Supporting information Copper Oxidation through Nucleation Sites of ...
Supporting information
Copper Oxidation through Nucleation Sites of Chemical Vapor Deposited Graphene Birong Luo†, Patrick R. Whelan†, Abhay Shivayogimath†, David M. A. Mackenzie†, Peter Bøggild†,§, and Timothy J. Booth*,† †DTU
Nanotech, Technical University of Denmark, Ørsteds Plads, 345B, Kgs. Lyngby, 2800 Denmark. §Center for Nanostructured Graphene (CNG), Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, 2800 Denmark *Corresponding Author E-mail: [email protected]
1 Supplementary SEM and EDX characterizations
Figure S1. (a) Large-area SEM image of graphene grains on Cu foil before and after (b) thermal oxidation in air at 250 ℃ for 20 min.
Figure S2. SEM image of graphene grains on Cu after thermal annealing in air and corresponding elemental analysis composition of different area located on nucleation site, graphene edge, and Cu surface.
Figure S3. (a) SEM image of Cu foil covered with graphene films after thermal annealing in air. (b) Elemental mapping of oxygen, carbon, and copper. (c) Elemental mapping of oxygen.
Figure S4. SEM image of an individual graphene grain on Cu foil, showing the nucleation occurred on particle.
2 Supplementary schematic side view of inferior nucleation and thermal oxidation
Figure S5. Schematic side view of inferior nucleation and the oxygen diffusion mechanism during the thermal oxidation process of Cu with graphene.
3 Supplementary optical, SEM, and AFM images of graphene grain on Cu foil exposed to air for a long duration.
Figure S6. (a) Optical image of graphene grains on Cu foil exposed to atmospheric environment at room temperature for 3 months. (b) SEM image of an individual graphene grain after exposure to atmospheric environment at room temperature for 3 months. (c) Magnified SEM image taken form the rectangle in (b). (d) AFM image of an individual graphene grain after exposure to atmospheric environment at room temperature for 3 months. (e) Magnified AFM image of the nucleation site of graphene grain in (a). (f) Magnified AFM image of the nucleation site of graphene grain in (e).
Copper Oxidation through Nucleation Sites of Chemical Vapor Deposited Graphene Birong Luo†, Patrick R. Whelan†, Abhay Shivayogimath†, David M. A. Mackenzie†, Peter Bøggild†,§, and Timothy J. Booth*,† †DTU
Nanotech, Technical University of Denmark, Ørsteds Plads, 345B, Kgs. Lyngby, 2800 Denmark. §Center for Nanostructured Graphene (CNG), Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, 2800 Denmark *Corresponding Author E-mail: [email protected]
1 Supplementary SEM and EDX characterizations
Figure S1. (a) Large-area SEM image of graphene grains on Cu foil before and after (b) thermal oxidation in air at 250 ℃ for 20 min.
Figure S2. SEM image of graphene grains on Cu after thermal annealing in air and corresponding elemental analysis composition of different area located on nucleation site, graphene edge, and Cu surface.
Figure S3. (a) SEM image of Cu foil covered with graphene films after thermal annealing in air. (b) Elemental mapping of oxygen, carbon, and copper. (c) Elemental mapping of oxygen.
Figure S4. SEM image of an individual graphene grain on Cu foil, showing the nucleation occurred on particle.
2 Supplementary schematic side view of inferior nucleation and thermal oxidation
Figure S5. Schematic side view of inferior nucleation and the oxygen diffusion mechanism during the thermal oxidation process of Cu with graphene.
3 Supplementary optical, SEM, and AFM images of graphene grain on Cu foil exposed to air for a long duration.
Figure S6. (a) Optical image of graphene grains on Cu foil exposed to atmospheric environment at room temperature for 3 months. (b) SEM image of an individual graphene grain after exposure to atmospheric environment at room temperature for 3 months. (c) Magnified SEM image taken form the rectangle in (b). (d) AFM image of an individual graphene grain after exposure to atmospheric environment at room temperature for 3 months. (e) Magnified AFM image of the nucleation site of graphene grain in (a). (f) Magnified AFM image of the nucleation site of graphene grain in (e).
