RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES in AUSTRIA
INSTITUTE FOR SUSTAINABLE WASTE MANAGEMENT AND TECHNOLOGY (IAE)
RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES in AUSTRIA
O.Univ.Prof.Dr.-Ing. Karl E. Lorber Tel: 0043 3842-402-5100 www.mu-leoben.at/iae
Peter-Tunner-Straße 15 Fax +43 (0) 3842 402-5102 [email protected]
1. AUSTRIAN ENERGY SCENARIO 1.1 Sources of Energy 2. RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES 2.1 Hydroelectric power 2.2. Biomass 2.3. Biofuel 2.4 Biogas 2.5 Waste to Energy 2.6 Energy from ambient environment (Windenergy, Solar Heating, Heat pumps) 3. ENERGY CONSERVATION BY „PASSIVE HOUSES“ 4. CONCLUSIONS
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1. AUSTRIAN ENERGY SCENARIO National Primary Energy Consumption (2005): 1,441 PJ
Imported Energy: 68.1 % Indigenous Energy: 31,9 % (renewable: 71.5 %) 3
1.1 SOURCES of ENERGY Fossil Energy: 77.2 %
Oil: 45 % Gas: 18.4 % Coal: 2.5 % Hydroelectric power: 11.7 %
Renewable Energy: 22.8 % Others: 11.1 %
No nuclear power plants International Ranking: Renewable Energy Norway (49.6 %) Sweden (32.9 %) Finland (24.9 %) Austria (22.8 %) 4
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NATIONAL ENERGY FLUX
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INDIGENOUS ENERGY SOURCES TOTAL: 459 PJ (31.9%)
• Hydroelectric power:
36.6 %
• Biomass:
28.9 %
• Waste to Energy:
3.1 %
• Solar Heating, Heat Pumps, Wind Energy:
1.8 %
• Oil:
11 %
• Natural Gas:
15.7 %
• Coal:
3%
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Development of RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES in AUSTRIA
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2. RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCE WATER POWER: (11.7 %)
Renewable Energy: 22.8 % BIOMASS (9,3 %)
Indigenous Energy Sources
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National Consumption of renewable energy
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EXAMPLES
• WATER POWER: 59 % Electricity Supply (2 % - 4 % other renewable energy sources, 39 % thermal power plants).
• BIOMASS: 47 % of total area of Austria is FOREST (Styria: „green heart of Austria“) Wood as fuel in BIOMASS-POWER-STATIONS (Co-generation of heat & power) as well as for domestical heating in households.
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- WOOD CHIPS - WOOD PELLETS e.g.: Sample of wood pellets for household heating Heating Value (LHV): 19 MJ/kg Density: 1.25 g/cm³ Water content: < 10 % Ash: 0.19 % Supply in Bags (15 kg) and Big Bags (1000 kg) • BIOFUEL: -Production of Biodiesel from different feedstock materials: -Rapeseed oil -Soybean oil -Used vegetable (waste) oil -Animal fats (tallow, lard) from slaughter houses and tanneries 11
BIOGAS (CH4 / CO2) e.g.: - anaerobic digestion of different feedstock materials (farm waste, food residues, sewage sludge, etc.) - landfill gas utilization in GAS-MOTORS or UPGRADING of Biogas to Gas-Pipeline Standards by MEMBRANE Technology (EXAMPLE: Waste Water Treatment Plant Leoben →Biogas is upgraded and supplied to nearby steel plant)
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WASTE TO ENERGY SYSTEMS 2 different ways: - INCINERATION OF RESIDUAL WASTE (LHV=10MJ/kg) IN MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE INCINERATOR Æ District Heating -
CO-INCINERATION OF REFUSED DERIVED FUEL (RDF) (LHV=15-25 MJ/kg) IN INDUSTRIAL FLUIDIZED BED UTILITY BOILER OR CEMENT KILN.
Waste: > 60 % Renewable ENERGY (12C/14C-ISOTOPE RATIO)
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AUSTRIAN WASTE SPLITTING PROCESS Household waste
SEPARATE COLLECTION
RECYCLING GLASS,METAL,PLASTIC,PAPER
MECHANICAL-BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT PLANT
Residual waste MSW-INCINERATOR
High calorific fraction
SEPARATION
REFUSE DERIVED FUEL
Low calorific fraction
BIOLOGICAL STABILIZATION (composting)
CO-INCINERATION LANDFILL FLUIDIZED BED BOILER
CEMENT KILN 14
7
Refused Derived Fuel (RDF) made out of waste 15
4. CONCLUSIONS • Austria depends on the import (68 %) of energy/energy sources. • Main renewable energy sources in Austria are WATER POWER (11.7 %) and BIOMASS (9.3 %). • With 22.8 % of RENEWABLE ENERGY, Austria ranks world wide on 4th place. • AUSTRIAN TECHNOLOGY is well known in the fields of: BIODIESEL PRODUCTION REFUSED DERIVED FUEL PRODUCTION BIOGAS-MOTOR CONSTRUCTION • To reach the national CO2-REDUCTION Target, all kinds of renewable energy sources are encouraged & supported by Austrian government.
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RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES in AUSTRIA
O.Univ.Prof.Dr.-Ing. Karl E. Lorber Tel: 0043 3842-402-5100 www.mu-leoben.at/iae
Peter-Tunner-Straße 15 Fax +43 (0) 3842 402-5102 [email protected]
1. AUSTRIAN ENERGY SCENARIO 1.1 Sources of Energy 2. RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES 2.1 Hydroelectric power 2.2. Biomass 2.3. Biofuel 2.4 Biogas 2.5 Waste to Energy 2.6 Energy from ambient environment (Windenergy, Solar Heating, Heat pumps) 3. ENERGY CONSERVATION BY „PASSIVE HOUSES“ 4. CONCLUSIONS
2
1
1. AUSTRIAN ENERGY SCENARIO National Primary Energy Consumption (2005): 1,441 PJ
Imported Energy: 68.1 % Indigenous Energy: 31,9 % (renewable: 71.5 %) 3
1.1 SOURCES of ENERGY Fossil Energy: 77.2 %
Oil: 45 % Gas: 18.4 % Coal: 2.5 % Hydroelectric power: 11.7 %
Renewable Energy: 22.8 % Others: 11.1 %
No nuclear power plants International Ranking: Renewable Energy Norway (49.6 %) Sweden (32.9 %) Finland (24.9 %) Austria (22.8 %) 4
2
NATIONAL ENERGY FLUX
5
INDIGENOUS ENERGY SOURCES TOTAL: 459 PJ (31.9%)
• Hydroelectric power:
36.6 %
• Biomass:
28.9 %
• Waste to Energy:
3.1 %
• Solar Heating, Heat Pumps, Wind Energy:
1.8 %
• Oil:
11 %
• Natural Gas:
15.7 %
• Coal:
3%
6
3
Development of RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES in AUSTRIA
7
2. RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCE WATER POWER: (11.7 %)
Renewable Energy: 22.8 % BIOMASS (9,3 %)
Indigenous Energy Sources
8
4
National Consumption of renewable energy
9
EXAMPLES
• WATER POWER: 59 % Electricity Supply (2 % - 4 % other renewable energy sources, 39 % thermal power plants).
• BIOMASS: 47 % of total area of Austria is FOREST (Styria: „green heart of Austria“) Wood as fuel in BIOMASS-POWER-STATIONS (Co-generation of heat & power) as well as for domestical heating in households.
10
5
- WOOD CHIPS - WOOD PELLETS e.g.: Sample of wood pellets for household heating Heating Value (LHV): 19 MJ/kg Density: 1.25 g/cm³ Water content: < 10 % Ash: 0.19 % Supply in Bags (15 kg) and Big Bags (1000 kg) • BIOFUEL: -Production of Biodiesel from different feedstock materials: -Rapeseed oil -Soybean oil -Used vegetable (waste) oil -Animal fats (tallow, lard) from slaughter houses and tanneries 11
BIOGAS (CH4 / CO2) e.g.: - anaerobic digestion of different feedstock materials (farm waste, food residues, sewage sludge, etc.) - landfill gas utilization in GAS-MOTORS or UPGRADING of Biogas to Gas-Pipeline Standards by MEMBRANE Technology (EXAMPLE: Waste Water Treatment Plant Leoben →Biogas is upgraded and supplied to nearby steel plant)
12
6
WASTE TO ENERGY SYSTEMS 2 different ways: - INCINERATION OF RESIDUAL WASTE (LHV=10MJ/kg) IN MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE INCINERATOR Æ District Heating -
CO-INCINERATION OF REFUSED DERIVED FUEL (RDF) (LHV=15-25 MJ/kg) IN INDUSTRIAL FLUIDIZED BED UTILITY BOILER OR CEMENT KILN.
Waste: > 60 % Renewable ENERGY (12C/14C-ISOTOPE RATIO)
13
AUSTRIAN WASTE SPLITTING PROCESS Household waste
SEPARATE COLLECTION
RECYCLING GLASS,METAL,PLASTIC,PAPER
MECHANICAL-BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT PLANT
Residual waste MSW-INCINERATOR
High calorific fraction
SEPARATION
REFUSE DERIVED FUEL
Low calorific fraction
BIOLOGICAL STABILIZATION (composting)
CO-INCINERATION LANDFILL FLUIDIZED BED BOILER
CEMENT KILN 14
7
Refused Derived Fuel (RDF) made out of waste 15
4. CONCLUSIONS • Austria depends on the import (68 %) of energy/energy sources. • Main renewable energy sources in Austria are WATER POWER (11.7 %) and BIOMASS (9.3 %). • With 22.8 % of RENEWABLE ENERGY, Austria ranks world wide on 4th place. • AUSTRIAN TECHNOLOGY is well known in the fields of: BIODIESEL PRODUCTION REFUSED DERIVED FUEL PRODUCTION BIOGAS-MOTOR CONSTRUCTION • To reach the national CO2-REDUCTION Target, all kinds of renewable energy sources are encouraged & supported by Austrian government.
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