Solid Waste Management in NC Carolina Recycling Association ...
Solid Waste Management in NC Carolina Recycling Association March 27 2008 Ellen Lorscheider, Programs Manager Solid Waste Section Division of Waste Management Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Solid Waste in North Carolina The Future: We have a lot of Waste to Manage
Division of Waste Management
Fiscal Year 20 06 -0 7
20 05 -0 6
20 04 -0 5
20 03 -0 4
20 02 -0 3
20 01 -0 2
20 00 -0 1
19 99 -0 0
19 99 -0 0
19 98 -9 9
19 97 -9 8
19 96 -9 7
19 96 -9 7
19 95 -9 6
19 94 -9 5
19 93 -9 4
19 92 -9 3
19 91 -9 2
19 91 -9 2
19 90 -9 1
Tons
Tons of Solid Waste Disposed of by North Carolina
Division of Waste Management
12,000,000
10,000,000
8,000,000
6,000,000
4,000,000
2,000,000
0
Fiscal Year 20 06 -0 7
20 05 -0 6
20 04 -0 5
20 03 -0 4
20 02 -0 3
20 01 -0 2
20 00 -0 1
19 99 -0 0
19 99 -0 0
19 98 -9 9
19 97 -9 8
19 96 -9 7
19 96 -9 7
19 95 -9 6
19 94 -9 5
19 93 -9 4
19 92 -9 3
19 91 -9 2
19 91 -9 2
19 90 -9 1
Tons/Person
NC Per Capita Waste Disposal
Division of Waste Management
1.60
1.40
1.20
1.00
0.80
0.60
0.40
0.20
0.00
Division of Waste Management
North Carolina Solid Waste Disposal 20-Year Forecast 20,000,000
18,505,113
ACTUAL
FORECAST
18,000,000
15,161,986
16,000,000
T O NS D IS P O S E D
11,865,829
12,000,000
11,627,459 10,000,000
10,243,586 7,161,455 8,000,000
6,000,000
8,860,341
6,632,448 P O P ULAT IO N
4,000,000
2,000,000
2027
2026
2025
2024
2023
2022
2021
2020
2019
2018
2017
2016
2015
2014
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009
2008
2007
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
1996
1995
1994
1993
1992
0 1991
Population / Tons Disposed
14,000,000
Municipal Solid Waste Landfill
Division of Waste Management
Division of Waste Management
Division of Waste Management
State-wide Municipal Solid Waste Landfills (MSWLF) FY 2006-2007 MSW Disposed (tons)
Volume (yd3) Remaining Volume
Average 7,504,023.01 Used 120,867,902.3
40 40 MSW MSW Landfills Landfills currently currently operating operating Average Average facility facility size: size: 310.8 310.8 acres acres Average Average waste waste footprint: footprint: 76.5 76.5 acres acres Average Average compaction compaction density: density: 0.60 0.60 tons/cy tons/cy Average years in operation: 11.1 years Average years in operation: 11.1 years
FY2006-2007 Total 8,041,765.83 83,294,655.46 Constructed 149,872,127
Overall 385,942,182
29,004,224.7
265,074,279.7
Remaining Capacity Tons of Waste
17,279,574.66 157,920,815.11
Years (average)
2.30
21.04
Years (FY06-07)
2.15
19.64
Division of Waste Management
Division of Waste Management
C&D landfills
Division of Waste Management
Construction & Demolition Landfills in North Carolina 1990 and 2005
1990
2005
Division of Waste Management
Construction a nd De m olition W a ste Disposa l in North Ca rolina FY 2000-2001 to FY 2005-2006
In cr e as e o f 66% s in ce 2000
3,000,000
2,000,000
1,000,000
0 Total C&D
FY 2000-2001
FY 2001-2002
FY 2002-2003
FY 2003-2004
FY 2004-2005
FY 2005-2006
1,627,600
1,906,084
1,844,409
2,020,529
2,436,442
2,707,592
Division of Waste Management
Division of Waste Management
Division of Waste Management
TRANSFER STATIONS
Division of Waste Management
Division of Waste Management
Division of Waste Management
Division of Waste Management
Division of Waste Management
90 80 70 60 50
SU B "D " EFFEC T IVE 10/9/93
78 79 79 75 71
66 66 66 43 41 37
Division of Waste Management
6 -0
5
Fiscal Ye ar
05
04
-0
4
03
-0
3 -0
2
02
01
-0
1 -0
0
00
99
-0
9
98
-9
8 -9
7
97
96
-9
6 -9
5
M ANDATED DEADLINE 1/1/98
95
-9
-9
4
94
92
-9
2
91
-9
1 -9
3
8
5
18
12
93
40 30 20 10 0
90
N u m b e r o f T ra n s fe r S t a t io n s
A ctive T ran sfer Station s 85
Transfer Stations Annual Tons Received at Facilities 5,000,000 4,500,000 4,000,000 3,500,000 3,000,000 2,500,000 2,000,000 1,500,000 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Year Division of Waste Management
Division of Waste Management
Tons Disposed FY 2006-2007 Counties in Groups of Ten 11% of waste 50% of counties
1% 1% 2%
3% 4% 6%
1st 10 8%
10%
16% of waste 10% of counties
Gaston Iredell Catawba Onslow Johnston Brunswick Pitt Alamance Rowan Cleveland
Mecklenburg Wake Guilford Forsyth Cumberland Cabarrus New Hanover Buncombe Durham Union
2nd 10 3rd 10 49% of waste 10% of counties
4th 10 5th 10 6th 10 7th 10 8th 10 9th 10 10th 10
Division of Waste Management
TYRRELL JONES CAM DEN CLAY GATES GREENE CASWELL HYDE GRAHAM SWAIN ALLEGHANY WARREN STOKES WASHINGTON PAM LICO PERQUIM ANS YANCEY NORTHAM PTON M ADISON CHOWAN M ITCHELL YADKIN CHEROKEE AVERY BERTIE ASHE POLK ANSON ALEXANDER M ARTIN HOKE CURRITUCK M ONTGOM ERY SCOTLAND TRANSYLVANIA BLADEN M ACON PERSON PASQUOTANK FRANKLIN DAVIE PENDER M CDOWELL CHATHAM JACKSON COLUM BUS HERTFORD DUPLIN VANCE SAM PSON HALIFAX WILKES EDGECOM BE WATAUGA BEAUFORT LEE RICHM OND GRANVILLE HAYWOOD STANLY RUTHERFORD ORANGE BURKE HARNETT LINCOLN SURRY CALDWELL LENOIR ROCKINGHAM CRAVEN M OORE NASH DARE RANDOLPH CARTERET WAYNE HENDERSON ROBESON DAVIDSON WILSON CLEVELAND ROWAN ALAM ANCE PITT BRUNSWICK JOHNSTON ONSLOW CATAWBA IREDELL GASTON UNION
0.00
200,000.00
DURHAM BUNCOM BE NEW HANOVER CABARRUS
400,000.00
CUM BERLAND FORSYTH
600,000.00
GUILFORD
800,000.00
WAKE
1,000,000.00
FY06-07 Tons Disposed
M ECKLENBURG
1,200,000.00
1,400,000.00
Division of Waste Management
1,600,000.00
Division of Waste Management
Division of Waste Management
Division of Waste Management
Division of Waste Management
Division of Waste Management
Division of Waste Management
Division of Waste Management
Division of Waste Management
Division of Waste Management
Division of Waste Management
Division of Waste Management
Imports / Exports 1,400,000
1,200,000
1,000,000
Tons
800,000
600,000
400,000
200,000
0
FY 1997-1998 FY 1998-1999 FY 1999-2000 FY 2000-2001 FY 2001-2002 FY 2002-2003 FY 2003-2004 FY 2004-2005 FY 2005-2006 FY 2006-2007
Imports
87,393
74,185
41,840
21,614
117,981
144,116
108,803
119,202
137,307
129,906
Exports
629,415
1,166,875
1,106,897
900,743
882,247
971,286
1,048,111
1,161,926
1,234,307
1,329,202
Fiscal Year
Division of Waste Management
Solid Waste in North Carolina The Future:
Solid Waste Management Act of 2007 eff. 8-1-2007
Division of Waste Management
Permit Denial 1. 2. 3.
4.
5.
Inconsistent with or in violation of rules Violation of water quality standards Damage to ecological systems, natural resources, cultural sites, recreation areas, historic sites Limit or threaten access to public trust waters or public lands Facility in natural hazard area Division of Waste Management
Permit Denial 6.
7.
8.
9.
Practical alternative exists with less adverse impacts on public resources Cumulative effects of facility and other facilities in area would violate criteria 2 through 5 Construction and operation inconsistent with State solid waste policy, goals and plan Adverse impact to minority or low-income communities (Title VI of the Federal Civil Rights Act of 1964) Division of Waste Management
Municipal Solid Waste Landfill
Division of Waste Management
Design - Next Generation Landfills
Liners and leachate collection at C&D landfills Dual containment of (outside) leachate pipes Annual cleaning and inspections of leachate collection Leak and damage testing for newly constructed liners Pipe penetration through liners is restricted Waste screening programs must address locally and state prohibited items Environmental Impact Studies for new landfills required Traffic studies and mitigation of adverse impacts Division of Waste Management
Location Restrictions – Next Generation Landfills
5 mile to National Wildlife Refuge 1 mile to State (Wildlife Resources Commission) Gameland 2 miles to State Park 4 feet vertical separation to groundwater and bedrock 200 feet to streams and wetlands Within areas reclaimed from 100-year floodplains and wetlands Division of Waste Management
Oversight, Review, and Procedural Matters
Financial Responsibility required of facilities Environmental compliance reviews expand The “Owner or Operator” definition incorporates “business entity” Enforcement Penalties increase Notification to DENR of significant changes of the business entity required Local governments exempt from environmental impact statement requirements removed Landfill Liaison authorized Transfer of solid waste permits prohibited Financial Assurance minimum of $3,000,000 for potential assessment and corrective actions (eff. 7-1-2009) Division of Waste Management
Landfill Gas Projects in NC
Division of Waste Management
Future Rules
Landfill gases Bioreactor landfills Bird and wildlife management plans Environmental impact minimization
Division of Waste Management
Compliance
Facility Type Municipal Solid Waste landfills (MSWLF) Construction and Demolition landfills (CDLF) Industrial landfills (INDUS) Treatment and Processing facilities (TP) Mixed Waste Processors (MWP) Household Hazardous Waste facilities (HHW) Incinerators (INCIN) Tire Monofill landfills (TIRELF) Tire collection /processing facilities (TIRETP) Medical Waste facilities Composting facilities (COMP) Transfer facilities (TRANS) Land Clearing and Inert Debris Landfills (LCID) Land Clearing and Inert Debris Notified sites PrePre-Regulatory Demolition landfills (DEMO)
# Facilities Inspections 177 2 86 2 37 2 28 2 19 2 15 2 8 2 4 2 11 1 5 2 52 1 104 2 152 1 731 0 158 0 ___ Total
1587
354 172 74 56 38 30 16 8 11 0 52 208 152 0 0 ___ 1171
Division of Waste Management
Division of Waste Management
Fees and Taxes
Permitting Fees for applications Annual Fees at permitted facilities (8-1-2008) Solid Waste Disposal Tax of $2.00 per ton at Landfills and Transfer Stations going Out-ofState (eff. 7-1-2008) 50% to Inactive Haz Site Cleanup Fund 18.75% Cities per capita basis 18.75% Counties per capita basis 12% to the Solid Waste Mgmt Trust Fund
Division of Waste Management
Discarded Computer Equipment Management (1-1-2009)
Manufacturer Registration and $10,000 fee (future annual fees are $1000) All computer equipment must be labeled Manufacturer’s Plans due to NCDENR NCDENR maintains list of computer manufacturers NCDENR provides recycling education to public NCDENR provides enforcement of law Division of Waste Management
Discarded Computer Equipment Management
State agencies buying prohibitions in place
(7-1-09)
Manufacturer plans effective (10-1-2009) Collectors ensure proper storage (1-1-2010) Manufacturer’s Annual Report (2-1-2011) NCDENR Annual Report (4-1-2011) Disposal Prohibited in Landfills or Incinerators (1-1-2012) Division of Waste Management
Ellen Lorscheider Solid Waste Section Division of Waste Management Department of Environment and Natural Resources 919.508.8499 [email protected]
www.wastenotnc.org
Solid Waste in North Carolina The Future: We have a lot of Waste to Manage
Division of Waste Management
Fiscal Year 20 06 -0 7
20 05 -0 6
20 04 -0 5
20 03 -0 4
20 02 -0 3
20 01 -0 2
20 00 -0 1
19 99 -0 0
19 99 -0 0
19 98 -9 9
19 97 -9 8
19 96 -9 7
19 96 -9 7
19 95 -9 6
19 94 -9 5
19 93 -9 4
19 92 -9 3
19 91 -9 2
19 91 -9 2
19 90 -9 1
Tons
Tons of Solid Waste Disposed of by North Carolina
Division of Waste Management
12,000,000
10,000,000
8,000,000
6,000,000
4,000,000
2,000,000
0
Fiscal Year 20 06 -0 7
20 05 -0 6
20 04 -0 5
20 03 -0 4
20 02 -0 3
20 01 -0 2
20 00 -0 1
19 99 -0 0
19 99 -0 0
19 98 -9 9
19 97 -9 8
19 96 -9 7
19 96 -9 7
19 95 -9 6
19 94 -9 5
19 93 -9 4
19 92 -9 3
19 91 -9 2
19 91 -9 2
19 90 -9 1
Tons/Person
NC Per Capita Waste Disposal
Division of Waste Management
1.60
1.40
1.20
1.00
0.80
0.60
0.40
0.20
0.00
Division of Waste Management
North Carolina Solid Waste Disposal 20-Year Forecast 20,000,000
18,505,113
ACTUAL
FORECAST
18,000,000
15,161,986
16,000,000
T O NS D IS P O S E D
11,865,829
12,000,000
11,627,459 10,000,000
10,243,586 7,161,455 8,000,000
6,000,000
8,860,341
6,632,448 P O P ULAT IO N
4,000,000
2,000,000
2027
2026
2025
2024
2023
2022
2021
2020
2019
2018
2017
2016
2015
2014
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009
2008
2007
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
1996
1995
1994
1993
1992
0 1991
Population / Tons Disposed
14,000,000
Municipal Solid Waste Landfill
Division of Waste Management
Division of Waste Management
Division of Waste Management
State-wide Municipal Solid Waste Landfills (MSWLF) FY 2006-2007 MSW Disposed (tons)
Volume (yd3) Remaining Volume
Average 7,504,023.01 Used 120,867,902.3
40 40 MSW MSW Landfills Landfills currently currently operating operating Average Average facility facility size: size: 310.8 310.8 acres acres Average Average waste waste footprint: footprint: 76.5 76.5 acres acres Average Average compaction compaction density: density: 0.60 0.60 tons/cy tons/cy Average years in operation: 11.1 years Average years in operation: 11.1 years
FY2006-2007 Total 8,041,765.83 83,294,655.46 Constructed 149,872,127
Overall 385,942,182
29,004,224.7
265,074,279.7
Remaining Capacity Tons of Waste
17,279,574.66 157,920,815.11
Years (average)
2.30
21.04
Years (FY06-07)
2.15
19.64
Division of Waste Management
Division of Waste Management
C&D landfills
Division of Waste Management
Construction & Demolition Landfills in North Carolina 1990 and 2005
1990
2005
Division of Waste Management
Construction a nd De m olition W a ste Disposa l in North Ca rolina FY 2000-2001 to FY 2005-2006
In cr e as e o f 66% s in ce 2000
3,000,000
2,000,000
1,000,000
0 Total C&D
FY 2000-2001
FY 2001-2002
FY 2002-2003
FY 2003-2004
FY 2004-2005
FY 2005-2006
1,627,600
1,906,084
1,844,409
2,020,529
2,436,442
2,707,592
Division of Waste Management
Division of Waste Management
Division of Waste Management
TRANSFER STATIONS
Division of Waste Management
Division of Waste Management
Division of Waste Management
Division of Waste Management
Division of Waste Management
90 80 70 60 50
SU B "D " EFFEC T IVE 10/9/93
78 79 79 75 71
66 66 66 43 41 37
Division of Waste Management
6 -0
5
Fiscal Ye ar
05
04
-0
4
03
-0
3 -0
2
02
01
-0
1 -0
0
00
99
-0
9
98
-9
8 -9
7
97
96
-9
6 -9
5
M ANDATED DEADLINE 1/1/98
95
-9
-9
4
94
92
-9
2
91
-9
1 -9
3
8
5
18
12
93
40 30 20 10 0
90
N u m b e r o f T ra n s fe r S t a t io n s
A ctive T ran sfer Station s 85
Transfer Stations Annual Tons Received at Facilities 5,000,000 4,500,000 4,000,000 3,500,000 3,000,000 2,500,000 2,000,000 1,500,000 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Year Division of Waste Management
Division of Waste Management
Tons Disposed FY 2006-2007 Counties in Groups of Ten 11% of waste 50% of counties
1% 1% 2%
3% 4% 6%
1st 10 8%
10%
16% of waste 10% of counties
Gaston Iredell Catawba Onslow Johnston Brunswick Pitt Alamance Rowan Cleveland
Mecklenburg Wake Guilford Forsyth Cumberland Cabarrus New Hanover Buncombe Durham Union
2nd 10 3rd 10 49% of waste 10% of counties
4th 10 5th 10 6th 10 7th 10 8th 10 9th 10 10th 10
Division of Waste Management
TYRRELL JONES CAM DEN CLAY GATES GREENE CASWELL HYDE GRAHAM SWAIN ALLEGHANY WARREN STOKES WASHINGTON PAM LICO PERQUIM ANS YANCEY NORTHAM PTON M ADISON CHOWAN M ITCHELL YADKIN CHEROKEE AVERY BERTIE ASHE POLK ANSON ALEXANDER M ARTIN HOKE CURRITUCK M ONTGOM ERY SCOTLAND TRANSYLVANIA BLADEN M ACON PERSON PASQUOTANK FRANKLIN DAVIE PENDER M CDOWELL CHATHAM JACKSON COLUM BUS HERTFORD DUPLIN VANCE SAM PSON HALIFAX WILKES EDGECOM BE WATAUGA BEAUFORT LEE RICHM OND GRANVILLE HAYWOOD STANLY RUTHERFORD ORANGE BURKE HARNETT LINCOLN SURRY CALDWELL LENOIR ROCKINGHAM CRAVEN M OORE NASH DARE RANDOLPH CARTERET WAYNE HENDERSON ROBESON DAVIDSON WILSON CLEVELAND ROWAN ALAM ANCE PITT BRUNSWICK JOHNSTON ONSLOW CATAWBA IREDELL GASTON UNION
0.00
200,000.00
DURHAM BUNCOM BE NEW HANOVER CABARRUS
400,000.00
CUM BERLAND FORSYTH
600,000.00
GUILFORD
800,000.00
WAKE
1,000,000.00
FY06-07 Tons Disposed
M ECKLENBURG
1,200,000.00
1,400,000.00
Division of Waste Management
1,600,000.00
Division of Waste Management
Division of Waste Management
Division of Waste Management
Division of Waste Management
Division of Waste Management
Division of Waste Management
Division of Waste Management
Division of Waste Management
Division of Waste Management
Division of Waste Management
Division of Waste Management
Imports / Exports 1,400,000
1,200,000
1,000,000
Tons
800,000
600,000
400,000
200,000
0
FY 1997-1998 FY 1998-1999 FY 1999-2000 FY 2000-2001 FY 2001-2002 FY 2002-2003 FY 2003-2004 FY 2004-2005 FY 2005-2006 FY 2006-2007
Imports
87,393
74,185
41,840
21,614
117,981
144,116
108,803
119,202
137,307
129,906
Exports
629,415
1,166,875
1,106,897
900,743
882,247
971,286
1,048,111
1,161,926
1,234,307
1,329,202
Fiscal Year
Division of Waste Management
Solid Waste in North Carolina The Future:
Solid Waste Management Act of 2007 eff. 8-1-2007
Division of Waste Management
Permit Denial 1. 2. 3.
4.
5.
Inconsistent with or in violation of rules Violation of water quality standards Damage to ecological systems, natural resources, cultural sites, recreation areas, historic sites Limit or threaten access to public trust waters or public lands Facility in natural hazard area Division of Waste Management
Permit Denial 6.
7.
8.
9.
Practical alternative exists with less adverse impacts on public resources Cumulative effects of facility and other facilities in area would violate criteria 2 through 5 Construction and operation inconsistent with State solid waste policy, goals and plan Adverse impact to minority or low-income communities (Title VI of the Federal Civil Rights Act of 1964) Division of Waste Management
Municipal Solid Waste Landfill
Division of Waste Management
Design - Next Generation Landfills
Liners and leachate collection at C&D landfills Dual containment of (outside) leachate pipes Annual cleaning and inspections of leachate collection Leak and damage testing for newly constructed liners Pipe penetration through liners is restricted Waste screening programs must address locally and state prohibited items Environmental Impact Studies for new landfills required Traffic studies and mitigation of adverse impacts Division of Waste Management
Location Restrictions – Next Generation Landfills
5 mile to National Wildlife Refuge 1 mile to State (Wildlife Resources Commission) Gameland 2 miles to State Park 4 feet vertical separation to groundwater and bedrock 200 feet to streams and wetlands Within areas reclaimed from 100-year floodplains and wetlands Division of Waste Management
Oversight, Review, and Procedural Matters
Financial Responsibility required of facilities Environmental compliance reviews expand The “Owner or Operator” definition incorporates “business entity” Enforcement Penalties increase Notification to DENR of significant changes of the business entity required Local governments exempt from environmental impact statement requirements removed Landfill Liaison authorized Transfer of solid waste permits prohibited Financial Assurance minimum of $3,000,000 for potential assessment and corrective actions (eff. 7-1-2009) Division of Waste Management
Landfill Gas Projects in NC
Division of Waste Management
Future Rules
Landfill gases Bioreactor landfills Bird and wildlife management plans Environmental impact minimization
Division of Waste Management
Compliance
Facility Type Municipal Solid Waste landfills (MSWLF) Construction and Demolition landfills (CDLF) Industrial landfills (INDUS) Treatment and Processing facilities (TP) Mixed Waste Processors (MWP) Household Hazardous Waste facilities (HHW) Incinerators (INCIN) Tire Monofill landfills (TIRELF) Tire collection /processing facilities (TIRETP) Medical Waste facilities Composting facilities (COMP) Transfer facilities (TRANS) Land Clearing and Inert Debris Landfills (LCID) Land Clearing and Inert Debris Notified sites PrePre-Regulatory Demolition landfills (DEMO)
# Facilities Inspections 177 2 86 2 37 2 28 2 19 2 15 2 8 2 4 2 11 1 5 2 52 1 104 2 152 1 731 0 158 0 ___ Total
1587
354 172 74 56 38 30 16 8 11 0 52 208 152 0 0 ___ 1171
Division of Waste Management
Division of Waste Management
Fees and Taxes
Permitting Fees for applications Annual Fees at permitted facilities (8-1-2008) Solid Waste Disposal Tax of $2.00 per ton at Landfills and Transfer Stations going Out-ofState (eff. 7-1-2008) 50% to Inactive Haz Site Cleanup Fund 18.75% Cities per capita basis 18.75% Counties per capita basis 12% to the Solid Waste Mgmt Trust Fund
Division of Waste Management
Discarded Computer Equipment Management (1-1-2009)
Manufacturer Registration and $10,000 fee (future annual fees are $1000) All computer equipment must be labeled Manufacturer’s Plans due to NCDENR NCDENR maintains list of computer manufacturers NCDENR provides recycling education to public NCDENR provides enforcement of law Division of Waste Management
Discarded Computer Equipment Management
State agencies buying prohibitions in place
(7-1-09)
Manufacturer plans effective (10-1-2009) Collectors ensure proper storage (1-1-2010) Manufacturer’s Annual Report (2-1-2011) NCDENR Annual Report (4-1-2011) Disposal Prohibited in Landfills or Incinerators (1-1-2012) Division of Waste Management
Ellen Lorscheider Solid Waste Section Division of Waste Management Department of Environment and Natural Resources 919.508.8499 [email protected]
www.wastenotnc.org
