Renewable Energy Supply as a System of Systems: Offshore Wind ...
Renewable Energy Supply as a System of Systems: Offshore Wind and Onshore Solar Southeastern Virginia ENERGY TECHNOLOGY PARTNERSHIP FORUM College of William and Mary Alumni House Williamsburg, VA 13 April 2010
George Hagerman VCERC Director of Research Virginia Tech Advanced Research Institute 4300 Wilson Blvd., Suite 750 Arlington, VA 22203 Email: [email protected] Phone: 703-387-6030
Offshore Wind and Onshore Solar can be Cornerstones of a Larger, Integrated Energy System
Offshore Wind is a Winter-Peaking Resource
44009 (5 m) 44014 (5 m) CHLV2 (43.3 m) FRF (20.4 m) CBBT (13 m)
Station ID (anemometer height)
Offshore Wind Turbines are Commercially Available Now
Left photo is of Vestas 3 MW turbines with 90-m rotor diameter and 70-m hub height on steel monopile foundations at Thanet 300 MW project off southeastern England. Right photo is of Siemens 2.3 MW turbines with 83-m rotor diameter and 69-m hub height on concrete gravity base foundations at 166 MW Nysted project off Denmark.
Onshore Solar is a Summer-Peaking Resource
Note wind speed profiles are seasonally complementary
Building-Integrated Photovoltaic Roofing Tiles are Commercially Available Now
Hourly Output Profile of One 5 MW Offshore Wind Turbine in Summer RE 5.0M Output Power 1200000
Output Power (W)
1000000
REPower 5 MW turbine has 126 m rotor diameter, requiring 945 m spacing between towers within project, occupying 0.893 km2 (221 acres) of offshore ocean area per turbine
800000 June July August
600000
400000
200000
0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 Hour of Day
Hourly Output Profile of Ten 500 kW Photovoltaic Roofs in Summer Solar Power Output 3000000
5 MW of PV panels would occupy 625,000 ft2 (14.3 acres) of roof area
Output Power (W)
2500000
2000000 June July August
1500000
1000000
500000
0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 Hour of Day
Hourly Output Profile of Combined Offshore Wind Turbine and PV Roofs in Summer Combined Wind a Solar Power Output Curves 7000000.0 6000000.0
Output Power (W)
5000000.0 4000000.0
June July August
3000000.0 2000000.0 1000000.0
Valleys can be filled by microturbine-generators fueled by algal biogas
0.0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 Hour of Day
Algal Biogas for Electric Power in the Future
Replicating the same process for combined heat and power
Anaerobic digestion of seaweed naturally produces methane
Candidate Seaweed Species Native to the Mid-Atlantic Coastal Region
Ulva Gracilaria
• Along Mid-Atlantic and Southeastern beaches Gracilaria and Ulva can wash ashore and pile up in windrows where natural decomposition produces methane and hydrogen sulfide • Ulva expected to yield 214,400 ft3 of methane per acre of pond area per year • Gracilaria expected to yield 514,500 ft3 of methane per acre of pond area per year
Tokyo Gas 10 kW Demonstration Project
Ulva harvest Digester
Ulva slurry After two weeks in anaerobic digester, one dry ton of Ulva yields 600 cubic feet of biogas (60% CH4 and 40% CO2), which supplies a 9.8 kW micro-turbine generator
Thank You!
Any questions? Email: [email protected]
George Hagerman VCERC Director of Research Virginia Tech Advanced Research Institute 4300 Wilson Blvd., Suite 750 Arlington, VA 22203 Email: [email protected] Phone: 703-387-6030
Offshore Wind and Onshore Solar can be Cornerstones of a Larger, Integrated Energy System
Offshore Wind is a Winter-Peaking Resource
44009 (5 m) 44014 (5 m) CHLV2 (43.3 m) FRF (20.4 m) CBBT (13 m)
Station ID (anemometer height)
Offshore Wind Turbines are Commercially Available Now
Left photo is of Vestas 3 MW turbines with 90-m rotor diameter and 70-m hub height on steel monopile foundations at Thanet 300 MW project off southeastern England. Right photo is of Siemens 2.3 MW turbines with 83-m rotor diameter and 69-m hub height on concrete gravity base foundations at 166 MW Nysted project off Denmark.
Onshore Solar is a Summer-Peaking Resource
Note wind speed profiles are seasonally complementary
Building-Integrated Photovoltaic Roofing Tiles are Commercially Available Now
Hourly Output Profile of One 5 MW Offshore Wind Turbine in Summer RE 5.0M Output Power 1200000
Output Power (W)
1000000
REPower 5 MW turbine has 126 m rotor diameter, requiring 945 m spacing between towers within project, occupying 0.893 km2 (221 acres) of offshore ocean area per turbine
800000 June July August
600000
400000
200000
0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 Hour of Day
Hourly Output Profile of Ten 500 kW Photovoltaic Roofs in Summer Solar Power Output 3000000
5 MW of PV panels would occupy 625,000 ft2 (14.3 acres) of roof area
Output Power (W)
2500000
2000000 June July August
1500000
1000000
500000
0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 Hour of Day
Hourly Output Profile of Combined Offshore Wind Turbine and PV Roofs in Summer Combined Wind a Solar Power Output Curves 7000000.0 6000000.0
Output Power (W)
5000000.0 4000000.0
June July August
3000000.0 2000000.0 1000000.0
Valleys can be filled by microturbine-generators fueled by algal biogas
0.0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 Hour of Day
Algal Biogas for Electric Power in the Future
Replicating the same process for combined heat and power
Anaerobic digestion of seaweed naturally produces methane
Candidate Seaweed Species Native to the Mid-Atlantic Coastal Region
Ulva Gracilaria
• Along Mid-Atlantic and Southeastern beaches Gracilaria and Ulva can wash ashore and pile up in windrows where natural decomposition produces methane and hydrogen sulfide • Ulva expected to yield 214,400 ft3 of methane per acre of pond area per year • Gracilaria expected to yield 514,500 ft3 of methane per acre of pond area per year
Tokyo Gas 10 kW Demonstration Project
Ulva harvest Digester
Ulva slurry After two weeks in anaerobic digester, one dry ton of Ulva yields 600 cubic feet of biogas (60% CH4 and 40% CO2), which supplies a 9.8 kW micro-turbine generator
Thank You!
Any questions? Email: [email protected]
