Bioversity MUSA Transit Center November 2 2015.pptx - cgiar
The International Transit Centre: A foundation for Banana and Plantain research
Banana: Food Security Crop
0%
1%
26% 42%
• 8th
most important food crop globally • 4th most important food crop in LDCs 31%
Asia
Africa
Americas
Europe
Oceania
• Particularly important for smallholders • Primarily cooking types, staple food 15,000,000 10,000,000 5,000,000 Plantains
EAHB and other cooking
East Africa
Cavendish
West and Central Africa
Other dessert
Bioversity International Transit Center
safety back-up Virus indexed 5%
Documented
1%
breeding
19% 3%
Free of charge 56%
conserva4on trait evalua4on
16%
fundamental studies educa4on
TR4, Vit A, Drought, Kagera and much more….
Source: The impact of the Musa International Transit Centre (2010)
Only a small proportion of diversity is used F a ctoria l a na lysis: A xe s 1 / 2
AA / AAA
.2 5
.2
ABB M. balbisiana
AAB
.1 5
AB / ABB
AA PNG AAT
M. a. banksii
.1
Iholena II Pelipita
I -.6
-.5 5
-.5
-.4 5
Maia Maoli -.4
-.3 5
-.3
-.2 5
Plantain -.2
-.1 5
M. schizocarpa .0 5 III -.1
-.0 5
.0 5
-.0 5
Silk
Pisang Nangka -.1 -.1 5
Pisang Awak
-.2
Pome Mysore
-.2 5
-.3
.1
II
.1 5
Mu9ka / Lujugira .2
M. a. SEA
Cavendish Gros Michel
Diversity for Resilience • ‘Gros Michel’: perfect export cultivar • But susceptible to
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense • 1950s: 40,000 lost in Central/South America • Estimated financial loss: $2.3 billion in 2000 figures • NOT including unemployment and social instability
Source: Ploetz, 2005
A new crisis is threatening
ITC material used for screening genepool for sources of resistance to TR4
Screening of EAHB and Plantain cultivars Arrival of TR4 in Mozambique in 2013. Given importance of crop for millions of smallholders in Africa, this could have major impact if local cultivars are susceptible à screening of ITC accessions Cultivar name Genome
Sub-Group
% Incidence 52 weeks 100 weeks
Igitsiri (Intuntu)
AAA
EAHB
3
3
Mbwazirumi
AAA
EAHB
2
3
Ingagara
AAA
EAHB
5
5
Inkira
AAA
EAHB
4
4
Enzirabahim a
AAA
EAHB
1
3
Kazirakwe
AAA
EAHB
1
1
Akpakpak
AAB
Plantain
1
1
Obubit Ntanga
AAB
Plantain
0
0
AA
Mchare
23
32
Grand Naine
AAA
Cavendish
58
79
Lakatan
AAA
Berangan
76
92
Ibwi
Ingagara (EAHB)
Akpakpak (plantain)
Diversity for Nutrition: Bananas offer a solution to Vitamin A Deficiency
Lois Englberger in the Pacific region
Vitamin A deficiency
Banana: Food Security Crop
0%
1%
26% 42%
• 8th
most important food crop globally • 4th most important food crop in LDCs 31%
Asia
Africa
Americas
Europe
Oceania
• Particularly important for smallholders • Primarily cooking types, staple food 15,000,000 10,000,000 5,000,000 Plantains
EAHB and other cooking
East Africa
Cavendish
West and Central Africa
Other dessert
Bioversity International Transit Center
safety back-up Virus indexed 5%
Documented
1%
breeding
19% 3%
Free of charge 56%
conserva4on trait evalua4on
16%
fundamental studies educa4on
TR4, Vit A, Drought, Kagera and much more….
Source: The impact of the Musa International Transit Centre (2010)
Only a small proportion of diversity is used F a ctoria l a na lysis: A xe s 1 / 2
AA / AAA
.2 5
.2
ABB M. balbisiana
AAB
.1 5
AB / ABB
AA PNG AAT
M. a. banksii
.1
Iholena II Pelipita
I -.6
-.5 5
-.5
-.4 5
Maia Maoli -.4
-.3 5
-.3
-.2 5
Plantain -.2
-.1 5
M. schizocarpa .0 5 III -.1
-.0 5
.0 5
-.0 5
Silk
Pisang Nangka -.1 -.1 5
Pisang Awak
-.2
Pome Mysore
-.2 5
-.3
.1
II
.1 5
Mu9ka / Lujugira .2
M. a. SEA
Cavendish Gros Michel
Diversity for Resilience • ‘Gros Michel’: perfect export cultivar • But susceptible to
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense • 1950s: 40,000 lost in Central/South America • Estimated financial loss: $2.3 billion in 2000 figures • NOT including unemployment and social instability
Source: Ploetz, 2005
A new crisis is threatening
ITC material used for screening genepool for sources of resistance to TR4
Screening of EAHB and Plantain cultivars Arrival of TR4 in Mozambique in 2013. Given importance of crop for millions of smallholders in Africa, this could have major impact if local cultivars are susceptible à screening of ITC accessions Cultivar name Genome
Sub-Group
% Incidence 52 weeks 100 weeks
Igitsiri (Intuntu)
AAA
EAHB
3
3
Mbwazirumi
AAA
EAHB
2
3
Ingagara
AAA
EAHB
5
5
Inkira
AAA
EAHB
4
4
Enzirabahim a
AAA
EAHB
1
3
Kazirakwe
AAA
EAHB
1
1
Akpakpak
AAB
Plantain
1
1
Obubit Ntanga
AAB
Plantain
0
0
AA
Mchare
23
32
Grand Naine
AAA
Cavendish
58
79
Lakatan
AAA
Berangan
76
92
Ibwi
Ingagara (EAHB)
Akpakpak (plantain)
Diversity for Nutrition: Bananas offer a solution to Vitamin A Deficiency
Lois Englberger in the Pacific region
Vitamin A deficiency
