10 Missed Opportunities Teachers Make from a School Counselor's ...
10 Missed Opportunities Teachers Make from a School Counselor’s Perspective Pamela Lever Erika Huck Rebecca Best
Takoma Park Middle School Thomas W. Pyle Middle School Thomas W. Pyle Middle School
Who are we?
Participants will . . . ● learn how a veteran teacher-turned-counselor views life outside the classroom with new eyes. ● self-evaluate own actions inside and outside the classroom. ● examine scenarios of missed opportunities and evaluate ways to make them learning opportunities. ● participate in activities focusing on the social and emotional learning of an adolescent.
The 10 Missed Opportunities 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Build positive relationships. Build a community in the classroom. Implement brain breaks. Provide praise and positive feedback. Communicate effectively with parents. Focus on email etiquette. Be organized. Implement 504/IEP accommodations appropriately. Engage Students. Add humor and have fun.
Missed Opportunity #1:
Teachers fail to build Positive Relationships
Think Think of a teacher you had a strong connection with as a student. What made this teacher special?
Reflection
The foundation of working with kids is building strong relationships
Positive Relationships
“One student commented: my teacher made sure that the connection we have is built on honesty, support, and encouragement. Our relationship made me want to do my best work.” - Leon
http://www.tubechop.com/watch/7910588
How to develop positive relationships with your students ● ● ● ● ● ●
Communicate positive expectations. Call on all students equitably. Interact with students responsively and respectfully. Offer students help. Help students reflect. Know each individual’s background, interest, academic level, and strengths.
Every Child Needs a CHAMPION
http://www.tubechop.com/watch/7910636
Missed Opportunity #2:
Teachers fail to build a classroom community
ASK YOURSELF ONE QUESTION ON YOUR WAY TO SCHOOL: WOULD YOU WANT TO BE A STUDENT IN YOUR CLASS?
Create A Positive Environment ● Create Routines so kids know what to expect when they walk into class. ● Cultivate Relationships among students because in true communities of learners (including teachers) a support system is built in. “...nationally, four percent of students reported that they had no friends. They were socially isolated students”
1.
2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Learn each other's names. a. Beginning of the school year Ice Breakers b. Brain Breaks with name games included Group students with classmates they might not seek out on their own. Post pictures of student work around the classroom. Create a class webpage where students can find blog posts of our work in class and photographs of their contributions. Move students' desks together so that they work cooperatively or have student discourse. Allow students time to talk with their partners in their table groups about both academic and personal subjects.
HOW TO BUILD A COMMUNITY
http://www.tubechop.co/mwatch/8368933
SPEED TARP aka Blanket Name Game
Teacher Survey
Missed Opportunity #3:
Teachers fail to give Brain Breaks
Helping students re-energize
• Brain breaks will help students refocus and re-energize. It’s like hitting the refresh button. • You can use it to transition from one activity to another or just to get students up and moving when you begin to see them getting antsy. • Is great to do every 20-30 minutes.
What is a Brain Break?
Toe Tapping Brain Break
Pass the Clap
River Bank Game
Pen Flipping Brain Break This one you will take these steps 1. Stand Up. 2. Take a pen and flip it ONE REVOLUTION. (Imagine a piece of tape on one end of the pen, then throw the pen from the tape side. Have the pen go one full turn around to get to the tape side again) 3. Now do the same thing with your other hand. 4. Now get a pen for both hands and try to do both pens at the same time. 5. If you really are good at that, then try to throw the pens up into the air and catch them in opposite hands. This is tough.
Missed Opportunity #4:
Teachers fail to provide praise and positive feedback
Praise and Positive Feedback
Turn to an elbow partner and discuss the best or most recent compliment someone gave to you. Share how it made you feel.
Answer this question:
How do YOUR students know you like them?
Jamie McSparin, a teacher, at Oak Park HS in Kansas City Missouri, in charge of the school’s academy program in for at-risk sophomore and juniors, posed a challenge for her fellow teachers: tell an individual student that they are important and appreciated.
The results were powerful.
https://www.youtube.com/w atch?v=UFLzjl9OZm4
WHAT KIND OF PRAISE MOST EFFECTIVE? Genuine
Facts Based
Personal
Relevant
Descriptive
VAGUE
Positive
Specific Tangible
Good job!
Ways to Praise students The best kind of praise are the ones that are tangible - ones that students can cherish and hold onto. Postcards Emails Notes from the teacher Certificates Ways to do this: 1st 10 minutes of every student review meeting write cards As students are working in groups, walk around with a post it and jot downs notes to kids
Positive Postcard- Sample 1
Positive Postcard- Sample 2
Create a system to make it happen!
Sample of an Email - Positive Praise Good Afternoon, I hope you are well on this chilly Friday. I am writing to share that Kyle did a fantastic job on his debate today. I know he was nervous, but he took the stage with confidence, shared his findings, and made some strong points to prove his thoughts. It was clear that he did his research and seemed to understood what he was debating. I was most impressed with how well Kyle knew his topic and the fact that he really took the time to prepare. I always think Kyle is pretty awesome, and today was just the icing on the cake. Have a great day, Ms. Lever
Impact of that Positive Praise I meant to write a note to you all weekend and somehow—maybe it was the fun snowstorm—I got off-track. Your feedback meant so much to Gary & I but even more to Kyle. On Friday, he got off the bus all upset about his debate because he said that he had one of his absence seizures up there (if it did indeed happen, you would have just noticed him stop speaking for a couple of seconds and then resume—he said he repeated a line bc he lost track of where he was). Anyway, I assured him that seizure or no seizure, that could happen to anyone standing in front of a room full of peers. He sort of believed me until I shared your note, at which point his face lit up. You turned that entire experience around for him and instead of looking back with dread, he is now proud of what he accomplished. THANK YOU! THANK YOU! THANK YOU! Dani
Mr. Munson’s Testimony
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7E8g0leoaXc
Missed Opportunity #5:
Teachers fail to effectively communicate with parents
Making first impressions!!
Be Transparent, Be Proactive Goal: Communicate frequently about your classroom frequently and thoroughly Help parents feel that they are a part of your classroom.
What could have been a small little problem
Turns into THIS when a teacher isn’t transparent
Be Solution Oriented Goal: Solve individual classroom problems before the kid gets home. How do you communicate with the parents in their child’s education? Share with parent how YOU are working to solve the existing problem: □ “Here is the problem, steps I’ve taken in solving the problem; what works, what doesn’t; where will we go from here”
Here’s what not to ask or write: Does your child have an IEP or a 504? Your child has an IEP? I think your child has ADHD. Your child is in my class? I think you may want to think about moving your child to a new level. I have been irritated with your child since day 1.
PLEASE DON’T
Missed Opportunity #6:
Teachers fail to use email etiquette
Email Etiquette The Art of Email Communication •Teachers are the professionals •Cyber communication is part of your professional reputation •Email is an evolving skill that must be discussed, practiced, and continuously improved
Common Mistakes ● ● ● ● ● ●
Lack of Timely Response- 24 hours Tone Lack of Greeting Rushed, incomplete response “Getting into it” over email Emailing when a phone conversation or meeting is more appropriate for the situation
When not to email Anything Sensitive!
Missed Opportunity #7 :
Teachers fail to appropriately use 504 and IEP plans
Lynne Denicola, a Special Education Teacher
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kyv2RFlM3dI
Create a "cheat sheet" for every IEP and 504 student in the building
Created by Lynne Denicola
o se t ’s u e to udent c r t u eso ent s ons r er em ti Oth impl moda p m hel acco
Missed Opportunity #8
Teachers fail to be organized
That
e s los r e h Teac pers pa
Grad es a upda ren’t ted
Emails not responded in a timely manner
vs
This
How to combat this missed opportunity There is NO cookie-cutter way to be organized
●
Outline Your Priority
●
Have Everything You Need Within Reach
●
Chop up big problems into smaller chunks
●
Put Paperwork in Its Place ○ Every piece of paper on your desk should have a home
●
Keep Current Projects Front and Center
●
IF you are backed up, acknowledge the email and that you will get back to the person.
An Effective teacher must be ORGANIZED
Missed Opportunity #9:
Teachers fail to to engage students
The old-timey classroom instruction doesn’t work d -le r e ch on Tea ructi t ins
Sit a nd ge
t
Not knowing your audience
Using Equitable Practices A Teacher who uses Equitable Practices . . . 1. 2.
3. 4. 5. 6.
Welcomes students by name as they enter the classroom Uses random response strategies such a. Numbered heads b. Color-coded cards c. Calling sticks d. Calling cards Arranges the classroom to accommodate discussion Uses random grouping methods to form small groups Uses Wait Time Uses students’ real life experiences to connect school learning to students’ lives http://www.montgomeryschoolsmd.org/departments/development/resources/ecp/
Uses random grouping methods to form small groups
https://www.superteachertools.us/instantclassroom/#.V-1OQvkrLcs
Supporting Academic Conversations through Conversational Turns Student to Student Discourse
Missed Opportunity #10:
Teachers fail to Add Humor and Have Fun
‘’
Complaints heard from students:
“She is so boring.” “I can’t help but fall asleep, I’m not learning anything” “Can I change my math teacher, I heard that the other math teacher is more fun?” “My teacher just talks and talks and talks and there is nothing fun about that class.” ➔ “OMG, she sucks the life out English”
As a teacher, my philosophy was to not just be a teacher, but to be an experience
Favorite classroom activities (shared by 6th, 7th, and 8th grade students)
When we leave the classroom and go outside to learn - just to give us a break from being inside
weaves r e h c a e t y When m ames g h it w g in learn ily Feud m a F , y d r a Jeop
I get to use technology to learn - like a scavenger hunt - I do my own learning.
Discussion groups - w here I get to voic e my opinio ns and debate my classm ates
Plan activities that create a sense of community so that your students have an opportunity to see the connections between what they already know and the new things they are learning, as well as have the time to enjoy being with you and the other students.
Time for a BRAIN BREAK
What was the most helpful? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
TWEET IT OUT Build positive relationships. @pamlever Build a community in the classroom. #AMLE2016 Implement brain breaks. Provide praise and positive feedback. Communicate effectively with parents. Focus on email etiquette. Be organized. Implement 504/IEP accommodations appropriately. Engage Students. Add humor and have fun.
References
References Jackson, R and Lambert, Claire; How to Support Struggling Students; Mastering the Principles of Great Teaching. Alexandria; ASCD, 2010. Print "Incorporating Brain Breaks; Keeping Students Engaged." Incorporating Brain Breaks. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Apr. 2016. . Chalk, K & Lewis, A. B (2004) Specific Praise Improves On-task Behaviour and Numeracy Enjoyment: A study of year four pupils engaged in numeracy hour Educational Psychology in Practice Vol. 20 (4), pp.335-351 Boynton, M, and Boynton, C. Educator's Guide to Preventing and Solving Discipline Problems. Alexandria: ASCD, 2005. Print. Rimm-Kaufman, Sara, and Lia Sandilos. "Improving Students' Relationships with Teachers to Provide Essential Supports for Learning." American Psychological Association. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Apr. 2016 . "Understood for Learning and Attention Issues." Understood for Learning and Attention Issues. Accommodations: What They Are and How They Work, n.d. Web. 5 May 2016. . Dabbs, LIsa. “Let’s Not "Fall" Behind: Three Tips to Help You Stay Organized.” Edutopia. 5 Nov. 2012. Web 30 Sept. 2016.
References continued. . . George, Rachael. "Doing Your Best Work by Starting with Relationships." ASCD in Service. ASCD, 27 Apr. 2016. Web. 5 May 2016. . Schwartz, Katrina. "20 Tips to Help De-escalate Interactions With Anxious or Defiant Students." MindShift: How we will learn. N.p., 21 Apr. 2016. Web. 5 May 2016. . Powell, Katie. "Bust worksheets and lectures with these activities you can reuse many times over." AMLE. N.p., n.d. Web. 5 May 2016. . Fox, Jeremy. "Interaction by parents, teachers an aid to kids." Boston Globe. N.p., 26 May 2015. Web. 10 May 2016. . "Collaboration in Education." InSlideShare. N.p., 22 June 2012. Web. 27 July 2016. . Jones, Fred “ Top 10 Strategies for Classroom Management.” N.p., n.d., Web. 14 Aug. 2016. .
References continued. . . McNeely, Robert. “Avoiding Power Struggles with Students: The dos and don'ts of dealing with classroom confrontations.”. N.p., n.d., Web. Aug. 14, 2016. .
Martin, Beth. “Avoiding Power Struggles and Setting Limits”. N.p, May 8, 2009. Web. 14 Aug. 2016. .
Wessling, Sarah. “14 Ways to Cultivate your Classroom Chemistry.” Teaching Channel. 10 Sept. 2012. Web 20 Sept. 2016.
Bluestein, Jane. “Building a Positive Classroom Community.” Education World. 2012. Web 20 Sept. 2016. http://www.educationworld.com/a_curr/bluestein-building-classroom-community.shtml
Desautels, Lori. “Energy and Calm: Brain Breaks and Focused-Attention Practices.” Edutopia. 14 Jan. 2015. Web 3 Oct. 2016
Takoma Park Middle School Thomas W. Pyle Middle School Thomas W. Pyle Middle School
Who are we?
Participants will . . . ● learn how a veteran teacher-turned-counselor views life outside the classroom with new eyes. ● self-evaluate own actions inside and outside the classroom. ● examine scenarios of missed opportunities and evaluate ways to make them learning opportunities. ● participate in activities focusing on the social and emotional learning of an adolescent.
The 10 Missed Opportunities 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Build positive relationships. Build a community in the classroom. Implement brain breaks. Provide praise and positive feedback. Communicate effectively with parents. Focus on email etiquette. Be organized. Implement 504/IEP accommodations appropriately. Engage Students. Add humor and have fun.
Missed Opportunity #1:
Teachers fail to build Positive Relationships
Think Think of a teacher you had a strong connection with as a student. What made this teacher special?
Reflection
The foundation of working with kids is building strong relationships
Positive Relationships
“One student commented: my teacher made sure that the connection we have is built on honesty, support, and encouragement. Our relationship made me want to do my best work.” - Leon
http://www.tubechop.com/watch/7910588
How to develop positive relationships with your students ● ● ● ● ● ●
Communicate positive expectations. Call on all students equitably. Interact with students responsively and respectfully. Offer students help. Help students reflect. Know each individual’s background, interest, academic level, and strengths.
Every Child Needs a CHAMPION
http://www.tubechop.com/watch/7910636
Missed Opportunity #2:
Teachers fail to build a classroom community
ASK YOURSELF ONE QUESTION ON YOUR WAY TO SCHOOL: WOULD YOU WANT TO BE A STUDENT IN YOUR CLASS?
Create A Positive Environment ● Create Routines so kids know what to expect when they walk into class. ● Cultivate Relationships among students because in true communities of learners (including teachers) a support system is built in. “...nationally, four percent of students reported that they had no friends. They were socially isolated students”
1.
2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Learn each other's names. a. Beginning of the school year Ice Breakers b. Brain Breaks with name games included Group students with classmates they might not seek out on their own. Post pictures of student work around the classroom. Create a class webpage where students can find blog posts of our work in class and photographs of their contributions. Move students' desks together so that they work cooperatively or have student discourse. Allow students time to talk with their partners in their table groups about both academic and personal subjects.
HOW TO BUILD A COMMUNITY
http://www.tubechop.co/mwatch/8368933
SPEED TARP aka Blanket Name Game
Teacher Survey
Missed Opportunity #3:
Teachers fail to give Brain Breaks
Helping students re-energize
• Brain breaks will help students refocus and re-energize. It’s like hitting the refresh button. • You can use it to transition from one activity to another or just to get students up and moving when you begin to see them getting antsy. • Is great to do every 20-30 minutes.
What is a Brain Break?
Toe Tapping Brain Break
Pass the Clap
River Bank Game
Pen Flipping Brain Break This one you will take these steps 1. Stand Up. 2. Take a pen and flip it ONE REVOLUTION. (Imagine a piece of tape on one end of the pen, then throw the pen from the tape side. Have the pen go one full turn around to get to the tape side again) 3. Now do the same thing with your other hand. 4. Now get a pen for both hands and try to do both pens at the same time. 5. If you really are good at that, then try to throw the pens up into the air and catch them in opposite hands. This is tough.
Missed Opportunity #4:
Teachers fail to provide praise and positive feedback
Praise and Positive Feedback
Turn to an elbow partner and discuss the best or most recent compliment someone gave to you. Share how it made you feel.
Answer this question:
How do YOUR students know you like them?
Jamie McSparin, a teacher, at Oak Park HS in Kansas City Missouri, in charge of the school’s academy program in for at-risk sophomore and juniors, posed a challenge for her fellow teachers: tell an individual student that they are important and appreciated.
The results were powerful.
https://www.youtube.com/w atch?v=UFLzjl9OZm4
WHAT KIND OF PRAISE MOST EFFECTIVE? Genuine
Facts Based
Personal
Relevant
Descriptive
VAGUE
Positive
Specific Tangible
Good job!
Ways to Praise students The best kind of praise are the ones that are tangible - ones that students can cherish and hold onto. Postcards Emails Notes from the teacher Certificates Ways to do this: 1st 10 minutes of every student review meeting write cards As students are working in groups, walk around with a post it and jot downs notes to kids
Positive Postcard- Sample 1
Positive Postcard- Sample 2
Create a system to make it happen!
Sample of an Email - Positive Praise Good Afternoon, I hope you are well on this chilly Friday. I am writing to share that Kyle did a fantastic job on his debate today. I know he was nervous, but he took the stage with confidence, shared his findings, and made some strong points to prove his thoughts. It was clear that he did his research and seemed to understood what he was debating. I was most impressed with how well Kyle knew his topic and the fact that he really took the time to prepare. I always think Kyle is pretty awesome, and today was just the icing on the cake. Have a great day, Ms. Lever
Impact of that Positive Praise I meant to write a note to you all weekend and somehow—maybe it was the fun snowstorm—I got off-track. Your feedback meant so much to Gary & I but even more to Kyle. On Friday, he got off the bus all upset about his debate because he said that he had one of his absence seizures up there (if it did indeed happen, you would have just noticed him stop speaking for a couple of seconds and then resume—he said he repeated a line bc he lost track of where he was). Anyway, I assured him that seizure or no seizure, that could happen to anyone standing in front of a room full of peers. He sort of believed me until I shared your note, at which point his face lit up. You turned that entire experience around for him and instead of looking back with dread, he is now proud of what he accomplished. THANK YOU! THANK YOU! THANK YOU! Dani
Mr. Munson’s Testimony
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7E8g0leoaXc
Missed Opportunity #5:
Teachers fail to effectively communicate with parents
Making first impressions!!
Be Transparent, Be Proactive Goal: Communicate frequently about your classroom frequently and thoroughly Help parents feel that they are a part of your classroom.
What could have been a small little problem
Turns into THIS when a teacher isn’t transparent
Be Solution Oriented Goal: Solve individual classroom problems before the kid gets home. How do you communicate with the parents in their child’s education? Share with parent how YOU are working to solve the existing problem: □ “Here is the problem, steps I’ve taken in solving the problem; what works, what doesn’t; where will we go from here”
Here’s what not to ask or write: Does your child have an IEP or a 504? Your child has an IEP? I think your child has ADHD. Your child is in my class? I think you may want to think about moving your child to a new level. I have been irritated with your child since day 1.
PLEASE DON’T
Missed Opportunity #6:
Teachers fail to use email etiquette
Email Etiquette The Art of Email Communication •Teachers are the professionals •Cyber communication is part of your professional reputation •Email is an evolving skill that must be discussed, practiced, and continuously improved
Common Mistakes ● ● ● ● ● ●
Lack of Timely Response- 24 hours Tone Lack of Greeting Rushed, incomplete response “Getting into it” over email Emailing when a phone conversation or meeting is more appropriate for the situation
When not to email Anything Sensitive!
Missed Opportunity #7 :
Teachers fail to appropriately use 504 and IEP plans
Lynne Denicola, a Special Education Teacher
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kyv2RFlM3dI
Create a "cheat sheet" for every IEP and 504 student in the building
Created by Lynne Denicola
o se t ’s u e to udent c r t u eso ent s ons r er em ti Oth impl moda p m hel acco
Missed Opportunity #8
Teachers fail to be organized
That
e s los r e h Teac pers pa
Grad es a upda ren’t ted
Emails not responded in a timely manner
vs
This
How to combat this missed opportunity There is NO cookie-cutter way to be organized
●
Outline Your Priority
●
Have Everything You Need Within Reach
●
Chop up big problems into smaller chunks
●
Put Paperwork in Its Place ○ Every piece of paper on your desk should have a home
●
Keep Current Projects Front and Center
●
IF you are backed up, acknowledge the email and that you will get back to the person.
An Effective teacher must be ORGANIZED
Missed Opportunity #9:
Teachers fail to to engage students
The old-timey classroom instruction doesn’t work d -le r e ch on Tea ructi t ins
Sit a nd ge
t
Not knowing your audience
Using Equitable Practices A Teacher who uses Equitable Practices . . . 1. 2.
3. 4. 5. 6.
Welcomes students by name as they enter the classroom Uses random response strategies such a. Numbered heads b. Color-coded cards c. Calling sticks d. Calling cards Arranges the classroom to accommodate discussion Uses random grouping methods to form small groups Uses Wait Time Uses students’ real life experiences to connect school learning to students’ lives http://www.montgomeryschoolsmd.org/departments/development/resources/ecp/
Uses random grouping methods to form small groups
https://www.superteachertools.us/instantclassroom/#.V-1OQvkrLcs
Supporting Academic Conversations through Conversational Turns Student to Student Discourse
Missed Opportunity #10:
Teachers fail to Add Humor and Have Fun
‘’
Complaints heard from students:
“She is so boring.” “I can’t help but fall asleep, I’m not learning anything” “Can I change my math teacher, I heard that the other math teacher is more fun?” “My teacher just talks and talks and talks and there is nothing fun about that class.” ➔ “OMG, she sucks the life out English”
As a teacher, my philosophy was to not just be a teacher, but to be an experience
Favorite classroom activities (shared by 6th, 7th, and 8th grade students)
When we leave the classroom and go outside to learn - just to give us a break from being inside
weaves r e h c a e t y When m ames g h it w g in learn ily Feud m a F , y d r a Jeop
I get to use technology to learn - like a scavenger hunt - I do my own learning.
Discussion groups - w here I get to voic e my opinio ns and debate my classm ates
Plan activities that create a sense of community so that your students have an opportunity to see the connections between what they already know and the new things they are learning, as well as have the time to enjoy being with you and the other students.
Time for a BRAIN BREAK
What was the most helpful? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
TWEET IT OUT Build positive relationships. @pamlever Build a community in the classroom. #AMLE2016 Implement brain breaks. Provide praise and positive feedback. Communicate effectively with parents. Focus on email etiquette. Be organized. Implement 504/IEP accommodations appropriately. Engage Students. Add humor and have fun.
References
References Jackson, R and Lambert, Claire; How to Support Struggling Students; Mastering the Principles of Great Teaching. Alexandria; ASCD, 2010. Print "Incorporating Brain Breaks; Keeping Students Engaged." Incorporating Brain Breaks. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Apr. 2016. . Chalk, K & Lewis, A. B (2004) Specific Praise Improves On-task Behaviour and Numeracy Enjoyment: A study of year four pupils engaged in numeracy hour Educational Psychology in Practice Vol. 20 (4), pp.335-351 Boynton, M, and Boynton, C. Educator's Guide to Preventing and Solving Discipline Problems. Alexandria: ASCD, 2005. Print. Rimm-Kaufman, Sara, and Lia Sandilos. "Improving Students' Relationships with Teachers to Provide Essential Supports for Learning." American Psychological Association. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Apr. 2016 . "Understood for Learning and Attention Issues." Understood for Learning and Attention Issues. Accommodations: What They Are and How They Work, n.d. Web. 5 May 2016. . Dabbs, LIsa. “Let’s Not "Fall" Behind: Three Tips to Help You Stay Organized.” Edutopia. 5 Nov. 2012. Web 30 Sept. 2016.
References continued. . . George, Rachael. "Doing Your Best Work by Starting with Relationships." ASCD in Service. ASCD, 27 Apr. 2016. Web. 5 May 2016. . Schwartz, Katrina. "20 Tips to Help De-escalate Interactions With Anxious or Defiant Students." MindShift: How we will learn. N.p., 21 Apr. 2016. Web. 5 May 2016. . Powell, Katie. "Bust worksheets and lectures with these activities you can reuse many times over." AMLE. N.p., n.d. Web. 5 May 2016. . Fox, Jeremy. "Interaction by parents, teachers an aid to kids." Boston Globe. N.p., 26 May 2015. Web. 10 May 2016. . "Collaboration in Education." InSlideShare. N.p., 22 June 2012. Web. 27 July 2016. . Jones, Fred “ Top 10 Strategies for Classroom Management.” N.p., n.d., Web. 14 Aug. 2016. .
References continued. . . McNeely, Robert. “Avoiding Power Struggles with Students: The dos and don'ts of dealing with classroom confrontations.”. N.p., n.d., Web. Aug. 14, 2016. .
Martin, Beth. “Avoiding Power Struggles and Setting Limits”. N.p, May 8, 2009. Web. 14 Aug. 2016. .
Wessling, Sarah. “14 Ways to Cultivate your Classroom Chemistry.” Teaching Channel. 10 Sept. 2012. Web 20 Sept. 2016.
Bluestein, Jane. “Building a Positive Classroom Community.” Education World. 2012. Web 20 Sept. 2016. http://www.educationworld.com/a_curr/bluestein-building-classroom-community.shtml
Desautels, Lori. “Energy and Calm: Brain Breaks and Focused-Attention Practices.” Edutopia. 14 Jan. 2015. Web 3 Oct. 2016
