The Universe infographic - kastatic.org
CHEMICAL ABUNDANCES
THE UNIVERSE 100%
75%
50%
25%
0%
ELEMENTS > 1%
PERCENTAGE OF ABUNDANCE
hydrogen helium oxygen
LOCATION ON THE PERIODIC TABLE
75% 23% 1%
ELEMENTS < 1%
HYDROGEN PROFILE
1
H
hydrogen 1.0079
13.7 billion years ago hydrogen was formed, along with helium, in the Big Bang and this lightest element still makes up 75% of the mass of the Universe. Hydrogen is extremely combustible and produces water when it burns. Its name derives from the Greek hydro, meaning water, and genos, indicating birth. In its basic form, an atom of hydrogen - the lightest of all the chemical elements - contains one proton and one electron and has an atomic weight of 1.00794.
ATOMIC WEIGHT
HYDROGEN COMPARED TO OTHER ELEMENTS H
He
C
O
Al
Fe
Ag
Au
U
carbon neon iron nitrogen
0.5 0.13 0.11 0.1
silicon magnesium sulfur argon
0.07 0.06 0.05 0.02
calcium nickel aluminum sodium chromium
0.007 0.006 0.005 0.002 0.0015
manganese phosphorus titanium potassium cobalt vanadium chlorine
8×10-4 7×10-4 3×10-4 3×10-4 3×10-4 1×10-4 1×10-4
fluorine zinc germanium
4×10-5 3×10-5 2×10-5
copper zirconium strontium krypton selenium scandium xenon rubidium neodymium lead gallium cerium barium
6×10-6 5×10-6 4×10-6 4×10-6 3×10-6 3×10-6 1×10-6 1×10-6 1×10-6 1×10-6 1×10-6 1×10-6 1×10-6
tellurium arsenic yttrium bromine lithium samarium platinum molybdenum tin ruthenium osmium ytterbium praseodymium palladium niobium lanthanum iridium gadolinium erbium dysprosium cadmium mercury iodine boron beryllium
9×10-7 8×10-7 7×10-7 7×10-7 6×10-7 5×10-7 5×10-7 5×10-7 4×10-7 4×10-7 3×10-7 2×10-7 2×10-7 2×10-7 2×10-7 2×10-7 2×10-7 2×10-7 2×10-7 2×10-7 2×10-7 1×10-7 1×10-7 1×10-7 1×10-7
cesium hafnium bismuth silver rhodium gold tungsten thallium terbium holmium europium thorium antimony indium uranium rhenium thulium lutetium
8×10-8 7×10-8 7×10-8 6×10-8 6×10-8 6×10-8 5×10-8 5×10-8 5×10-8 5×10-8 5×10-8 4×10-8 4×10-8 3×10-8 2×10-8 2×10-8 1×10-8 1×10-8
tantalum
8×10-9
ELEMENTS = 0% OR UNKNOWN
technetium promethium polonium astatine radon francium radium actinium protactinium neptunium plutonium americium
curium berkelium californium einsteinium fermium mendelevium nobelium lawrencium rutherfordium dubnium seaborgium bohrium
hassium meitnerium darmstadtium roentgenium copernicium ununtrium flerovium ununpentium livermorium ununseptium ununoctium
IMAGE CREDIT NASA, ESA, and the Hubble Heritage Team (STScI/AURA)-ESA/Hubble Collaboration DATA CREDIT © Wolfram Alpha, www.wolframalpha.com
THE UNIVERSE 100%
75%
50%
25%
0%
ELEMENTS > 1%
PERCENTAGE OF ABUNDANCE
hydrogen helium oxygen
LOCATION ON THE PERIODIC TABLE
75% 23% 1%
ELEMENTS < 1%
HYDROGEN PROFILE
1
H
hydrogen 1.0079
13.7 billion years ago hydrogen was formed, along with helium, in the Big Bang and this lightest element still makes up 75% of the mass of the Universe. Hydrogen is extremely combustible and produces water when it burns. Its name derives from the Greek hydro, meaning water, and genos, indicating birth. In its basic form, an atom of hydrogen - the lightest of all the chemical elements - contains one proton and one electron and has an atomic weight of 1.00794.
ATOMIC WEIGHT
HYDROGEN COMPARED TO OTHER ELEMENTS H
He
C
O
Al
Fe
Ag
Au
U
carbon neon iron nitrogen
0.5 0.13 0.11 0.1
silicon magnesium sulfur argon
0.07 0.06 0.05 0.02
calcium nickel aluminum sodium chromium
0.007 0.006 0.005 0.002 0.0015
manganese phosphorus titanium potassium cobalt vanadium chlorine
8×10-4 7×10-4 3×10-4 3×10-4 3×10-4 1×10-4 1×10-4
fluorine zinc germanium
4×10-5 3×10-5 2×10-5
copper zirconium strontium krypton selenium scandium xenon rubidium neodymium lead gallium cerium barium
6×10-6 5×10-6 4×10-6 4×10-6 3×10-6 3×10-6 1×10-6 1×10-6 1×10-6 1×10-6 1×10-6 1×10-6 1×10-6
tellurium arsenic yttrium bromine lithium samarium platinum molybdenum tin ruthenium osmium ytterbium praseodymium palladium niobium lanthanum iridium gadolinium erbium dysprosium cadmium mercury iodine boron beryllium
9×10-7 8×10-7 7×10-7 7×10-7 6×10-7 5×10-7 5×10-7 5×10-7 4×10-7 4×10-7 3×10-7 2×10-7 2×10-7 2×10-7 2×10-7 2×10-7 2×10-7 2×10-7 2×10-7 2×10-7 2×10-7 1×10-7 1×10-7 1×10-7 1×10-7
cesium hafnium bismuth silver rhodium gold tungsten thallium terbium holmium europium thorium antimony indium uranium rhenium thulium lutetium
8×10-8 7×10-8 7×10-8 6×10-8 6×10-8 6×10-8 5×10-8 5×10-8 5×10-8 5×10-8 5×10-8 4×10-8 4×10-8 3×10-8 2×10-8 2×10-8 1×10-8 1×10-8
tantalum
8×10-9
ELEMENTS = 0% OR UNKNOWN
technetium promethium polonium astatine radon francium radium actinium protactinium neptunium plutonium americium
curium berkelium californium einsteinium fermium mendelevium nobelium lawrencium rutherfordium dubnium seaborgium bohrium
hassium meitnerium darmstadtium roentgenium copernicium ununtrium flerovium ununpentium livermorium ununseptium ununoctium
IMAGE CREDIT NASA, ESA, and the Hubble Heritage Team (STScI/AURA)-ESA/Hubble Collaboration DATA CREDIT © Wolfram Alpha, www.wolframalpha.com
