Use of Electronic Nose in Detection of Volatile Organic Compounds ...
Nanotechnology and Nanosensors – Prof. Hossam Haick
Use of Electronic Nose in Detection of Volatile Organic Compounds from Human Melanoma Cells By: Isabela Anton, Georgies Alene Asres, Ellaine Cabasan and Christeena Twal
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Table of Contents Table of Contents ……………………………………………………………………… Page 1 Biographies ………...…..………………………………………………………………. Page 2 Abstract, Introduction, Literature Review ……………...…………………………… Page 3 Project Description ……………………………………………………………..….. Page 3&4 Conclusion, Recommendation, and References ……………………………..……….. Page 5
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Use of Electronic Nose in Detection of Volatile Organic Compounds from Human Melanoma Cells
Students' short biography Ellaine Cabasan – Electronics and Communications Engineering Graduate from Asia Pacific College, 2010 Functional Consultant, Program and Project Management, Hewlett-Packard (2010 – Present)
Christeena Twal – High school student going into biomedical engineering for university and a dedicated learner.
Isabela Anton – Bachelor of analytical chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest, Romania (1992 -1997) Research Assistant, Physico-chemical Laboratory, Biology and animal nutrition Research Institute, Bucharest Romania, between 1998 -2000 Analytical Chemist and then Head of Chemical Laboratory, Department Quality Control at SC Biofarm SA Bucharest, between 2000 -2004 Quality Control Supervisor for raw materials and primary and secondary packaging materials, Quality Control, Sindan Pharma - Actavis Bucharest, between 2004 -2007 Quality Control Manager, Sindan Pharma - Actavis Bucharest, until 2007
2. Abstract In the present paper a simple, non-invasive and easy-to-use technologies based on nanosensors and nanomaterials are proposed for detection of volatile organic compounds resulted from melanoma cell.
3. Introduction One of the possible applications of nanosensors which imitates the smell sense is a sensor for detecting and quantifying of volatile organic compounds from human breath. Volatile organic 2|Page
compounds are organic chemicals that have a high vapor pressure at room temperature. Human breath contains numerous compounds and over 500 chemical species are volatile.
4. Literature review
The proposed nanosensor is based on a study published in Journal of chromatography B about volatile biomarkers from human melanoma cells i. According to the paper, isoamyl alcohol resulted from melanoma cells has increasing values versus isovaleric acid. Both of these compounds are precursors of leucine, one of essential amino acids for human. Isoamyl alcohol or 3-methyl-1-butanol, (CH3)2CHCH2CH2OH with molecular formula: C5H12O and molecular weight: 88.14818 is one of the isomers of amyl alcohol and is clear liquid with an unpleasant odor and has specific chemical characteristics for a primary alcohol.
5. Project description - overall design method for fabrication and application
Proposed chemical reaction is deprotonation of isoamyl alcohol in the presence of an enzyme (alcohol dehydrogenase, noted as DHA). That enzyme is used as a catalyst to facilitate the interconversion between alcohol and ketones. This is a redox reaction which involves a change of electrons from one reaction to another: (CH3)2CHCH2CH2OH + DHA+ → (CH3)2CHCH2CHO + DHAH + H+
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DHA+ is an oxidizing agent and it accepts electrons from other molecules and becomes reduced. DHAH is a reducing agent and donate electrons. Proposed source for this co-enzyme: alcohol dehydrogenase from lactobacillus brevis found in fermented food. So our sensor is based on nanoparticles functionalized with DHA. The sensing mechanism is as mentioned above first the (CH3)2CHCH2CH2OH vapor adsorbs on the nanoparticle surface and reacts with DHA+ that leads to a charge transfer between our sensing nanoparticle coated with DHA+ and (CH3)2CHCH2CH2OH. Our sensor is based on nanochannel field effect transistor (FET). The nanochannel will be made of the nanoparticles coated with DHA+. So when the sensor works the deprotonation of isoamyl alcohol in the nanochannel will change the conductivity of the FET and this conductivity change will be detected. Find below schematic description of a general chemiresistors and their equivalent circuits: (a) lateral configuration in which any of the five resistances can be modulated by chemical interaction; (b) impedimetric chemiresistor in which capacitance CB is chemically modulated.
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6. Conclusions and recommendations A simple and inexpensive technologies which avoid collection and pre-processing of samples are desirable for gas analysis. A specifically designed gas sensors based on nanosensors technologies could be the opportunities to non-invasive and easy-to-use technique in diagnostic tests.
7. References a. Volatile biomarkers from human melanoma cells - Jae Kwaka b. Principles of Chemical Sensors - Jiˇr´ı Janata c. Volatile Biomarkers Non-Invasive Diagnosis in Physiology and Medicine i
"Volatile biomarkers from human melanoma cells." Volatile biomarkers from human melanoma cells. N.p., n.d. Web. 4 May 2014. .
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Use of Electronic Nose in Detection of Volatile Organic Compounds from Human Melanoma Cells By: Isabela Anton, Georgies Alene Asres, Ellaine Cabasan and Christeena Twal
14
Table of Contents Table of Contents ……………………………………………………………………… Page 1 Biographies ………...…..………………………………………………………………. Page 2 Abstract, Introduction, Literature Review ……………...…………………………… Page 3 Project Description ……………………………………………………………..….. Page 3&4 Conclusion, Recommendation, and References ……………………………..……….. Page 5
1|Page
Use of Electronic Nose in Detection of Volatile Organic Compounds from Human Melanoma Cells
Students' short biography Ellaine Cabasan – Electronics and Communications Engineering Graduate from Asia Pacific College, 2010 Functional Consultant, Program and Project Management, Hewlett-Packard (2010 – Present)
Christeena Twal – High school student going into biomedical engineering for university and a dedicated learner.
Isabela Anton – Bachelor of analytical chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest, Romania (1992 -1997) Research Assistant, Physico-chemical Laboratory, Biology and animal nutrition Research Institute, Bucharest Romania, between 1998 -2000 Analytical Chemist and then Head of Chemical Laboratory, Department Quality Control at SC Biofarm SA Bucharest, between 2000 -2004 Quality Control Supervisor for raw materials and primary and secondary packaging materials, Quality Control, Sindan Pharma - Actavis Bucharest, between 2004 -2007 Quality Control Manager, Sindan Pharma - Actavis Bucharest, until 2007
2. Abstract In the present paper a simple, non-invasive and easy-to-use technologies based on nanosensors and nanomaterials are proposed for detection of volatile organic compounds resulted from melanoma cell.
3. Introduction One of the possible applications of nanosensors which imitates the smell sense is a sensor for detecting and quantifying of volatile organic compounds from human breath. Volatile organic 2|Page
compounds are organic chemicals that have a high vapor pressure at room temperature. Human breath contains numerous compounds and over 500 chemical species are volatile.
4. Literature review
The proposed nanosensor is based on a study published in Journal of chromatography B about volatile biomarkers from human melanoma cells i. According to the paper, isoamyl alcohol resulted from melanoma cells has increasing values versus isovaleric acid. Both of these compounds are precursors of leucine, one of essential amino acids for human. Isoamyl alcohol or 3-methyl-1-butanol, (CH3)2CHCH2CH2OH with molecular formula: C5H12O and molecular weight: 88.14818 is one of the isomers of amyl alcohol and is clear liquid with an unpleasant odor and has specific chemical characteristics for a primary alcohol.
5. Project description - overall design method for fabrication and application
Proposed chemical reaction is deprotonation of isoamyl alcohol in the presence of an enzyme (alcohol dehydrogenase, noted as DHA). That enzyme is used as a catalyst to facilitate the interconversion between alcohol and ketones. This is a redox reaction which involves a change of electrons from one reaction to another: (CH3)2CHCH2CH2OH + DHA+ → (CH3)2CHCH2CHO + DHAH + H+
3|Page
DHA+ is an oxidizing agent and it accepts electrons from other molecules and becomes reduced. DHAH is a reducing agent and donate electrons. Proposed source for this co-enzyme: alcohol dehydrogenase from lactobacillus brevis found in fermented food. So our sensor is based on nanoparticles functionalized with DHA. The sensing mechanism is as mentioned above first the (CH3)2CHCH2CH2OH vapor adsorbs on the nanoparticle surface and reacts with DHA+ that leads to a charge transfer between our sensing nanoparticle coated with DHA+ and (CH3)2CHCH2CH2OH. Our sensor is based on nanochannel field effect transistor (FET). The nanochannel will be made of the nanoparticles coated with DHA+. So when the sensor works the deprotonation of isoamyl alcohol in the nanochannel will change the conductivity of the FET and this conductivity change will be detected. Find below schematic description of a general chemiresistors and their equivalent circuits: (a) lateral configuration in which any of the five resistances can be modulated by chemical interaction; (b) impedimetric chemiresistor in which capacitance CB is chemically modulated.
4|Page
6. Conclusions and recommendations A simple and inexpensive technologies which avoid collection and pre-processing of samples are desirable for gas analysis. A specifically designed gas sensors based on nanosensors technologies could be the opportunities to non-invasive and easy-to-use technique in diagnostic tests.
7. References a. Volatile biomarkers from human melanoma cells - Jae Kwaka b. Principles of Chemical Sensors - Jiˇr´ı Janata c. Volatile Biomarkers Non-Invasive Diagnosis in Physiology and Medicine i
"Volatile biomarkers from human melanoma cells." Volatile biomarkers from human melanoma cells. N.p., n.d. Web. 4 May 2014. .
5|Page
