oral cavity : Lip position : rounded, spread, neutral
Vowels: No obstruction or narrowing. Central to the syllable. Example / i: / Beat /biːt/
Consonants: Obstruction or narrowing. Marginal in the syllable. Young /j/and /ŋ/ /jʌŋ/
PHONETICALLY SPEAKING: Voiced.
Oral.
There is no obstruction to the air passage.
PHONOLOGICALY SPEAKING: It’s the nucleus of the syllable.
Criteria for the description of vowel sounds Part of the tongue raised. Height to which the tongue is raised.
Criteria
Length or duration. Position of the lips.
Muscular tension.
The Vowel Chart ( quadrangle)
Lip position for the production of vowel sounds: NEUTRAL SPREAD ROUNDED: closed, open
Muscular Tension used in the production of vowel sounds: TENSE LAX
The English Pure vowel sounds
e U
I Q з
u
i I
U
ə з
e
æ
A
Full phonetic description of an English vowel Sound
English vowel //
English vowel /æ/
Part of tongue raised Height of the tongue Lip Position
FRONT
SPREAD
Part of tongue raised Height of the tongue Lip Position
Muscular tension
TENSE
Muscular tension
Duration (length)
LONG
Duration (length)
ALMOST CLOSED
HOW TO TEACH VOWEL SOUNDS Teacher’s modeling. Visual aids.
Spelling.
HOW TO TEACH VOWEL SOUNDS Using nicknames for vowel sounds. E.g. Give me the smiling vowel. Give me the “gorilla” u. Give me the “Friday afternoon vowel” Using graphs for the position of the tongue.
HOW TO TEACH VOWEL SOUNDS Using word / sound discrimination exercises.
Matching exercises. a. b. c. d.
Pete. Pit Pet Pat
1. / pet / 2. / pi:t / 3. / p9t / 4. / pIt /
a. feet b. fet c. fit d. fat
1. / 2. / 3. / 4. /
fi:t / fIt / f9t / fet /
Pronunciation games and quizzes. http://cambridgeenglishonline.com/Phonetics_Focus/ http://www.bbc.co.uk/apps/ifl/worldservice/quiznet/quizengine?Conte ntType=text/html;quiz=1050_qnet_pron http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/grammar/pro n/
