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TRAPPING STUDIES IN MIAMI
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Abby Fox Bryce Donner Jess Van Dyke y Mary Young Cong Scott Weihman Trevor Smith
DESIGNING AN EFFECTIVE SNAIL TRAP • Attract and contain snails • Multiple sized snails • Draws snails • Trap environment also attractive • Urban environment • Low toxicity • Agreeable appearance • Eradication Program • Low maintenance • Cost effective
FIELD EXPERIMENT CHALLENGES •
•
•
Eradication Program • All snails seen collected • Bait treatments • Decreasing snail population Urban Experiments • Traps ‘inspected’ or removed • Access to preferred areas (paved front yards vs. backyard gardens) • Safety • Homeowner modifications ((removing gp plants,, burning) g) Learning Snail Biology • Behavior during dry season • Preferred locations
TRAPS TESTED • • • • • •
Box Salt Traps ‘Snail Buster’ Mat p ‘Bucket’ traps Banana trunk ‘Snailer’
LOCATIONS Heavily infested cores Areas with regular populations of snails Confirm presence of snails Relatively protected areas • Sunlight • Disturbance
BAITS • Ripe bananas • Agar g with papaya p p y and banana extracts • Banana stems • Snail Buster bait
BAIT CONCLUSIONS • Ripe banana • Snails attracted • Degraded/ maggot infested quickly (3-4 days) • Many disappeared with mammal foot prints in salt • Draw distance appears < 1 m • Diet with papaya and banana extract • Snails not attracted • Rapidly eaten by ants • Banana stem • Few snails collected but difficult to retain • Snail Buster •
Snails attracted
• Draw distance appears < 1 m better when exposed/near snails foraging path • Consistent (formulation, availbility) • Dries out • High maggot infestation < 4 days
BOX TRAPS • Doubled fruit fly tray or small plastic box with salt covered p • Baits: • •
Caged banana Agar with extracts
• Daily data collection (Oct 12-26) • # snails, non-targets g
Photo: MAGAP MAGAP, Ecuador
Total # Giant African Snails Trapped- Box Trap
100
# of GAS
75 50 25 0 Site 1
Site 2
Site 3
Site 4
Site 5
Core 10
Core 4
Average GAS Trapped/Day 8 Mean # GAS/Trap/Day
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1FFT 2FFT 3PB - 3FFT Palm
3PB
4FFT
4PB
5FFT
Trap Sites 1-5; FFT=Fruit Fly Tray; PB=Plastic Box
5PB
BOX TRAP CONCLUSIONS • Traps attracted/killed snails • Neonates-young N t adults d lt (5 (5-48.14 48 14 mm)) • 0- 86 snails/trap/14 d • Likely not large draw distance ( 4 days traps become nasty •
Various maggot exclusion techniques not effective (watery bait, fine mess around bait)
TRAPPING CONCLUSIONS •
Wide range in number of snails trapped (059/t 59/trapping i period) i d) • • •
Patchy location of snails Eradication program changing snail populations Trap environment • •
•
•
Too hot Saline
Snail access to trap
Wide range in % marked escaped (0-100% same trap type) • • • •
Trap environment Dirty (e.g. nasty) Crowded Lack of food Photo: Bryce Donner, USDA, Ag Ambassador
WHAT TRAP OR TRAP SYSTEM? •
Capitalize on efforts of Eradication Program • •
•
Frequent q visits to p properties p for regular g collection and servicing of traps Staff knowledge of snail ‘pockets’ and areas difficult to access
Recommended bucket traps and ‘snailer’ traps with ‘snail buster’ bait • • • • • •
Readily available No toxic chemicals Small/easy to conceal or move to new locations Snailer – easy access by snails Bucket- collected smaller sizes likely better if buried for access Salt based traps still needed system to keep water out
“HOT PROPERTY” TRAP TRIAL Core 10-Sept. 27, 2012 2 properties*
Core 2-Sept. 28, 2012 3 properties*
TRAP TOTALS‐ Core 10 Sept 27, 2012 ADULTS
JUVENILES
NEONATES
> 40 mm 21‐39 mm 0‐20 mm BUCKE T SNAILER BUCKE T SNAILER BUCKE T SNAILER TRAP TRAP TRAP TRAP TRAP TRAP 0 4 3 3 0 0
MECHANICAL CONTROL TOTALS ADULTS > 40 mm LIVE DEAD 0 0
JUVENILES 21‐39 mm LIVE DEAD 1 2
NEONATES 0‐20 mm LIVE DEAD 0 0
TRAP TOTALS ADULTS > 40 mm
JUVENILES 21‐39 mm
NEONATES 0‐20 mm
BUCKE T SNAILER BUCKE T SNAILER BUCKE T SNAILER TRAP TRAP TRAP TRAP TRAP TRAP 0 1 0 2 0 1
MECHANICAL CONTROL TOTALS ADULTS > 40 mm LIVE DEAD 10
0
JUVENILES 21‐39 mm LIVE DEAD 8
3
NEONATES 0‐20 mm LIVE DEAD 15
*Data from Mary Cong Daily Specimen Report
• Likely same issues seen in tests (trap environment, location, etc.) affected trap catches • Program found servicing effort cost not equal to return
8
FUTURE EFFORTS • Test barriers in quarantine est quest question o about avoidance a o da ce o of sa saline e so solutions ut o s in • Test quarantine • Develop better traps • Retain snails • Keep out rain • Easily accessible by snails • Develop better baits • Pheromones? • Maggot other pest resistant • Bait Stations?
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Abby Fox Bryce Donner Jess Van Dyke y Mary Young Cong Scott Weihman Trevor Smith
DESIGNING AN EFFECTIVE SNAIL TRAP • Attract and contain snails • Multiple sized snails • Draws snails • Trap environment also attractive • Urban environment • Low toxicity • Agreeable appearance • Eradication Program • Low maintenance • Cost effective
FIELD EXPERIMENT CHALLENGES •
•
•
Eradication Program • All snails seen collected • Bait treatments • Decreasing snail population Urban Experiments • Traps ‘inspected’ or removed • Access to preferred areas (paved front yards vs. backyard gardens) • Safety • Homeowner modifications ((removing gp plants,, burning) g) Learning Snail Biology • Behavior during dry season • Preferred locations
TRAPS TESTED • • • • • •
Box Salt Traps ‘Snail Buster’ Mat p ‘Bucket’ traps Banana trunk ‘Snailer’
LOCATIONS Heavily infested cores Areas with regular populations of snails Confirm presence of snails Relatively protected areas • Sunlight • Disturbance
BAITS • Ripe bananas • Agar g with papaya p p y and banana extracts • Banana stems • Snail Buster bait
BAIT CONCLUSIONS • Ripe banana • Snails attracted • Degraded/ maggot infested quickly (3-4 days) • Many disappeared with mammal foot prints in salt • Draw distance appears < 1 m • Diet with papaya and banana extract • Snails not attracted • Rapidly eaten by ants • Banana stem • Few snails collected but difficult to retain • Snail Buster •
Snails attracted
• Draw distance appears < 1 m better when exposed/near snails foraging path • Consistent (formulation, availbility) • Dries out • High maggot infestation < 4 days
BOX TRAPS • Doubled fruit fly tray or small plastic box with salt covered p • Baits: • •
Caged banana Agar with extracts
• Daily data collection (Oct 12-26) • # snails, non-targets g
Photo: MAGAP MAGAP, Ecuador
Total # Giant African Snails Trapped- Box Trap
100
# of GAS
75 50 25 0 Site 1
Site 2
Site 3
Site 4
Site 5
Core 10
Core 4
Average GAS Trapped/Day 8 Mean # GAS/Trap/Day
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1FFT 2FFT 3PB - 3FFT Palm
3PB
4FFT
4PB
5FFT
Trap Sites 1-5; FFT=Fruit Fly Tray; PB=Plastic Box
5PB
BOX TRAP CONCLUSIONS • Traps attracted/killed snails • Neonates-young N t adults d lt (5 (5-48.14 48 14 mm)) • 0- 86 snails/trap/14 d • Likely not large draw distance ( 4 days traps become nasty •
Various maggot exclusion techniques not effective (watery bait, fine mess around bait)
TRAPPING CONCLUSIONS •
Wide range in number of snails trapped (059/t 59/trapping i period) i d) • • •
Patchy location of snails Eradication program changing snail populations Trap environment • •
•
•
Too hot Saline
Snail access to trap
Wide range in % marked escaped (0-100% same trap type) • • • •
Trap environment Dirty (e.g. nasty) Crowded Lack of food Photo: Bryce Donner, USDA, Ag Ambassador
WHAT TRAP OR TRAP SYSTEM? •
Capitalize on efforts of Eradication Program • •
•
Frequent q visits to p properties p for regular g collection and servicing of traps Staff knowledge of snail ‘pockets’ and areas difficult to access
Recommended bucket traps and ‘snailer’ traps with ‘snail buster’ bait • • • • • •
Readily available No toxic chemicals Small/easy to conceal or move to new locations Snailer – easy access by snails Bucket- collected smaller sizes likely better if buried for access Salt based traps still needed system to keep water out
“HOT PROPERTY” TRAP TRIAL Core 10-Sept. 27, 2012 2 properties*
Core 2-Sept. 28, 2012 3 properties*
TRAP TOTALS‐ Core 10 Sept 27, 2012 ADULTS
JUVENILES
NEONATES
> 40 mm 21‐39 mm 0‐20 mm BUCKE T SNAILER BUCKE T SNAILER BUCKE T SNAILER TRAP TRAP TRAP TRAP TRAP TRAP 0 4 3 3 0 0
MECHANICAL CONTROL TOTALS ADULTS > 40 mm LIVE DEAD 0 0
JUVENILES 21‐39 mm LIVE DEAD 1 2
NEONATES 0‐20 mm LIVE DEAD 0 0
TRAP TOTALS ADULTS > 40 mm
JUVENILES 21‐39 mm
NEONATES 0‐20 mm
BUCKE T SNAILER BUCKE T SNAILER BUCKE T SNAILER TRAP TRAP TRAP TRAP TRAP TRAP 0 1 0 2 0 1
MECHANICAL CONTROL TOTALS ADULTS > 40 mm LIVE DEAD 10
0
JUVENILES 21‐39 mm LIVE DEAD 8
3
NEONATES 0‐20 mm LIVE DEAD 15
*Data from Mary Cong Daily Specimen Report
• Likely same issues seen in tests (trap environment, location, etc.) affected trap catches • Program found servicing effort cost not equal to return
8
FUTURE EFFORTS • Test barriers in quarantine est quest question o about avoidance a o da ce o of sa saline e so solutions ut o s in • Test quarantine • Develop better traps • Retain snails • Keep out rain • Easily accessible by snails • Develop better baits • Pheromones? • Maggot other pest resistant • Bait Stations?
