Supporting Information Potential tuning of nano-architectures based on phthalocyanine nanopillars: construction of effective photocurrent generation systems Takuya Kawaguchi, 1 Shota Okamura, 1 Takanari Togashi,1 Wataru Harada, 1 Mana Hirahara, 1 Ryosuke Miyake,2 Masa-aki Haga,3 Takao Ishida,4 Masato Kurihara1* and Katsuhiko Kanaizuka,1* Contents
1. Expanded electronic spectra and cyclic voltammograms of PNs 2. XPS spectra of an ITO/PNs substrate 3. UV-vis absorption spectra of ITO, ITO/PCBM, and ITO/PN/PCBM 4. Electrochemical and electronic spectrum measurements of PCBM 5. Photocurrent generation of a spin-coated hetero-layered film 6. Photocurrent generation behavior of ITO/120-min PNs/PCBM/Al cell
1
1. Expanded electronic spectra and cyclic voltammograms of PNs Expanded electronic spectra are shown in Figure S1a. Peaks based on the Q-bands are red-shifted indicating the decrease of energy gap between HOMO-LUMO. Expanded CVs are shown in Figure S1b. The start of oxidation wave is slightly shifted to negative position and wave is broadened. An image of potential tuning from these data is shown in Figure S1c.
Figure S1. Electronic spectra (a) and cyclic voltammograms in a solution at 0.1 V/s (b) of ITO/PNs (various immersion times), and an image of potential tuning(c).
2
2. XPS spectra of an ITO/PNs substrate In order to determine the fixation of compound on an electrode we have carried out elemental analysis of the film by using XPS.
Figure S2. XPS spectra of an ITO/PNs substrate
3
3. UV-vis absorption spectra of ITO, ITO/PCBM, and ITO/PN/PCBM, and AFM image of ITO/PN/PCBM UV-vis absorption spectrum of ITO substrate (air background) is shown in left of Figure S3 (blue). After the deposition of PCBM on ITO, absorption of 300-600 nm was appeared (red). In ITO/PN/PCBM, Q bands of PN were appeared around 700 nm (dark blue). AFM image of ITO/PN/PCBM is shown in right of Figure S3. Roughness of PN/PCBM can be compared with time dependent PN substrates in Figure X (same height scale).
Figure S3. UV-vis absorption spectra of ITO, ITO/PCBM, and ITO/PN/PCBM (left), and AFM image of ITO/PN/PCBM (right).
4
4. Electrochemical and electronic spectrum measurements of PCBM Cyclic voltammetry and electronic spectrum measurements were carried out for understanding potentials of PCBM.
Figure S4. Chemical structure (top), cyclic voltammogram (left), and electronic spectrum (right) of PCBM are shown.
5
5. Photocurrent generation of a spin-coated hetero-layered film In order to determine the effect of PN, photocurrent generation efficiencies are compared with a spin-coated film. The number of PCBM on ITO electrode is similar in both cases. From Figure S5, uneven structure is important to construct the effective photocurrent generation system.
Figure S5. Photocurrent generation efficiencies of (a) ITO/PN/PCBM (red) and (b) spin-coated ITO/1/PCBM (blue).
6
6. Photocurrent generation behavior of ITO/120-min PNs/PCBM/Al cell
Figure S6. Photocurrent generation behavior of ITO/15-min PNs/PCBM/Al cell.
7