annual report for 2004 AWS
ANNUAL REPORT FOR 2004
Grimesland Sand Pit Phase II Site Pitt County Project No. 8.T221801 TIP No. R-2510 WM
Office of Natural Environment & Roadside Environmental Unit North Carolina Department of Transportation December 2004
TABLE OF CONTENTS SUMMARY...................................................................................................................... 1 1.0
2.0
INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................. 2 1.1
PROJECT DESCRIPTION......................................................................... 2
1.2
PURPOSE ................................................................................................. 2
1.3
PROJECT HISTORY ................................................................................. 2
HYDROLOGY....................................................................................................... 4 2.1
SUCCESS CRITERIA................................................................................ 4
2.2
HYDROLOGIC DESCRIPTION ................................................................. 4
2.3
RESULTS OF HYDROLOGIC MONITORING ........................................... 4 2.3.1 Site Data ......................................................................................... 4 2.3.2 Climatic Data................................................................................... 8
2.4 3.0
4.0
CONCLUSIONS ........................................................................................ 8
VEGETATION: GRIMESLAND PHASE II MITIGATION SITE ........................... 10 3.1
SUCCESS CRITERIA.............................................................................. 10
3.2
DESCRIPTION OF SPECIES.................................................................. 10
3.3
RESULTS OF VEGETATION MONITORING .......................................... 11
3.4
CONCLUSIONS ...................................................................................... 11
OVERALL CONCLUSIONS................................................................................ 12
LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1.
Grimesland Phase II Site Location Map..................................................... 3
Figure 2.
Grimesland Phase II Gauge Location Map ................................................ 5
Figure 3.
2004 Grimesland Phase II Site Hydrologic Monitoring Results.................. 7
Figure 4.
Grimesland Phase II 30-70 Percentile Graph ............................................ 9
LIST OF TABLES Table 1.
2004 Phase II Hydrologic Monitoring Results ............................................ 6
Table 2.
Vegetation Monitoring Statistics............................................................... 11
APPENDICES APPENDIX A
DEPTH TO GROUNDWATER CHARTS
APPENDIX B
SITE PHOTOS AND PHOTO AND PLOT LOCATIONS MAP
SUMMARY The following report summarizes the monitoring activities that have occurred in the past year for Phase II of the Grimesland Sand Pit Mitigation Site. This site was constructed to serve as a wetland mitigation site for road projects taking place in the Lower Tar River portion of the Tar-Pamlico River Basin in North Carolina. The site will be constructed in three phases. Phase II construction was completed in 2003 and planting occurred in February of 2003. The site is monitored for hydrology using twenty groundwater-monitoring gauges and one rain gauge. The site is monitored for vegetation using seven vegetation plots, which are representative of the 48.8 acres planted in trees on the Grimesland Sand Pit Site Phase II. The 2004-year represents the second year of hydrology and vegetation monitoring following construction. The site must demonstrate hydrologic and vegetation success for a minimum of five years or until the project is deemed successful. Results for both hydrologic and vegetation monitoring indicate that the site is meeting success. The hydrologic data for 2004 demonstrates that the Phase II site met jurisdictional success with all twenty groundwater gauges exceeding the 12.5% minimum success criterion, with fifteen gauges meeting 100% during the growing season. Vegetation monitoring yielded 412 trees per acre, which is above the minimum success criteria for the second year of monitoring. Per the letter from the Ecosystem Enhancement Program (EEP) to NCDOT dated August 25, 2004, the EEP has accepted the transfer of all off-site mitigation projects. The EEP will be responsible for fulfilling the remaining monitoring requirements and future remediation for this project.
1
1.0 1.1
INTRODUCTION PROJECT DESCRIPTION
The 550-acre Grimesland Sand Pit Mitigation Site (herein after referred to as “the site”) is located in Pitt County near the community of Grimesland. The site is currently owned and mined by NCDOT. The site is bounded on the north and the east by Grindle Creek, on the west by croplands and pine plantation, and on the south by the floodplain of the Tar River and the Tar River itself (Figure 1). The site serves as a regional wetland mitigation site for NCDOT roadway projects that would impact similar sites located in the Lower Tar River Sub-Basin. The site includes the creation of 58 acres of forested riverine wetlands (cypress-gum swamp and coastal plain bottomland hardwoods), the creation of 2 acres of emergent wetlands on submerged benches, the preservation of 348 acres of riverine wetland ecosystem, the preservation of 29.59 acres of riparian buffer and the enhancement of aquatic habitat within 80 acres of flooded abandoned borrow pits. 1.2
PURPOSE
In order to demonstrate successful mitigation, hydrologic and vegetative monitoring must be conducted for a minimum of five years or until success criteria are satisfied. Success criteria are based on federal guidelines for wetland mitigation. These guidelines stipulate criteria for both hydrologic conditions and vegetation survival. The following report details the results of hydrologic and vegetative monitoring during the 2004-growing season at the Grimesland Sand Pit Site. 1.3
PROJECT HISTORY
2003 February 2003
Construction-Phase II Phase II Planted
March- November 2003
Hydrologic Monitoring (1 yr.)
June 2003
Vegetation Monitoring (1 yr.)
March- November 2004
Hydrologic Monitoring (1 yr.)
June 2004
Vegetation Monitoring (2 yr.)
2
Figure 1. Grimesland Phase II Site Location Map
N
3
2.0
HYDROLOGY
2.1
SUCCESS CRITERIA
In accordance with federal guidelines for wetland mitigation, the success criteria for hydrology state that the area must be inundated or saturated (within 12” of the surface) by surface or groundwater for at least a consecutive 12.5% of the growing season. Areas inundated less than 5% of the growing season are always classified as nonwetlands. Areas inundated between 5% - 12.5% of the growing season can be classified as wetlands depending upon other factors, such as the presence of hydrophytic vegetation and hydric soils. The growing season in Pitt County begins March 15 and ends November 16. These dates correspond to a 50% probability that temperatures will remain above 28o F or higher after March 15 and before November 16.1 The growing season is 247 days; therefore, the optimum duration for wetland hydrology is 31 days. Also, local climate must represent average conditions for the area. 2.2
HYDROLOGIC DESCRIPTION
Twenty groundwater gauges were installed in the Phase II area in April 2003 (Figure 2). The automatic monitoring gauges record daily readings of the groundwater depth. The 2004 data represents the second full growing season during which the water table was monitored in the Phase II area. A rain gauge installed onsite records daily rainfall totals; these rain events are incorporated into the monitoring results to examine how the site’s groundwater level responds to rainfall. 2.3
RESULTS OF HYDROLOGIC MONITORING
2.3.1 Site Data The maximum number of consecutive days that the groundwater was within twelve inches of the surface was determined for each groundwater-monitoring gauge. This number was converted into a percentage of the 247-day growing season (March 15 – November 16). Table 1 shows the hydrologic results for 2004; Figure 3 is a graphical representation of these results. In Figure 3, a blue dot indicates the gauge showed success for more than 12.5% of the growing season; a red dot, between 8 and 12.5%; a green dot, between 5 and 8%, and a black dot, less than 5%.
1
Soil Conservation Service, Soil Survey of Pitt County, North Carolina, p.71. 4
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Phase II
Figure 2. Gauge Location Map N
0
300 Feet
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Table 1. 2004 Phase II Hydrologic Monitoring Results Monitoring Gauge
< 5%
5 – 8%
8 – 12%
> 12.5%
Actual %
Success Dates
GSP-GW6+
r
32.4
GSP-GW7+
r
100
March 15-June 2 June 5-July 15 Aug 13-Sept 24 April 30-Nov 16
GSP-GW8+
r
100
April 30-Nov 16
GSP-GW9+
r
100
April 30-Nov 16
GSP-GW10+
r
100
April 30-Nov 16
GSP-GW11+
r
35.6
Aug 13-Nov 8
GSP-GW12+
r
100
April 30-Nov 16
GSP-GW13+
r
100
April 30-Nov 16
GSP-GW14+
r
100
April 30-Nov 16
GSP-GW15+
r
100
April 30-Nov 16
GSP-GW16+
r
100
April 30-Nov 16
GSP-GW17+
r
98
April 30-Nov 11
GSP-GW18+
r
100
April 30-Nov 16
GSP-GW19+
r
100
April 30-Nov 16
GSP-GW20+
r
100
April 30-Nov 16
GSP-GW21+
r
100
GSP-GW22+
r
33.6
GSP-GW23+
r
100
GSP-GW24+
r
54.7
GSP-GW25+
r
100
April 30-Nov 16 April 30-May 20 Aug 26-Nov 16 April 30-Nov 16 April 30-July 27 Aug 26-Nov 16 April 30-Nov 16
+ Gauge met the success criterion during an average rainfall month (February, April, May, August, September, October, and November). Appendix A contains plots of the groundwater depth at each monitoring gauge location during 2004. In addition to documenting the water table level relative to the ground surface, these monitoring gauge graphs are designed to show the reaction of the groundwater level to specific rainfall events. The maximum number of consecutive days that the gauge indicates successful hydrology is noted on each graph. Precipitation events recorded by the onsite rain gauge are also included on each graph. Plots of the data recorded at each of the two surface water gauges are included in Appendix A. 6
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Figure 3. 2004 Hydrologic Monitoring Results Hydrology Results # < 5% # 5 - 8% # 8 - 12% # >12.5%
Gauge ð Rain Surface Gauge
N
#³
300
0
300 Feet
2.3.2 Climatic Data Figure 4 is a graph of monthly rainfall for the period of November 2003 through November 2004 compared to historical precipitation data (collected between 1973 and 2004) for Washington, North Carolina. The NC State Climate Office provided the rainfall data. The comparison of 2004 rainfall versus historical values gives an indication of how 2004 compares to historical climate conditions. For the 2004 monitoring year, December (03’) and June experienced above average rainfall. The months of January, March, and June recorded below average rainfall and November (03’), February, April, May, August, September, October, and November experienced average rainfall. Overall, 2004 experienced an average rainfall year. 2.4
CONCLUSIONS
The 2004-year concludes the second complete year of hydrology monitoring at the Grimesland Phase II Site. The 2004 data shows that the Phase II site met jurisdictional success with all twenty groundwater gauges exceeding the 12.5% minimum success criterion (fifteen gauges met for the entire growing season). A comparison of 2004 rainfall versus historical precipitation shows that 2004 experienced average rainfall conditions. EEP will begin monitoring the hydrology at the Grimesland Phase II Mitigation Site for the 2005 monitoring year.
8
Figure 4. Grimesland Phase II 30-70 Percentile Graph, Washington, NC
Grimesland 30-70 Graph Washington, NC Monthly Precipitation 8
7 Rainfall data for May-July w as used from the onsite rain gauge
6
Precipitation (in)
70th Percentile 5
30th Percentile 4
3
2
1
0 Nov 03'
Dec 03'
Jan 04'
Feb 04'
Mar 04'
Apr 04'
May 04'
Jun 04'
Jul 04'
Aug 04'
Sep 04'
Oct 04'
Date
2003
2004
30 Percentile
9
70 percentile
Nov 04'
Dec 04'
3.0
VEGETATION: GRIMESLAND PIT MITIGATION SITE – PHASE II (YEAR 2 MONITORING)
3.1
SUCCESS CRITERIA
The success criteria state that there must be a minimum mean density of 320 trees per acre within three years of initial planting and a minimum count of 260 trees per acre must be achieved within five years of initial planting. 3.2
DESCRIPTION OF SPECIES
The following species were planted in the Wetland Restoration Area: Phase II: Nyssa sylvatica var. biflora, Swamp Blackgum Fraxinus pennsylvanica, Green Ash Quercus phellos, Willow Oak Quercus nigra, Water Oak Taxodium distichum, Baldcypress Quercus lyrata, Overcup Oak Platanus occidentalis, Sycamore
10
3.3
RESULTS OF VEGETATION MONITORING
41 15 14 22 33 13 10
50 31 31 22 45 26 40
Density (Trees/Acre
Total (at planting)
Sycamore
Overcup Oak
Willow Oak
Water Oak
Swamp Blackgum
Green Ash
7 9 7 3 14 1 4 5 3 3 3 5 1 1 4 11 11 24 4 2 3 3 10 1 5 4 A V E R A G E T R E E D E N S IT Y
Total (Year 2)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Baldcypress
Plot #
Table 2. Vegetation Monitoring Statistics
558 329 307 680 499 340 170 412
Site Notes: Other species noted: black willow, Juncus sp., woolgrass, cattail, Cyperus sp., Scirpus sp., smartweed, volunteer sycamore, volunteer swamp blackgum, and various grasses. Standing water 6” – 12” deep in plot 7. 3.4
CONCLUSIONS
Phase II consisted of approximately 48.8 acres of tree planting. There were seven vegetation-monitoring plots established throughout the Phase II planting areas. The 2004 vegetation monitoring of the site revealed an average tree density of 412 trees per acre in Phase II. This average is above the minimum success criteria of 320 trees per acre. The EEP will begin monitoring the vegetation at the Grimesland Phase II Mitigation Site for the 2005 monitoring year.
11
4.0
OVERALL CONCLUSIONS/ RECOMMENDATIONS
The Grimesland Sand Pit Phase II Mitigation Site was monitored for the second year in 2004. All twenty groundwater-monitoring gauges indicated jurisdictional success of at least 12.5% for the 2004-monitoring year, with fifteen gauges meeting for 100% of the growing season. An analysis of rainfall in nearby Washington, NC shows that the region experienced average rainfall for the year. Therefore, the site the met jurisdictional success criteria under average climatic conditions. Approximately 48.8 acres of the site were planted; seven vegetation plots within this area are used for vegetation monitoring. The established success criteria state that the minimum survival rate in the first three years following planting is 320 trees per acre. Monitoring results showed an average survival rate of 412 trees per acre in the second year. Therefore, the vegetation exceeds the minimum success criteria. Per the letter from the Ecosystem Enhancement Program (EEP) to NCDOT dated August 25, 2004, the EEP has accepted the transfer of all off-site mitigation projects. The EEP will be responsible for fulfilling the remaining monitoring requirements and future remediation for this project.
12
APPENDIX A DEPTH TO GROUNDWATER CHARTS
Rainfall S51744E GSP-GW6 Phase II Date
Required Depth
15-Nov-04
04-Nov-04
24-Oct-04
13-Oct-04
10
End of growing season
43 days 2
Beginning of growing season 1.5
-20 1
-25
-30 0.5
-35 0
Precipitation (in.)
5
02-Oct-04
21-Sep-04
10-Sep-04
41 days
30-Aug-04
19-Aug-04
08-Aug-04
28-Jul-04
17-Jul-04
06-Jul-04
25-Jun-04
80 days
14-Jun-04
03-Jun-04
23-May-04
12-May-04
01-May-04
-10
20-Apr-04
09-Apr-04
29-Mar-04
18-Mar-04
07-Mar-04
-15
25-Feb-04
14-Feb-04
03-Feb-04
23-Jan-04
12-Jan-04
01-Jan-04
Depth to Groundwater (in.)
Grimesland GSP-GW6 Phase II 40" Groundwater 3.5
3
0
-5 2.5
Rainfall S5176AF GSP-GW7 Phase II Date
Required Depth
15-Nov-04
04-Nov-04
24-Oct-04
13-Oct-04
Beginning of growing season
02-Oct-04
21-Sep-04
10-Sep-04
30-Aug-04
19-Aug-04
08-Aug-04
28-Jul-04
17-Jul-04
06-Jul-04
25-Jun-04
14-Jun-04
03-Jun-04
23-May-04
12-May-04
01-May-04
20-Apr-04
09-Apr-04
29-Mar-04
18-Mar-04
07-Mar-04
25-Feb-04
14-Feb-04
03-Feb-04
-15
23-Jan-04
12-Jan-04
01-Jan-04
Depth to Groundwater (in.) 10
5
-5 247 days 2
-10 1.5
End of growing season
-20 1
-25 0.5
-30 0
Precipitation (in.)
Grimesland GSP-GW7 Phase II 40" Groundwater 3.5
3
0 2.5
Rainfall S5171E8 GSP-GW8 Phase II Date
Required Depth
15-Nov-04
04-Nov-04
24-Oct-04
13-Oct-04
Beginning of growing season
02-Oct-04
21-Sep-04
10-Sep-04
30-Aug-04
19-Aug-04
08-Aug-04
28-Jul-04
17-Jul-04
06-Jul-04
25-Jun-04
14-Jun-04
03-Jun-04
23-May-04
12-May-04
01-May-04
20-Apr-04
09-Apr-04
29-Mar-04
18-Mar-04
07-Mar-04
25-Feb-04
-15
14-Feb-04
03-Feb-04
23-Jan-04
12-Jan-04
01-Jan-04
Depth to Groundwater (in.) 10
5
0
-5 247 days 2
-10
End of growing season 1.5
-20 1
-25 0.5
-30 0
Precipitation (in.)
Grimesland GSP-GW8 Phase II 40" Groundwater
3.5
3
2.5
Rainfall S503E59 GSP-GW9 Phase II Date
Required Depth
15-Nov-04
04-Nov-04
24-Oct-04
13-Oct-04
Beginning of growing season
02-Oct-04
21-Sep-04
10-Sep-04
30-Aug-04
19-Aug-04
08-Aug-04
28-Jul-04
17-Jul-04
06-Jul-04
25-Jun-04
14-Jun-04
03-Jun-04
23-May-04
12-May-04
01-May-04
20-Apr-04
09-Apr-04
29-Mar-04
18-Mar-04
07-Mar-04
25-Feb-04
14-Feb-04
-15
03-Feb-04
23-Jan-04
12-Jan-04
01-Jan-04
Depth to Groundwater (in.) 10
5
-5 247 days 2
-10 1.5
End of growing season
-20 1
-25 0.5
-30 0
Precipitation (in.)
Grimesland GSP-GW9 Phase II 40" Groundwater 3.5
3
0 2.5
Rainfall S5043CA GSP-GW10 Phase II Date
Required Depth
15-Nov-04
04-Nov-04
24-Oct-04
13-Oct-04
Beginning of growing season
02-Oct-04
21-Sep-04
-10
10-Sep-04
30-Aug-04
19-Aug-04
08-Aug-04
28-Jul-04
17-Jul-04
06-Jul-04
25-Jun-04
14-Jun-04
03-Jun-04
23-May-04
12-May-04
01-May-04
20-Apr-04
09-Apr-04
29-Mar-04
18-Mar-04
07-Mar-04
25-Feb-04
14-Feb-04
03-Feb-04
23-Jan-04
12-Jan-04
01-Jan-04
Depth to Groundwater (in.) 10
5
-5 2
247 days 1.5
-15 End of growing season
-20 1
-25 0.5
-30 0
Precipitation (in.)
Grimesland GSP-GW10 Phase II 40" Groundwater 3.5
3
0 2.5
Rainfall S51B986 GSP-GW11 Phase II Date
Required Depth
15-Nov-04
04-Nov-04
24-Oct-04
13-Oct-04
-10
02-Oct-04
10
-5 2
88 days 1.5
-15
-20 1
-25 0.5
-30 0
Precipitation (in.)
Beginning of growing season
21-Sep-04
10-Sep-04
30-Aug-04
19-Aug-04
08-Aug-04
28-Jul-04
17-Jul-04
06-Jul-04
25-Jun-04
14-Jun-04
03-Jun-04
23-May-04
12-May-04
01-May-04
20-Apr-04
09-Apr-04
29-Mar-04
18-Mar-04
07-Mar-04
25-Feb-04
14-Feb-04
03-Feb-04
5
23-Jan-04
12-Jan-04
01-Jan-04
Depth to Groundwater (in.)
Grimesland GSP-GW11 Phase II 40" Groundwater
End of growing season 3.5
3
0 2.5
Rainfall S517407 GSP-GW12 Phase II Date
Required Depth
15-Nov-04
04-Nov-04
24-Oct-04
13-Oct-04
02-Oct-04
Beginning of growing season
21-Sep-04
10-Sep-04
30-Aug-04
19-Aug-04
08-Aug-04
28-Jul-04
17-Jul-04
06-Jul-04
25-Jun-04
14-Jun-04
03-Jun-04
23-May-04
12-May-04
01-May-04
20-Apr-04
09-Apr-04
29-Mar-04
18-Mar-04
07-Mar-04
25-Feb-04
14-Feb-04
-15
03-Feb-04
23-Jan-04
12-Jan-04
01-Jan-04
Depth to Groundwater (in.) 10
5
-5 247 days 2
-10
End of growing season 1.5
-20 1
-25 0.5
-30 0
Precipitation (in.)
Grimesland GSP-GW12 Phase II 40" Groundwater 3.5
3
0 2.5
Rainfall S50410D GSP-GW13 Phase II Date
Required Depth
15-Nov-04
04-Nov-04
24-Oct-04
13-Oct-04
02-Oct-04
Beginning of growing season
21-Sep-04
10-Sep-04
30-Aug-04
19-Aug-04
08-Aug-04
28-Jul-04
17-Jul-04
06-Jul-04
25-Jun-04
14-Jun-04
03-Jun-04
23-May-04
12-May-04
01-May-04
20-Apr-04
09-Apr-04
29-Mar-04
18-Mar-04
07-Mar-04
25-Feb-04
14-Feb-04
-15
03-Feb-04
23-Jan-04
12-Jan-04
01-Jan-04
Depth to Groundwater (in.) 10
5
-5 247 days 2
-10 1.5
End of growing season
-20 1
-25 0.5
-30 0
Precipitation (in.)
Grimesland GSP-GW13 Phase II 40" Groundwater 3.5
3
0 2.5
Rainfall S50448D GSP-GW14 Phase II Date
Required Depth
15-Nov-04
04-Nov-04
24-Oct-04
13-Oct-04
02-Oct-04
Beginning of growing season
21-Sep-04
-5
10-Sep-04
30-Aug-04
19-Aug-04
08-Aug-04
28-Jul-04
17-Jul-04
06-Jul-04
25-Jun-04
14-Jun-04
03-Jun-04
23-May-04
12-May-04
01-May-04
20-Apr-04
09-Apr-04
29-Mar-04
18-Mar-04
07-Mar-04
25-Feb-04
14-Feb-04
-15
03-Feb-04
23-Jan-04
12-Jan-04
01-Jan-04
Depth to Groundwater (in.) 10
5
247 days 2
-10 1.5
End of growing season
-20 1
-25 0.5
-30 0
Precipitation (in.)
Grimesland GSP-GW14 Phase II 40" Groundwater 3.5
3
0 2.5
Rainfall S503E58 GSP-GW15 Phase II Date
Required Depth
15-Nov-04
04-Nov-04
24-Oct-04
13-Oct-04
Beginning of growing season
02-Oct-04
21-Sep-04
10-Sep-04
30-Aug-04
19-Aug-04
08-Aug-04
28-Jul-04
17-Jul-04
06-Jul-04
25-Jun-04
14-Jun-04
03-Jun-04
23-May-04
12-May-04
01-May-04
20-Apr-04
09-Apr-04
29-Mar-04
18-Mar-04
07-Mar-04
25-Feb-04
14-Feb-04
03-Feb-04
-15
23-Jan-04
12-Jan-04
01-Jan-04
Depth to Groundwater (in.) 10
5
-5 247 days 2
-10 1.5
End of growing season
-20 1
-25 0.5
-30 0
Precipitation (in.)
Grimesland GSP-GW15 Phase II 40" Groundwater 3.5
3
0 2.5
Rainfall S50457E GSP-GW16 Phase II Date
Required Depth
15-Nov-04
04-Nov-04
24-Oct-04
13-Oct-04
02-Oct-04
Beginning of growing season
21-Sep-04
-5
10-Sep-04
30-Aug-04
19-Aug-04
08-Aug-04
28-Jul-04
17-Jul-04
06-Jul-04
25-Jun-04
14-Jun-04
03-Jun-04
23-May-04
12-May-04
01-May-04
20-Apr-04
09-Apr-04
29-Mar-04
18-Mar-04
07-Mar-04
25-Feb-04
14-Feb-04
03-Feb-04
-15
23-Jan-04
12-Jan-04
01-Jan-04
Depth to Groundwater (in.) 10
5
247 days 2
-10 1.5
End of growing season
-20 1
-25 0.5
-30 0
Precipitation (in.)
Grimesland GSP-GW16 Phase II 40" Groundwater 3.5
3
0 2.5
Rainfall S504321 GSP-GW17 Phase II Date
Required Depth
15-Nov-04
04-Nov-04
24-Oct-04
13-Oct-04
Beginning of growing season
02-Oct-04
21-Sep-04
10-Sep-04
30-Aug-04
19-Aug-04
08-Aug-04
28-Jul-04
17-Jul-04
06-Jul-04
25-Jun-04
14-Jun-04
03-Jun-04
23-May-04
12-May-04
01-May-04
20-Apr-04
09-Apr-04
29-Mar-04
18-Mar-04
07-Mar-04
25-Feb-04
14-Feb-04
-15
03-Feb-04
23-Jan-04
12-Jan-04
01-Jan-04
Depth to Groundwater (in.) 10
5
-5 242 days 2
-10 1.5
End of growing season
-20 1
-25 0.5
-30 0
Precipitation (in.)
Grimesland GSP-GW17 Phase II 40" Groundwater 3.5
3
0 2.5
Rainfall S2EACB5 GSP-GW18 Phase II Date
Required Depth
15-Nov-04
04-Nov-04
24-Oct-04
13-Oct-04
Beginning of growing season
02-Oct-04
21-Sep-04
10-Sep-04
30-Aug-04
19-Aug-04
08-Aug-04
28-Jul-04
17-Jul-04
06-Jul-04
25-Jun-04
14-Jun-04
03-Jun-04
23-May-04
12-May-04
01-May-04
20-Apr-04
09-Apr-04
29-Mar-04
18-Mar-04
07-Mar-04
25-Feb-04
14-Feb-04
03-Feb-04
-15
23-Jan-04
12-Jan-04
01-Jan-04
Depth to Groundwater (in.) 10
5
-5 247 days 2
-10 1.5
End of growing season
-20 1
-25 0.5
-30 0
Precipitation (in.)
Grimesland GSP-GW18 Phase II 40" Groundwater 3.5
3
0 2.5
Rainfall S2EACB7 GSP-GW19 Phase II Date
Required Depth
15-Nov-04
04-Nov-04
24-Oct-04
13-Oct-04
Beginning of growing season
02-Oct-04
21-Sep-04
10-Sep-04
30-Aug-04
19-Aug-04
08-Aug-04
28-Jul-04
17-Jul-04
06-Jul-04
25-Jun-04
14-Jun-04
03-Jun-04
23-May-04
12-May-04
01-May-04
20-Apr-04
09-Apr-04
29-Mar-04
18-Mar-04
07-Mar-04
25-Feb-04
14-Feb-04
-15
03-Feb-04
23-Jan-04
12-Jan-04
01-Jan-04
Depth to Groundwater (in.) 10
5
-5 247 days 2
-10 1.5
End of growing season
-20 1
-25 0.5
-30 0
Precipitation (in.)
Grimesland GSP-GW19 Phase II 40" Groundwater 3.5
3
0 2.5
Rainfall S504037 GSP-GW20 Phase II Date
Required Depth
15-Nov-04
04-Nov-04
24-Oct-04
13-Oct-04
02-Oct-04
Beginning of growing season
21-Sep-04
10-Sep-04
30-Aug-04
19-Aug-04
08-Aug-04
28-Jul-04
17-Jul-04
06-Jul-04
25-Jun-04
-5
14-Jun-04
03-Jun-04
23-May-04
12-May-04
01-May-04
20-Apr-04
09-Apr-04
29-Mar-04
18-Mar-04
07-Mar-04
25-Feb-04
14-Feb-04
03-Feb-04
-15
23-Jan-04
12-Jan-04
01-Jan-04
Depth to Groundwater (in.) 10
5
247 days 2
-10 1.5
End of growing season
-20 1
-25 0.5
-30 0
Precipitation (in.)
Grimesland GSP-GW20 Phase II 40" Groundwater 3.5
3
0 2.5
Rainfall S503FC8 GSP-GW21 Phase II Date
Required Depth
15-Nov-04
04-Nov-04
24-Oct-04
13-Oct-04
02-Oct-04
Beginning of growing season
21-Sep-04
10-Sep-04
30-Aug-04
19-Aug-04
08-Aug-04
28-Jul-04
17-Jul-04
06-Jul-04
25-Jun-04
14-Jun-04
03-Jun-04
23-May-04
12-May-04
01-May-04
20-Apr-04
09-Apr-04
29-Mar-04
18-Mar-04
07-Mar-04
25-Feb-04
14-Feb-04
03-Feb-04
-5
23-Jan-04
12-Jan-04
01-Jan-04
Depth to Groundwater (in.) 10
5
End of growing season
247 days 2
-10 1.5
-15
-20 1
-25 0.5
-30 0
Precipitation (in.)
Grimesland GSP-GW21 Phase II 40" Groundwater 3.5
3
0 2.5
Rainfall S213FC9 GSP-GW22 Phase II Date
Required Depth
15-Nov-04
04-Nov-04
24-Oct-04
13-Oct-04
Beginning of growing season
02-Oct-04
21-Sep-04
67 days
10-Sep-04
30-Aug-04
19-Aug-04
08-Aug-04
28-Jul-04
17-Jul-04
06-Jul-04
25-Jun-04
14-Jun-04
03-Jun-04
23-May-04
12-May-04
01-May-04
20-Apr-04
-5
09-Apr-04
29-Mar-04
18-Mar-04
07-Mar-04
25-Feb-04
14-Feb-04
-15
03-Feb-04
23-Jan-04
12-Jan-04
01-Jan-04
Depth to Groundwater (in.) 10
5 Gauge Malfunction
83 days 2
-10
End of growing season 1.5
-20 1
-25 0.5
-30 0
Precipitation (in.)
Grimesland GSP-GW22 Phase II 40" Groundwater 3.5
3
0 2.5
Rainfall S50449D GSP-GW23 Phase II Date
Required Depth
15-Nov-04
04-Nov-04
24-Oct-04
13-Oct-04
02-Oct-04
21-Sep-04
10-Sep-04
Beginning of growing season
30-Aug-04
19-Aug-04
08-Aug-04
28-Jul-04
17-Jul-04
06-Jul-04
25-Jun-04
14-Jun-04
03-Jun-04
23-May-04
12-May-04
01-May-04
20-Apr-04
09-Apr-04
29-Mar-04
18-Mar-04
07-Mar-04
25-Feb-04
14-Feb-04
03-Feb-04
23-Jan-04
-15
12-Jan-04
01-Jan-04
Depth to Groundwater (in.) 10
5
-5 247 days 2
-10 1.5
End of growing season
-20 1
-25 0.5
-30 0
Precipitation (in.)
Grimesland GSP-GW23 Phase II 40" Groundwater 3.5
3
0 2.5
Rainfall S1EC72B GSP-GW24 Phase II Date
Required Depth
15-Nov-04
04-Nov-04
24-Oct-04
13-Oct-04
135 days
02-Oct-04
Beginning of growing season
21-Sep-04
10-Sep-04
30-Aug-04
19-Aug-04
08-Aug-04
10
Gauge Malfunction
83 days 2
-10 1.5
End of growing season
-20 1
-25 0.5
-30 0
Precipitation (in.)
5
28-Jul-04
17-Jul-04
06-Jul-04
25-Jun-04
-5
14-Jun-04
03-Jun-04
23-May-04
12-May-04
01-May-04
20-Apr-04
09-Apr-04
29-Mar-04
18-Mar-04
07-Mar-04
25-Feb-04
14-Feb-04
-15
03-Feb-04
23-Jan-04
12-Jan-04
01-Jan-04
Depth to Groundwater (in.)
Grimesland GSP-GW24 Phase II 40" Groundwater 3.5
3
0 2.5
Rainfall S2EACBE GSP-GW25 Phase II Date
Required Depth
15-Nov-04
04-Nov-04
24-Oct-04
13-Oct-04
Beginning of growing season
02-Oct-04
21-Sep-04
10-Sep-04
30-Aug-04
19-Aug-04
08-Aug-04
28-Jul-04
17-Jul-04
06-Jul-04
25-Jun-04
14-Jun-04
03-Jun-04
23-May-04
12-May-04
01-May-04
20-Apr-04
09-Apr-04
29-Mar-04
18-Mar-04
07-Mar-04
25-Feb-04
14-Feb-04
-15
03-Feb-04
23-Jan-04
12-Jan-04
01-Jan-04
Depth to Groundwater (in.) 10
5
-5 247 days 2
-10 1.5
End of growing season
-20 1
-25 0.5
-30 0
Precipitation (in.)
Grimesland GSP-GW25 Phase II 40" Groundwater 3.5
3
0 2.5
APPENDIX B SITE PHOTOS AND PHOTO AND PLOT LOCATIONS MAP
Grimesland Pit – Phase II
Photo 1
Photo 2
Photo 3
Photo 4
Photo 5 2004
Grimesland Sand Pit Phase II Site Pitt County Project No. 8.T221801 TIP No. R-2510 WM
Office of Natural Environment & Roadside Environmental Unit North Carolina Department of Transportation December 2004
TABLE OF CONTENTS SUMMARY...................................................................................................................... 1 1.0
2.0
INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................. 2 1.1
PROJECT DESCRIPTION......................................................................... 2
1.2
PURPOSE ................................................................................................. 2
1.3
PROJECT HISTORY ................................................................................. 2
HYDROLOGY....................................................................................................... 4 2.1
SUCCESS CRITERIA................................................................................ 4
2.2
HYDROLOGIC DESCRIPTION ................................................................. 4
2.3
RESULTS OF HYDROLOGIC MONITORING ........................................... 4 2.3.1 Site Data ......................................................................................... 4 2.3.2 Climatic Data................................................................................... 8
2.4 3.0
4.0
CONCLUSIONS ........................................................................................ 8
VEGETATION: GRIMESLAND PHASE II MITIGATION SITE ........................... 10 3.1
SUCCESS CRITERIA.............................................................................. 10
3.2
DESCRIPTION OF SPECIES.................................................................. 10
3.3
RESULTS OF VEGETATION MONITORING .......................................... 11
3.4
CONCLUSIONS ...................................................................................... 11
OVERALL CONCLUSIONS................................................................................ 12
LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1.
Grimesland Phase II Site Location Map..................................................... 3
Figure 2.
Grimesland Phase II Gauge Location Map ................................................ 5
Figure 3.
2004 Grimesland Phase II Site Hydrologic Monitoring Results.................. 7
Figure 4.
Grimesland Phase II 30-70 Percentile Graph ............................................ 9
LIST OF TABLES Table 1.
2004 Phase II Hydrologic Monitoring Results ............................................ 6
Table 2.
Vegetation Monitoring Statistics............................................................... 11
APPENDICES APPENDIX A
DEPTH TO GROUNDWATER CHARTS
APPENDIX B
SITE PHOTOS AND PHOTO AND PLOT LOCATIONS MAP
SUMMARY The following report summarizes the monitoring activities that have occurred in the past year for Phase II of the Grimesland Sand Pit Mitigation Site. This site was constructed to serve as a wetland mitigation site for road projects taking place in the Lower Tar River portion of the Tar-Pamlico River Basin in North Carolina. The site will be constructed in three phases. Phase II construction was completed in 2003 and planting occurred in February of 2003. The site is monitored for hydrology using twenty groundwater-monitoring gauges and one rain gauge. The site is monitored for vegetation using seven vegetation plots, which are representative of the 48.8 acres planted in trees on the Grimesland Sand Pit Site Phase II. The 2004-year represents the second year of hydrology and vegetation monitoring following construction. The site must demonstrate hydrologic and vegetation success for a minimum of five years or until the project is deemed successful. Results for both hydrologic and vegetation monitoring indicate that the site is meeting success. The hydrologic data for 2004 demonstrates that the Phase II site met jurisdictional success with all twenty groundwater gauges exceeding the 12.5% minimum success criterion, with fifteen gauges meeting 100% during the growing season. Vegetation monitoring yielded 412 trees per acre, which is above the minimum success criteria for the second year of monitoring. Per the letter from the Ecosystem Enhancement Program (EEP) to NCDOT dated August 25, 2004, the EEP has accepted the transfer of all off-site mitigation projects. The EEP will be responsible for fulfilling the remaining monitoring requirements and future remediation for this project.
1
1.0 1.1
INTRODUCTION PROJECT DESCRIPTION
The 550-acre Grimesland Sand Pit Mitigation Site (herein after referred to as “the site”) is located in Pitt County near the community of Grimesland. The site is currently owned and mined by NCDOT. The site is bounded on the north and the east by Grindle Creek, on the west by croplands and pine plantation, and on the south by the floodplain of the Tar River and the Tar River itself (Figure 1). The site serves as a regional wetland mitigation site for NCDOT roadway projects that would impact similar sites located in the Lower Tar River Sub-Basin. The site includes the creation of 58 acres of forested riverine wetlands (cypress-gum swamp and coastal plain bottomland hardwoods), the creation of 2 acres of emergent wetlands on submerged benches, the preservation of 348 acres of riverine wetland ecosystem, the preservation of 29.59 acres of riparian buffer and the enhancement of aquatic habitat within 80 acres of flooded abandoned borrow pits. 1.2
PURPOSE
In order to demonstrate successful mitigation, hydrologic and vegetative monitoring must be conducted for a minimum of five years or until success criteria are satisfied. Success criteria are based on federal guidelines for wetland mitigation. These guidelines stipulate criteria for both hydrologic conditions and vegetation survival. The following report details the results of hydrologic and vegetative monitoring during the 2004-growing season at the Grimesland Sand Pit Site. 1.3
PROJECT HISTORY
2003 February 2003
Construction-Phase II Phase II Planted
March- November 2003
Hydrologic Monitoring (1 yr.)
June 2003
Vegetation Monitoring (1 yr.)
March- November 2004
Hydrologic Monitoring (1 yr.)
June 2004
Vegetation Monitoring (2 yr.)
2
Figure 1. Grimesland Phase II Site Location Map
N
3
2.0
HYDROLOGY
2.1
SUCCESS CRITERIA
In accordance with federal guidelines for wetland mitigation, the success criteria for hydrology state that the area must be inundated or saturated (within 12” of the surface) by surface or groundwater for at least a consecutive 12.5% of the growing season. Areas inundated less than 5% of the growing season are always classified as nonwetlands. Areas inundated between 5% - 12.5% of the growing season can be classified as wetlands depending upon other factors, such as the presence of hydrophytic vegetation and hydric soils. The growing season in Pitt County begins March 15 and ends November 16. These dates correspond to a 50% probability that temperatures will remain above 28o F or higher after March 15 and before November 16.1 The growing season is 247 days; therefore, the optimum duration for wetland hydrology is 31 days. Also, local climate must represent average conditions for the area. 2.2
HYDROLOGIC DESCRIPTION
Twenty groundwater gauges were installed in the Phase II area in April 2003 (Figure 2). The automatic monitoring gauges record daily readings of the groundwater depth. The 2004 data represents the second full growing season during which the water table was monitored in the Phase II area. A rain gauge installed onsite records daily rainfall totals; these rain events are incorporated into the monitoring results to examine how the site’s groundwater level responds to rainfall. 2.3
RESULTS OF HYDROLOGIC MONITORING
2.3.1 Site Data The maximum number of consecutive days that the groundwater was within twelve inches of the surface was determined for each groundwater-monitoring gauge. This number was converted into a percentage of the 247-day growing season (March 15 – November 16). Table 1 shows the hydrologic results for 2004; Figure 3 is a graphical representation of these results. In Figure 3, a blue dot indicates the gauge showed success for more than 12.5% of the growing season; a red dot, between 8 and 12.5%; a green dot, between 5 and 8%, and a black dot, less than 5%.
1
Soil Conservation Service, Soil Survey of Pitt County, North Carolina, p.71. 4
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wb A
wb
wb
A
A
cg
wb
A
cg
gw20 A
cg wb AA
A
wb
cg
A
wb
A
wb A
A
cg
A
cg A
A
cg
cg
cg
A
cg A
cg
A
cg
A
cg A
A
A A
cg
cg
cg
cg
cg29 A
A
wb A cg14 A
A
A
cg16 A
wb A cg13 A
A
A
wbcg28 A
wb
cg15 wb
wb
wb A cg27 A
cg17 A wb A
wb cg12 A
cg18 wb A A
A
A A
#GW19
wb cg11 A
cg29 A wb A
cg10 wb
wb A cg10 A
A
cg18wb A A
re
A
A cg5
wb
gw19 A
cg19wb AA wb A cg9 A A
wb A cg6
cg A wb A
A A
wb
A
cg
wb A cg25 A
cg19 A wb A
re
cg30 A wb A
cg4 A
A
GW8
A
#
re
cg3 A
A A
GW9
#
gw8 A
# A
cg2
cg1 A
GW6
# A
gw6
gw25 A
wb cg21 A A
cg A wb A
A
wb cg22 A A
cg Awb
A cg23wb AA
cg A
wb
A
A
cgwb A
A
cg32 A
cg
wb A
GW11
cg
wb A cg A cg35 A wb A
#
A
wb cg A
GW12
gw11
cg A wb A
A
wb
A
wb
gg A
#
cg37 A wb A
cg38A A
wb
GW13
cg A wb A
A
A A
wb
gw12 A
gg
A
A wb
cg
#
cg A wb cg39 A
cg A wb A A
wb cg40 A wb
cg
wb
A
cg33 A
cg64 A wb A
cg35 wb A
cg36 A wb A
cg37 A wb A
A
cgwb A
A
cg wb
A
A
wb
cg
gw18 A
A
A
A
#GW18
wb
A
gw7
A
cg Awb cg31 A wb A
A
gw10
cg A wb A
cg24 A
cg31 A wb A
A
A
#
wb
wb cg24 A A
cg wb AA
GW7 A
cg Awb
cg wb A
gw9 A
re
A
wbcg AA
wb A cg8 A
GW10 A
wb A cg20 A
wb A cg9 A
wb3 cg7 A
cg41 A
wb cg A
wb cg42 A
A
cgA
wb
gw13 A
cg46 A
A
cgA
A
wb
A
A
wb
wb cg43 A
wb cg A
wb
A
A
wb Acg
A
wbA
cg
cg47 A
A
A
A
cg A
cgA
wb
cg44 A
cg45 A A
wb
wb
wb
A
cg
cg A wb A
A
wb
A
A
cg
cg wb A
cg A wb A A
A
cg
cg
A
A
cg
cg
wbcg AA A A
cg A
cg
A
cg
cg
A A
cg
wb A
cg
A
cg cg A
A
cg
GW14 A
cg
A
#
cg
A
cg
gw14 A
A
cg
A A
A
cg
A A
A
cg
cg
cg
A
cg A
A
cg
cg
cg A
cg
A
cg
A
cg
cg A
A
cg
cg
A
cg A
A wbcg AA A
cg
wb A
A
A
wb A
cg
A
A
wb
wb cgA
cg
cg A wb A
A
cgA wb
A
A A A
cg
cg
cg
cg
cg
A
A A
wb
A
cg
GW17 A
wb
GW15
cg A
A
cg A
A
cg A wb
# A
cg
A
A
cg A
A
wb
cg
A
A
cg
A
cg
A
# A
wb
A
cg
A
GW16
cg
wbcg AA
#
A
A
A
wb
A
cg
A A
wb
cg Acg
cg
cg
A A
A
cg
cg
cg A
cg wb A A
gw16 A
A
wb A cg
cg
A
A
A
wb cg A A
A
cg
A
cg
wb
cg
cg
cg
A
wb
cg A
Phase II
Figure 2. Gauge Location Map N
0
300 Feet
A
cg
cg
gw15 A
A
cg A wb
A
300
wb cg A
wb
gw17 A
A
A
A
cg
A
wb
cg wbwb AA
cg
wb
wb
cg A wb
cgA wb
Table 1. 2004 Phase II Hydrologic Monitoring Results Monitoring Gauge
< 5%
5 – 8%
8 – 12%
> 12.5%
Actual %
Success Dates
GSP-GW6+
r
32.4
GSP-GW7+
r
100
March 15-June 2 June 5-July 15 Aug 13-Sept 24 April 30-Nov 16
GSP-GW8+
r
100
April 30-Nov 16
GSP-GW9+
r
100
April 30-Nov 16
GSP-GW10+
r
100
April 30-Nov 16
GSP-GW11+
r
35.6
Aug 13-Nov 8
GSP-GW12+
r
100
April 30-Nov 16
GSP-GW13+
r
100
April 30-Nov 16
GSP-GW14+
r
100
April 30-Nov 16
GSP-GW15+
r
100
April 30-Nov 16
GSP-GW16+
r
100
April 30-Nov 16
GSP-GW17+
r
98
April 30-Nov 11
GSP-GW18+
r
100
April 30-Nov 16
GSP-GW19+
r
100
April 30-Nov 16
GSP-GW20+
r
100
April 30-Nov 16
GSP-GW21+
r
100
GSP-GW22+
r
33.6
GSP-GW23+
r
100
GSP-GW24+
r
54.7
GSP-GW25+
r
100
April 30-Nov 16 April 30-May 20 Aug 26-Nov 16 April 30-Nov 16 April 30-July 27 Aug 26-Nov 16 April 30-Nov 16
+ Gauge met the success criterion during an average rainfall month (February, April, May, August, September, October, and November). Appendix A contains plots of the groundwater depth at each monitoring gauge location during 2004. In addition to documenting the water table level relative to the ground surface, these monitoring gauge graphs are designed to show the reaction of the groundwater level to specific rainfall events. The maximum number of consecutive days that the gauge indicates successful hydrology is noted on each graph. Precipitation events recorded by the onsite rain gauge are also included on each graph. Plots of the data recorded at each of the two surface water gauges are included in Appendix A. 6
Acg
Acg
Acg
Acg
Acg
Acg
GW25 #
Acg
Acg
Acg
Acg
Acg
Acg
#GW24 Acg
Acg
Acg
Acg
Acg
Acg Acg
Acg
Acg
Acg
Acg
gw24 A
Acg
Acg
Acg
Acg
Acg
Acg
# GW23 Acg
Acg
Awb
Acg
Acg
Acg
gw23 A
Acg
GW22#
Acg
Acg
Awb
Awb
Acg Awb
gw22 A
Acg
Awb
Acg
Awb
Awb
Acg
Awb
GW21 #
Acg
Acg
Acg Awb Acg Awb
#GW20
Acg
gw21 A
Acg
Acg
Acg
Awb
Awb Acg Awb Acg
Awb
Awb Acg
Awb
Acg
Awb
gw20 A
Acg
Acg
Awb Acg
Awb
Acg
Awb
Awb
Acg
Acg
Acg
Acg
Acg
Acg
Acg
Acg
Acg Acg
Acg
Acg Acg
cg29 A Awb cg28 AwbA
Awb Acg14
cg15 A Awb
cg16 A Awbcg13 A
Awb
Awb cg27 A
cg17 A
cg12 Awb A
Awb
Acg18A
wb
#GW19
Awb cg11 A
Acg29 Awb
wb A cg10 A Awb Acg10
cg18 A Awb
Are
Awb cg5 A
gw19 A
cg19 wb AA Awb Acg9 Awb Acg6
Acg Awb Acg
GW8
A
cg19 A Awb
Awb Are
wb cg25 A
cg30 A Awb
Acg4
Are
#
Acg3
cg20 Awb A
Awb cg9 A
wb3 A Acg7
Acg Awb
Awb cg8 A
GW9
Acg Awb Acg Awb
Awb cg21 A
Acg Awb
#
gw8 A
gw25 A
cg22 Awb A
Acg Awb
gw9 A
GW10
#
Awb cg23 Awb A
cg31 A Awb
Acg Awb cg31 A Awb
Acg Awb
Awb
cg2 A
cg1 A
GW6
# gw6 A
Awb
cg32 A
Acg
Awb
cg33 A
cg64 A Awb
cg35 A Awb
cg36 A Awb
Agw18
cg37 A Awb
Awb Acg A
wb Acg
GW11
Awb Acg
cg35 A Awb
Awb
#
GW7
Acg
GW12
gw11 A
#
#GW18
Acg
Awb Acg
Agw10
Are
cg24 A
Awb cg24 A Acg Awb
#
cg37 A Awb
cg38A A
wb
gw12 A
Agg Awb
Agg Awb
gw7 A
Acg Awb
GW13
Acg Awb
Acg Awb
Acg Awb
#
cg39 A Awb Acg Acg Awb
Acg Awb
Awb
cg40 A Awb
Acg
cg41 A
Awb Awb Acg
Awb cg42 A
Awb Acg
gw13 A
cg46 A Awb Acg
Awb
A
wb cg43 A
Awb Acg
Acg Awb
cg47 A
Awb Acg
Awb
Awb Awb
Acg
Acg44 cg45 A Awb
Acg
Awb Acg
Acg Awb
Acg Awb
Acg
Acg Awb
Awb
Acg
Acg
Acg
Acg Awb Acg Acg
Acg
Acg
Acg
Acg Awb
Acg
Acg Acg
Acg
GW14 Acg
#
Acg
Acg
gw14 A
Acg
Acg Acg
Acg
Acg Acg Acg Acg
Acg Acg
Acg
Acg
Acg Acg Acg
Acg Awb Acg
Acg
Awb
wb A Acg Awb
Acg
Acg Awb Acg
Acg Acg Acg
AcgAwb
Awb Acg
Awb
Acg
Acg
Acg
Awb Acg
Awb
GW17
GW15
Awb
Acg
# Acg
Acg Awb
Awb Acg
Awb
Acg
Acg
Acg
gw17 A
Acg
Awb
Acg Awb
Acg
Acg
Acg
Awb
# gw15 A
A
Awb Acg
Acg Awb
Acg Awb
AwbAcg
Acg cg Awb
Awb Awb
Acg
GW16
#
Acg
Acg
Acg
Acg
Acg Acg Awb
Acg
Acg
Acg
Awb Acg Awb
gw16 A
Acg Awb
Acg
Acg
Acg
Phase II
Awb
Acg Acg
Acg Awb
Figure 3. 2004 Hydrologic Monitoring Results Hydrology Results # < 5% # 5 - 8% # 8 - 12% # >12.5%
Gauge ð Rain Surface Gauge
N
#³
300
0
300 Feet
2.3.2 Climatic Data Figure 4 is a graph of monthly rainfall for the period of November 2003 through November 2004 compared to historical precipitation data (collected between 1973 and 2004) for Washington, North Carolina. The NC State Climate Office provided the rainfall data. The comparison of 2004 rainfall versus historical values gives an indication of how 2004 compares to historical climate conditions. For the 2004 monitoring year, December (03’) and June experienced above average rainfall. The months of January, March, and June recorded below average rainfall and November (03’), February, April, May, August, September, October, and November experienced average rainfall. Overall, 2004 experienced an average rainfall year. 2.4
CONCLUSIONS
The 2004-year concludes the second complete year of hydrology monitoring at the Grimesland Phase II Site. The 2004 data shows that the Phase II site met jurisdictional success with all twenty groundwater gauges exceeding the 12.5% minimum success criterion (fifteen gauges met for the entire growing season). A comparison of 2004 rainfall versus historical precipitation shows that 2004 experienced average rainfall conditions. EEP will begin monitoring the hydrology at the Grimesland Phase II Mitigation Site for the 2005 monitoring year.
8
Figure 4. Grimesland Phase II 30-70 Percentile Graph, Washington, NC
Grimesland 30-70 Graph Washington, NC Monthly Precipitation 8
7 Rainfall data for May-July w as used from the onsite rain gauge
6
Precipitation (in)
70th Percentile 5
30th Percentile 4
3
2
1
0 Nov 03'
Dec 03'
Jan 04'
Feb 04'
Mar 04'
Apr 04'
May 04'
Jun 04'
Jul 04'
Aug 04'
Sep 04'
Oct 04'
Date
2003
2004
30 Percentile
9
70 percentile
Nov 04'
Dec 04'
3.0
VEGETATION: GRIMESLAND PIT MITIGATION SITE – PHASE II (YEAR 2 MONITORING)
3.1
SUCCESS CRITERIA
The success criteria state that there must be a minimum mean density of 320 trees per acre within three years of initial planting and a minimum count of 260 trees per acre must be achieved within five years of initial planting. 3.2
DESCRIPTION OF SPECIES
The following species were planted in the Wetland Restoration Area: Phase II: Nyssa sylvatica var. biflora, Swamp Blackgum Fraxinus pennsylvanica, Green Ash Quercus phellos, Willow Oak Quercus nigra, Water Oak Taxodium distichum, Baldcypress Quercus lyrata, Overcup Oak Platanus occidentalis, Sycamore
10
3.3
RESULTS OF VEGETATION MONITORING
41 15 14 22 33 13 10
50 31 31 22 45 26 40
Density (Trees/Acre
Total (at planting)
Sycamore
Overcup Oak
Willow Oak
Water Oak
Swamp Blackgum
Green Ash
7 9 7 3 14 1 4 5 3 3 3 5 1 1 4 11 11 24 4 2 3 3 10 1 5 4 A V E R A G E T R E E D E N S IT Y
Total (Year 2)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Baldcypress
Plot #
Table 2. Vegetation Monitoring Statistics
558 329 307 680 499 340 170 412
Site Notes: Other species noted: black willow, Juncus sp., woolgrass, cattail, Cyperus sp., Scirpus sp., smartweed, volunteer sycamore, volunteer swamp blackgum, and various grasses. Standing water 6” – 12” deep in plot 7. 3.4
CONCLUSIONS
Phase II consisted of approximately 48.8 acres of tree planting. There were seven vegetation-monitoring plots established throughout the Phase II planting areas. The 2004 vegetation monitoring of the site revealed an average tree density of 412 trees per acre in Phase II. This average is above the minimum success criteria of 320 trees per acre. The EEP will begin monitoring the vegetation at the Grimesland Phase II Mitigation Site for the 2005 monitoring year.
11
4.0
OVERALL CONCLUSIONS/ RECOMMENDATIONS
The Grimesland Sand Pit Phase II Mitigation Site was monitored for the second year in 2004. All twenty groundwater-monitoring gauges indicated jurisdictional success of at least 12.5% for the 2004-monitoring year, with fifteen gauges meeting for 100% of the growing season. An analysis of rainfall in nearby Washington, NC shows that the region experienced average rainfall for the year. Therefore, the site the met jurisdictional success criteria under average climatic conditions. Approximately 48.8 acres of the site were planted; seven vegetation plots within this area are used for vegetation monitoring. The established success criteria state that the minimum survival rate in the first three years following planting is 320 trees per acre. Monitoring results showed an average survival rate of 412 trees per acre in the second year. Therefore, the vegetation exceeds the minimum success criteria. Per the letter from the Ecosystem Enhancement Program (EEP) to NCDOT dated August 25, 2004, the EEP has accepted the transfer of all off-site mitigation projects. The EEP will be responsible for fulfilling the remaining monitoring requirements and future remediation for this project.
12
APPENDIX A DEPTH TO GROUNDWATER CHARTS
Rainfall S51744E GSP-GW6 Phase II Date
Required Depth
15-Nov-04
04-Nov-04
24-Oct-04
13-Oct-04
10
End of growing season
43 days 2
Beginning of growing season 1.5
-20 1
-25
-30 0.5
-35 0
Precipitation (in.)
5
02-Oct-04
21-Sep-04
10-Sep-04
41 days
30-Aug-04
19-Aug-04
08-Aug-04
28-Jul-04
17-Jul-04
06-Jul-04
25-Jun-04
80 days
14-Jun-04
03-Jun-04
23-May-04
12-May-04
01-May-04
-10
20-Apr-04
09-Apr-04
29-Mar-04
18-Mar-04
07-Mar-04
-15
25-Feb-04
14-Feb-04
03-Feb-04
23-Jan-04
12-Jan-04
01-Jan-04
Depth to Groundwater (in.)
Grimesland GSP-GW6 Phase II 40" Groundwater 3.5
3
0
-5 2.5
Rainfall S5176AF GSP-GW7 Phase II Date
Required Depth
15-Nov-04
04-Nov-04
24-Oct-04
13-Oct-04
Beginning of growing season
02-Oct-04
21-Sep-04
10-Sep-04
30-Aug-04
19-Aug-04
08-Aug-04
28-Jul-04
17-Jul-04
06-Jul-04
25-Jun-04
14-Jun-04
03-Jun-04
23-May-04
12-May-04
01-May-04
20-Apr-04
09-Apr-04
29-Mar-04
18-Mar-04
07-Mar-04
25-Feb-04
14-Feb-04
03-Feb-04
-15
23-Jan-04
12-Jan-04
01-Jan-04
Depth to Groundwater (in.) 10
5
-5 247 days 2
-10 1.5
End of growing season
-20 1
-25 0.5
-30 0
Precipitation (in.)
Grimesland GSP-GW7 Phase II 40" Groundwater 3.5
3
0 2.5
Rainfall S5171E8 GSP-GW8 Phase II Date
Required Depth
15-Nov-04
04-Nov-04
24-Oct-04
13-Oct-04
Beginning of growing season
02-Oct-04
21-Sep-04
10-Sep-04
30-Aug-04
19-Aug-04
08-Aug-04
28-Jul-04
17-Jul-04
06-Jul-04
25-Jun-04
14-Jun-04
03-Jun-04
23-May-04
12-May-04
01-May-04
20-Apr-04
09-Apr-04
29-Mar-04
18-Mar-04
07-Mar-04
25-Feb-04
-15
14-Feb-04
03-Feb-04
23-Jan-04
12-Jan-04
01-Jan-04
Depth to Groundwater (in.) 10
5
0
-5 247 days 2
-10
End of growing season 1.5
-20 1
-25 0.5
-30 0
Precipitation (in.)
Grimesland GSP-GW8 Phase II 40" Groundwater
3.5
3
2.5
Rainfall S503E59 GSP-GW9 Phase II Date
Required Depth
15-Nov-04
04-Nov-04
24-Oct-04
13-Oct-04
Beginning of growing season
02-Oct-04
21-Sep-04
10-Sep-04
30-Aug-04
19-Aug-04
08-Aug-04
28-Jul-04
17-Jul-04
06-Jul-04
25-Jun-04
14-Jun-04
03-Jun-04
23-May-04
12-May-04
01-May-04
20-Apr-04
09-Apr-04
29-Mar-04
18-Mar-04
07-Mar-04
25-Feb-04
14-Feb-04
-15
03-Feb-04
23-Jan-04
12-Jan-04
01-Jan-04
Depth to Groundwater (in.) 10
5
-5 247 days 2
-10 1.5
End of growing season
-20 1
-25 0.5
-30 0
Precipitation (in.)
Grimesland GSP-GW9 Phase II 40" Groundwater 3.5
3
0 2.5
Rainfall S5043CA GSP-GW10 Phase II Date
Required Depth
15-Nov-04
04-Nov-04
24-Oct-04
13-Oct-04
Beginning of growing season
02-Oct-04
21-Sep-04
-10
10-Sep-04
30-Aug-04
19-Aug-04
08-Aug-04
28-Jul-04
17-Jul-04
06-Jul-04
25-Jun-04
14-Jun-04
03-Jun-04
23-May-04
12-May-04
01-May-04
20-Apr-04
09-Apr-04
29-Mar-04
18-Mar-04
07-Mar-04
25-Feb-04
14-Feb-04
03-Feb-04
23-Jan-04
12-Jan-04
01-Jan-04
Depth to Groundwater (in.) 10
5
-5 2
247 days 1.5
-15 End of growing season
-20 1
-25 0.5
-30 0
Precipitation (in.)
Grimesland GSP-GW10 Phase II 40" Groundwater 3.5
3
0 2.5
Rainfall S51B986 GSP-GW11 Phase II Date
Required Depth
15-Nov-04
04-Nov-04
24-Oct-04
13-Oct-04
-10
02-Oct-04
10
-5 2
88 days 1.5
-15
-20 1
-25 0.5
-30 0
Precipitation (in.)
Beginning of growing season
21-Sep-04
10-Sep-04
30-Aug-04
19-Aug-04
08-Aug-04
28-Jul-04
17-Jul-04
06-Jul-04
25-Jun-04
14-Jun-04
03-Jun-04
23-May-04
12-May-04
01-May-04
20-Apr-04
09-Apr-04
29-Mar-04
18-Mar-04
07-Mar-04
25-Feb-04
14-Feb-04
03-Feb-04
5
23-Jan-04
12-Jan-04
01-Jan-04
Depth to Groundwater (in.)
Grimesland GSP-GW11 Phase II 40" Groundwater
End of growing season 3.5
3
0 2.5
Rainfall S517407 GSP-GW12 Phase II Date
Required Depth
15-Nov-04
04-Nov-04
24-Oct-04
13-Oct-04
02-Oct-04
Beginning of growing season
21-Sep-04
10-Sep-04
30-Aug-04
19-Aug-04
08-Aug-04
28-Jul-04
17-Jul-04
06-Jul-04
25-Jun-04
14-Jun-04
03-Jun-04
23-May-04
12-May-04
01-May-04
20-Apr-04
09-Apr-04
29-Mar-04
18-Mar-04
07-Mar-04
25-Feb-04
14-Feb-04
-15
03-Feb-04
23-Jan-04
12-Jan-04
01-Jan-04
Depth to Groundwater (in.) 10
5
-5 247 days 2
-10
End of growing season 1.5
-20 1
-25 0.5
-30 0
Precipitation (in.)
Grimesland GSP-GW12 Phase II 40" Groundwater 3.5
3
0 2.5
Rainfall S50410D GSP-GW13 Phase II Date
Required Depth
15-Nov-04
04-Nov-04
24-Oct-04
13-Oct-04
02-Oct-04
Beginning of growing season
21-Sep-04
10-Sep-04
30-Aug-04
19-Aug-04
08-Aug-04
28-Jul-04
17-Jul-04
06-Jul-04
25-Jun-04
14-Jun-04
03-Jun-04
23-May-04
12-May-04
01-May-04
20-Apr-04
09-Apr-04
29-Mar-04
18-Mar-04
07-Mar-04
25-Feb-04
14-Feb-04
-15
03-Feb-04
23-Jan-04
12-Jan-04
01-Jan-04
Depth to Groundwater (in.) 10
5
-5 247 days 2
-10 1.5
End of growing season
-20 1
-25 0.5
-30 0
Precipitation (in.)
Grimesland GSP-GW13 Phase II 40" Groundwater 3.5
3
0 2.5
Rainfall S50448D GSP-GW14 Phase II Date
Required Depth
15-Nov-04
04-Nov-04
24-Oct-04
13-Oct-04
02-Oct-04
Beginning of growing season
21-Sep-04
-5
10-Sep-04
30-Aug-04
19-Aug-04
08-Aug-04
28-Jul-04
17-Jul-04
06-Jul-04
25-Jun-04
14-Jun-04
03-Jun-04
23-May-04
12-May-04
01-May-04
20-Apr-04
09-Apr-04
29-Mar-04
18-Mar-04
07-Mar-04
25-Feb-04
14-Feb-04
-15
03-Feb-04
23-Jan-04
12-Jan-04
01-Jan-04
Depth to Groundwater (in.) 10
5
247 days 2
-10 1.5
End of growing season
-20 1
-25 0.5
-30 0
Precipitation (in.)
Grimesland GSP-GW14 Phase II 40" Groundwater 3.5
3
0 2.5
Rainfall S503E58 GSP-GW15 Phase II Date
Required Depth
15-Nov-04
04-Nov-04
24-Oct-04
13-Oct-04
Beginning of growing season
02-Oct-04
21-Sep-04
10-Sep-04
30-Aug-04
19-Aug-04
08-Aug-04
28-Jul-04
17-Jul-04
06-Jul-04
25-Jun-04
14-Jun-04
03-Jun-04
23-May-04
12-May-04
01-May-04
20-Apr-04
09-Apr-04
29-Mar-04
18-Mar-04
07-Mar-04
25-Feb-04
14-Feb-04
03-Feb-04
-15
23-Jan-04
12-Jan-04
01-Jan-04
Depth to Groundwater (in.) 10
5
-5 247 days 2
-10 1.5
End of growing season
-20 1
-25 0.5
-30 0
Precipitation (in.)
Grimesland GSP-GW15 Phase II 40" Groundwater 3.5
3
0 2.5
Rainfall S50457E GSP-GW16 Phase II Date
Required Depth
15-Nov-04
04-Nov-04
24-Oct-04
13-Oct-04
02-Oct-04
Beginning of growing season
21-Sep-04
-5
10-Sep-04
30-Aug-04
19-Aug-04
08-Aug-04
28-Jul-04
17-Jul-04
06-Jul-04
25-Jun-04
14-Jun-04
03-Jun-04
23-May-04
12-May-04
01-May-04
20-Apr-04
09-Apr-04
29-Mar-04
18-Mar-04
07-Mar-04
25-Feb-04
14-Feb-04
03-Feb-04
-15
23-Jan-04
12-Jan-04
01-Jan-04
Depth to Groundwater (in.) 10
5
247 days 2
-10 1.5
End of growing season
-20 1
-25 0.5
-30 0
Precipitation (in.)
Grimesland GSP-GW16 Phase II 40" Groundwater 3.5
3
0 2.5
Rainfall S504321 GSP-GW17 Phase II Date
Required Depth
15-Nov-04
04-Nov-04
24-Oct-04
13-Oct-04
Beginning of growing season
02-Oct-04
21-Sep-04
10-Sep-04
30-Aug-04
19-Aug-04
08-Aug-04
28-Jul-04
17-Jul-04
06-Jul-04
25-Jun-04
14-Jun-04
03-Jun-04
23-May-04
12-May-04
01-May-04
20-Apr-04
09-Apr-04
29-Mar-04
18-Mar-04
07-Mar-04
25-Feb-04
14-Feb-04
-15
03-Feb-04
23-Jan-04
12-Jan-04
01-Jan-04
Depth to Groundwater (in.) 10
5
-5 242 days 2
-10 1.5
End of growing season
-20 1
-25 0.5
-30 0
Precipitation (in.)
Grimesland GSP-GW17 Phase II 40" Groundwater 3.5
3
0 2.5
Rainfall S2EACB5 GSP-GW18 Phase II Date
Required Depth
15-Nov-04
04-Nov-04
24-Oct-04
13-Oct-04
Beginning of growing season
02-Oct-04
21-Sep-04
10-Sep-04
30-Aug-04
19-Aug-04
08-Aug-04
28-Jul-04
17-Jul-04
06-Jul-04
25-Jun-04
14-Jun-04
03-Jun-04
23-May-04
12-May-04
01-May-04
20-Apr-04
09-Apr-04
29-Mar-04
18-Mar-04
07-Mar-04
25-Feb-04
14-Feb-04
03-Feb-04
-15
23-Jan-04
12-Jan-04
01-Jan-04
Depth to Groundwater (in.) 10
5
-5 247 days 2
-10 1.5
End of growing season
-20 1
-25 0.5
-30 0
Precipitation (in.)
Grimesland GSP-GW18 Phase II 40" Groundwater 3.5
3
0 2.5
Rainfall S2EACB7 GSP-GW19 Phase II Date
Required Depth
15-Nov-04
04-Nov-04
24-Oct-04
13-Oct-04
Beginning of growing season
02-Oct-04
21-Sep-04
10-Sep-04
30-Aug-04
19-Aug-04
08-Aug-04
28-Jul-04
17-Jul-04
06-Jul-04
25-Jun-04
14-Jun-04
03-Jun-04
23-May-04
12-May-04
01-May-04
20-Apr-04
09-Apr-04
29-Mar-04
18-Mar-04
07-Mar-04
25-Feb-04
14-Feb-04
-15
03-Feb-04
23-Jan-04
12-Jan-04
01-Jan-04
Depth to Groundwater (in.) 10
5
-5 247 days 2
-10 1.5
End of growing season
-20 1
-25 0.5
-30 0
Precipitation (in.)
Grimesland GSP-GW19 Phase II 40" Groundwater 3.5
3
0 2.5
Rainfall S504037 GSP-GW20 Phase II Date
Required Depth
15-Nov-04
04-Nov-04
24-Oct-04
13-Oct-04
02-Oct-04
Beginning of growing season
21-Sep-04
10-Sep-04
30-Aug-04
19-Aug-04
08-Aug-04
28-Jul-04
17-Jul-04
06-Jul-04
25-Jun-04
-5
14-Jun-04
03-Jun-04
23-May-04
12-May-04
01-May-04
20-Apr-04
09-Apr-04
29-Mar-04
18-Mar-04
07-Mar-04
25-Feb-04
14-Feb-04
03-Feb-04
-15
23-Jan-04
12-Jan-04
01-Jan-04
Depth to Groundwater (in.) 10
5
247 days 2
-10 1.5
End of growing season
-20 1
-25 0.5
-30 0
Precipitation (in.)
Grimesland GSP-GW20 Phase II 40" Groundwater 3.5
3
0 2.5
Rainfall S503FC8 GSP-GW21 Phase II Date
Required Depth
15-Nov-04
04-Nov-04
24-Oct-04
13-Oct-04
02-Oct-04
Beginning of growing season
21-Sep-04
10-Sep-04
30-Aug-04
19-Aug-04
08-Aug-04
28-Jul-04
17-Jul-04
06-Jul-04
25-Jun-04
14-Jun-04
03-Jun-04
23-May-04
12-May-04
01-May-04
20-Apr-04
09-Apr-04
29-Mar-04
18-Mar-04
07-Mar-04
25-Feb-04
14-Feb-04
03-Feb-04
-5
23-Jan-04
12-Jan-04
01-Jan-04
Depth to Groundwater (in.) 10
5
End of growing season
247 days 2
-10 1.5
-15
-20 1
-25 0.5
-30 0
Precipitation (in.)
Grimesland GSP-GW21 Phase II 40" Groundwater 3.5
3
0 2.5
Rainfall S213FC9 GSP-GW22 Phase II Date
Required Depth
15-Nov-04
04-Nov-04
24-Oct-04
13-Oct-04
Beginning of growing season
02-Oct-04
21-Sep-04
67 days
10-Sep-04
30-Aug-04
19-Aug-04
08-Aug-04
28-Jul-04
17-Jul-04
06-Jul-04
25-Jun-04
14-Jun-04
03-Jun-04
23-May-04
12-May-04
01-May-04
20-Apr-04
-5
09-Apr-04
29-Mar-04
18-Mar-04
07-Mar-04
25-Feb-04
14-Feb-04
-15
03-Feb-04
23-Jan-04
12-Jan-04
01-Jan-04
Depth to Groundwater (in.) 10
5 Gauge Malfunction
83 days 2
-10
End of growing season 1.5
-20 1
-25 0.5
-30 0
Precipitation (in.)
Grimesland GSP-GW22 Phase II 40" Groundwater 3.5
3
0 2.5
Rainfall S50449D GSP-GW23 Phase II Date
Required Depth
15-Nov-04
04-Nov-04
24-Oct-04
13-Oct-04
02-Oct-04
21-Sep-04
10-Sep-04
Beginning of growing season
30-Aug-04
19-Aug-04
08-Aug-04
28-Jul-04
17-Jul-04
06-Jul-04
25-Jun-04
14-Jun-04
03-Jun-04
23-May-04
12-May-04
01-May-04
20-Apr-04
09-Apr-04
29-Mar-04
18-Mar-04
07-Mar-04
25-Feb-04
14-Feb-04
03-Feb-04
23-Jan-04
-15
12-Jan-04
01-Jan-04
Depth to Groundwater (in.) 10
5
-5 247 days 2
-10 1.5
End of growing season
-20 1
-25 0.5
-30 0
Precipitation (in.)
Grimesland GSP-GW23 Phase II 40" Groundwater 3.5
3
0 2.5
Rainfall S1EC72B GSP-GW24 Phase II Date
Required Depth
15-Nov-04
04-Nov-04
24-Oct-04
13-Oct-04
135 days
02-Oct-04
Beginning of growing season
21-Sep-04
10-Sep-04
30-Aug-04
19-Aug-04
08-Aug-04
10
Gauge Malfunction
83 days 2
-10 1.5
End of growing season
-20 1
-25 0.5
-30 0
Precipitation (in.)
5
28-Jul-04
17-Jul-04
06-Jul-04
25-Jun-04
-5
14-Jun-04
03-Jun-04
23-May-04
12-May-04
01-May-04
20-Apr-04
09-Apr-04
29-Mar-04
18-Mar-04
07-Mar-04
25-Feb-04
14-Feb-04
-15
03-Feb-04
23-Jan-04
12-Jan-04
01-Jan-04
Depth to Groundwater (in.)
Grimesland GSP-GW24 Phase II 40" Groundwater 3.5
3
0 2.5
Rainfall S2EACBE GSP-GW25 Phase II Date
Required Depth
15-Nov-04
04-Nov-04
24-Oct-04
13-Oct-04
Beginning of growing season
02-Oct-04
21-Sep-04
10-Sep-04
30-Aug-04
19-Aug-04
08-Aug-04
28-Jul-04
17-Jul-04
06-Jul-04
25-Jun-04
14-Jun-04
03-Jun-04
23-May-04
12-May-04
01-May-04
20-Apr-04
09-Apr-04
29-Mar-04
18-Mar-04
07-Mar-04
25-Feb-04
14-Feb-04
-15
03-Feb-04
23-Jan-04
12-Jan-04
01-Jan-04
Depth to Groundwater (in.) 10
5
-5 247 days 2
-10 1.5
End of growing season
-20 1
-25 0.5
-30 0
Precipitation (in.)
Grimesland GSP-GW25 Phase II 40" Groundwater 3.5
3
0 2.5
APPENDIX B SITE PHOTOS AND PHOTO AND PLOT LOCATIONS MAP
Grimesland Pit – Phase II
Photo 1
Photo 2
Photo 3
Photo 4
Photo 5 2004
