Principle of transformation: stimuli and responses created by stimuli ...
Principle of transformation: stimuli and responses created by stimuli are transformed or changed, between the environmental stimulus and perception. Principle of representation: everything a person perceives is based not on direct contact with stimuli by representations of stimuli that are formed on the receptors and on activity in the person’s nervous system.
Primary receiving area: located in cerebrum cortex. Occipital lobe: visual – located in temporal lobe. Parietal lobe: skin senses – touch, temperature and pain. Frontal lobe: receive signals from all of the senses – coordinate information received.
Sensory receptors: cells specialised to respond to environmental energy, with each sensory systems receptors specialised to a specific type of energy.
Perception: conscious awareness of the tree.
Visual pigment: light-sensitive chemical which reacts to light.
Visual format agnosia: an inability to recognise objects.
Transduction: transformation in one form of energy to another form (for example – light energy to electrical energy).
Action: involving motor activities – for example a person walking towards a tree.
Neural processing: changes in neural signals as they occur.
Recognition: placing an object into a category such as tree.
Knowledge: any information that the perceiver brings to a situation.
Differentiate between top-down and bottom-up processing:
Bottom-up processing: Processing based on incoming stimuli from the environment (like coming into your eyes are turned into visual processing of the). Top-down processing: Processing based on the perceivers previous knowledge cognitive factors (add knowledge/memory to perception).
Discuss the two levels of analysis of studying perception:
Psychophysiological approach: Measures the relationship between the stimuli and the behavioural response. Physiological approach: Involves measuring two relationships – the relationship between stimuli and physiological approaches and the relationship between physiological responses and behavioural responses.
Describe how cognitive processes can influence perception:
Research study cognitive influences by measuring how knowledge and other factors, such as memories and expectations, affect all of the relationships. For example; the rat man figure.
Discuss what the phenomenological method is:
Where a person is asked to describe what he or she is perceiving it indicate when a particular perception occurs.
Primary receiving area: located in cerebrum cortex. Occipital lobe: visual – located in temporal lobe. Parietal lobe: skin senses – touch, temperature and pain. Frontal lobe: receive signals from all of the senses – coordinate information received.
Sensory receptors: cells specialised to respond to environmental energy, with each sensory systems receptors specialised to a specific type of energy.
Perception: conscious awareness of the tree.
Visual pigment: light-sensitive chemical which reacts to light.
Visual format agnosia: an inability to recognise objects.
Transduction: transformation in one form of energy to another form (for example – light energy to electrical energy).
Action: involving motor activities – for example a person walking towards a tree.
Neural processing: changes in neural signals as they occur.
Recognition: placing an object into a category such as tree.
Knowledge: any information that the perceiver brings to a situation.
Differentiate between top-down and bottom-up processing:
Bottom-up processing: Processing based on incoming stimuli from the environment (like coming into your eyes are turned into visual processing of the). Top-down processing: Processing based on the perceivers previous knowledge cognitive factors (add knowledge/memory to perception).
Discuss the two levels of analysis of studying perception:
Psychophysiological approach: Measures the relationship between the stimuli and the behavioural response. Physiological approach: Involves measuring two relationships – the relationship between stimuli and physiological approaches and the relationship between physiological responses and behavioural responses.
Describe how cognitive processes can influence perception:
Research study cognitive influences by measuring how knowledge and other factors, such as memories and expectations, affect all of the relationships. For example; the rat man figure.
Discuss what the phenomenological method is:
Where a person is asked to describe what he or she is perceiving it indicate when a particular perception occurs.
