National Standard 1 Guidelines Summary of 2016 Revisions NEFMC SSC meeting January 17, 2017
Outline 1. Background 2. Basis for Revising NS1 Guidelines 3. Objectives 4. Features 5. Summary
National Standard 1 (NS1) • National Standard 1 is a critical component to the MSA’s success • Requires that U.S. fisheries management: A. Prevent overfishing B. Achieve optimum yield • NS1 guidelines provide guidance on how to achieve requirements (A) and (B) U.S. Department of Commerce | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | NOAA Fisheries | Page 3
Basis for Action • 2007 MSA Reauthorization • Introduced annual catch limits (ACLs) and accountability measures (AMs) requirements
• ACLs and AMs transformed federal fisheries
U.S. Department of Commerce | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | NOAA Fisheries | Page 5
2016 Revisions to the NS1 Guidelines Objectives: 1. Improve & streamline guidelines 2. Address experience gained during implementation of ACLs & AMs 3. Provide flexibility to address management issues within current statutory limits Do not require Councils to revise their current FMPs U.S. Department of Commerce | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | NOAA Fisheries | Page 6
Features of NS1 Final Rule 1. Increasing stability to fisheries 2. Increasing flexibility in rebuilding plans 3. Determining adequate progress in rebuilding 4. Determining which stocks require federal management 5. Clarifying OY & advancing ecosystem-based fisheries management (EBFM) U.S. Department of Commerce | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | NOAA Fisheries | Page 7
Increasing stability to fisheries
A. Phasing-in changes to catch levels B. Carrying over unused quota into the next year C. Multi-year overfishing status determinations
U.S. Department of Commerce | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | NOAA Fisheries | Page 8
Phasing-in changes to catch levels Must prevent overfishing each year 800 700 600
Catch
500 400 OFL OFL
300 200
ABC ABC (75%OFL)
100
ABC (1/3 Phase-in) phase-in ABC
0
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
U.S. Department of Commerce | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | NOAA Fisheries | Page 9
Increasing stability to fisheries
A. Phasing-in changes to catch levels B. Carrying over unused quota into the next year C. Multi-year overfishing status determinations
U.S. Department of Commerce | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | NOAA Fisheries | Page 10
Carry-Over Approach #1: Utilizing ACL buffer
U.S. Department of Commerce | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | NOAA Fisheries | Page 11
Carry-Over Approach #2: ABC Control Rule
Consider the stock’s condition & the reason for the underage prior to carryingover U.S. Department of Commerce | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | NOAA Fisheries | Page 12
Increasing stability to fisheries
A. Phasing-in changes to catch levels B. Carrying over unused quota into the next year C. Multi-year overfishing status determinations
U.S. Department of Commerce | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | NOAA Fisheries | Page 13
Multi-year overfishing status determinations • Agency reports on stock status annually • Last year of data is often the most uncertain 2.5
F / MFMT ratio
2 1.5 1 0.5 0 2002
Overfishing 2003
2004
2005
2006
2007 Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
limit
U.S. Department of Commerce | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | NOAA Fisheries | Page 14
Multi-year overfishing status determinations • When data is uncertain, overfishing status determinations may be based on a 3 year average • Increases reporting consistency 2.5
F / MFMT ratio
2 1.5 1 0.5 0 2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Overfishing limit F2010-2012/FMSY
U.S. Department of Commerce | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | NOAA Fisheries | Page 15
Multi-year overfishing status determinations • Provision does not allow: setting future annual catch limits at levels that do not prevent overfishing 800
Catch
600
400 Catch
200
0 2008
Overfishing Limit Future catch limit 2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
U.S. Department of Commerce | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | NOAA Fisheries | Page 16
Features of NS1 Final Rule 1. Increasing stability to fisheries 2. Increasing flexibility in rebuilding plans 3. Determining adequate progress in rebuilding 4. Determining which stocks require federal management 5. Clarifying OY & advancing EBFM U.S. Department of Commerce | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | NOAA Fisheries | Page 17
Increasing flexibility in rebuilding plans Calculating Tmax for stocks that require >10 years to rebuild 2009 Guidelines provided 1 method: 1) Tmin + generation time 2016 Guidelines provides 3 methods: 1) Tmin + generation time 2) Tmin*2 3) Time needed to rebuild to BMSY when fished at 75% of MFMT U.S. Department of Commerce | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | NOAA Fisheries | Page 18
U.S. Department of Commerce | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | NOAA Fisheries | Page 19
Features of NS1 Final Rule 1. Increasing stability to fisheries 2. Increasing flexibility in rebuilding plans 3. Determining adequate progress in rebuilding 4. Determining which stocks require federal management 5. Clarifying OY & advancing ecosystem-based fisheries management (EBFM) U.S. Department of Commerce | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | NOAA Fisheries | Page 20
Determining adequate progress in rebuilding Adequate progress is not being made if: 1. F > Frebuild or catch > ACL, and AMs are not effective, or 2. New and unexpected information significantly changes rebuilding expectations
U.S. Department of Commerce | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | NOAA Fisheries | Page 21
Features of NS1 Final Rule 1. Increasing stability to fisheries 2. Increasing flexibility in rebuilding plans 3. Determining adequate progress in rebuilding 4. Determining which stocks require federal management 5. Clarifying OY & advancing EBFM U.S. Department of Commerce | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | NOAA Fisheries | Page 22
Determining which stocks require federal management
U.S. Department of Commerce | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | NOAA Fisheries | Page 23
Determining which stocks require federal management 10 Factors To Consider: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
The stock is an important component of the marine environment. The stock is caught by the fishery. Whether an FMP can improve or maintain the condition of the stock. The stock is a target of a fishery. The stock is important to commercial, recreational, or subsistence users. The fishery is important to the Nation or to the regional economy. The need to resolve competing interests and conflicts among user groups and whether an FMP can further that resolution. 8. The economic condition of a fishery and whether an FMP can produce more efficient utilization. 9. The needs of a developing fishery, and whether an FMP can foster orderly growth. 10. The extent to which the fishery is already adequately managed by states, by state/Federal programs, by Federal regulations pursuant to other FMPs or international commissions, or by industry self-regulation, consistent with the requirements of the Magnuson-Stevens Act and other applicable law. U.S. Department of Commerce | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | NOAA Fisheries | Page 24
Features of NS1 Final Rule 1. Increasing stability to fisheries 2. Increasing flexibility in rebuilding plans 3. Determining adequate progress in rebuilding 4. Determining which stocks require federal management 5. Clarifying OY & advancing EBFM U.S. Department of Commerce | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | NOAA Fisheries | Page 25
Clarifying OY • Relationship between OY and ACL • Qualitative analyses of economic, ecological, and social factors are permissible
U.S. Department of Commerce | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | NOAA Fisheries | Page 26
Advancing EBFM Example: Aggregate MSY Aggregate MSY for a Fishery
OY for a Fishery
Stock 1 ACL
Stock 4 ACL
Stock 2 ACL
Stock 5 ACL
Stock 6 ACL
Stock 3 ACL
Stock 7 ACL
U.S. Department of Commerce | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | NOAA Fisheries | Page 27
Stock Complexes Tool to manage a group of stocks. Typically used in data poor situations. Guidance on the composition of complexes. Where practicable: should include one of more indicator stocks with status determination criteria (SDC). • Otherwise: have SDC and ACL for the whole, or one of more indicators and ACL for the whole. • • • •
U.S. Department of Commerce | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | NOAA Fisheries | Page 28
The updated NS1 Guidelines: • Provide tools to increase stability and flexibility within fisheries management • Do not establish any new requirements to revise management plans
U.S. Department of Commerce | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | NOAA Fisheries | Page 29
Questions?
U.S. Department of Commerce | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | NOAA Fisheries | Page 30
U.S. Federal Fisheries Management Conservation success • 40 stocks rebuilt • Number of stocks that are not overfished/subject to overfishing are at historic lows
Economic success • Commercial & recreational industry generates $210+ billion • Supports 1.8 million jobs