CSW Topic A
ISRMUN 2016
“Embracing our diversity is the first step to unity.”
THE UNITED NATIONS COMMISSION ON THE STATUS OF WOMEN
ISRMUN 2016
“Embracing our diversity is the first step to unity.”
Committee: The United Nations Commission on the Status of Women (CSW) Topic A: The Empowerment of African Women for Global Economic Growth Written by: Paulina Fidalgo, Fabiana Granados, Seojin Baek, Isaac Vega, Gabriela Bustani and Sofia Tamez I. Committee Background The Commission on the Status of Women (CSW), was established on June of 1946 by the Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC). Its principal objective, and most important topic, is to protect and promote gender equality and advancement of women; as well as different issues including the defense of women’s rights, ensuring their protection and the implementation of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) for women and girls everywhere. Every year, representatives of the UN Member States gather at the United Nations Headquarters in New York, where CSW is headquartered. They work with various groups on different topics and ask for new perspectives and general discussions to evaluate the progress made as well as to set new goals and standards for the empowerment of women globally.
II. Topic information A) History of Topic The empowerment of women in Africa is defined as the authority or power given to African women to flourish in education and business related jobs, as well as a boost in their spiritual, political, social and economical strength. In this continent, many women are struggling to have a fair
ISRMUN 2016
“Embracing our diversity is the first step to unity.”
share of political power and economic opportunity with men. While the African Union (AU), has made some gradual changes regarding the empowerment of women inside the continent, they are still widely abandoned in fields of education and economy. Additionally, according to Investopedia, the global economic growth refers to the ability of a country, during a period of time, to produce goods and services worldwide. Therefore, if women start being empowered, the economy of the world will grow. Although in some parts of Africa women have been gaining power and a voice, there are still many in need of rights. Research made by Education for Change states that in 47 out of the 54 African countries, less than 50% of girls finished primary school. Additionally, out of the 774 million adults on the continent who are illiterate, more than two-thirds of them are women (Fatimah Kelleher - 2014). However, if this decreases and women were to have the access to a good quality education and jobs, the African economy would increase by 20-30%. Fortunately, various presidents around the continent have developed various policies on supporting women and are currently providing more opportunities regarding jobs, health services, and education. An old ideology of African men has produced low empowerment of African women. In Africa, many men have a prejudice that girls in families are a burden for the rest of the family. This oldfashioned idea of African men has descended from the past thinking that women are useless since most women are physically weaker than men. Therefore, it has been hard for women to have any
ISRMUN 2016
“Embracing our diversity is the first step to unity.”
right of inheritance making it difficult for women to access land or finance. This traditional thought eventually led to a downward look on women’s rights in Africa. The main reason women's rights's in Africa are being violated is an inadequate education policy. African women do not have the privilege of making their own decisions nor being part of the food production industry, and many other rights that they deserve. Young women have no right to education, furthermore, coming to the same old tradition: denying their right to work. For this reason, most women in Africa are still illiterate. Of the 774 million adults (15 years and older) who still cannot read or write, two-thirds of them (493 million) are women (Fatimah Kelleher - 2014). However, according to a report conducted by Europe’s World, if the women were to have access to work in the productive resources equally to the male gender, a country’s economy would increase from the range of 20 to 30%. Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, current President of Liberia who has been in office since 2006, has helped many African women in various ways. She has developed many policies supporting women and is currently providing more opportunities regarding jobs, health services, and education during her presidency. Not only is Johnson Sirleaf helping in this field, but in countries such as South Africa and Rwanda, many female lawmakers are creating legislation promoting gender equality. They have made huge progress by providing equal land rights to women and ensuring their reproductive rights.
ISRMUN 2016
“Embracing our diversity is the first step to unity.”
While in some parts of Africa, women have been gaining power and a voice, there are still many in need of rights. According to a report made by Because I Am A Girl, 47 out of 54 African countries’ girls have less than 50% completion of primary school. Religion is another barrier for women. Some African countries’ religions vary from Islam to Christianity, so in zones where Islam rules, women’s opportunities are limited due to extremist beliefs in some communities that believe that women are not equal to men. However, some non-governmental organizations (NGOs) are aware of this issue and have been taking action. Schools have been built around Africa so children can be educated equally. They have also focused on women rights, giving them medical health, and opening job opportunities. Many women have been helped thanks to these organizations such as He for She, launched by UN Women advocate and actress, Emma Watson, and the United Nations Girls' Education Initiative launched by the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Committee.
B) Current Issues Liberia: Liberia is one of the countries with the least privileges for women. Women in Liberia have less access to the fields of education, health care, property, and justice in comparison with men. Just over a third of women aged 15 to 24 are literate, compared to 64 per cent of men of the same age (UNESCO - 2011). Moreover, it is common for women-related crimes to not be fully investigated. Based on a report conducted by UN Women, 35 per cent of women in Liberia have experienced physical violence by their own partners. However, some organizations including the Liberia Women
ISRMUN 2016
“Embracing our diversity is the first step to unity.”
Media Action Committee (LIWOMAC) are trying to spread the current situation in Liberia through the media in order to attract more attention not only from Africa, but also from other nations. Israel Israel, as well as many other countries, struggle with women empowerment and its rights. Hasidic and Orthodox Judaism act as a barrier for women to achieve their dreams, to own a business, to work in the government or to simply have the right to vote and express themselves. The Cherie Blair Foundation supports women in Northern Israel by giving them access to higher education and to strengthen women-owned businesses in the region. This foundation not only helps with education, but it also gives women classes and training sessions for them to start their own businesses.
Sudan: The constitution of Sudan, which was updated in 2005, states under Article 32 that “women and men have equal entitlement to all civil, political, economic, social, and cultural rights.” (SIGN 2016) However, the Sudanese President, Omar Hassan al-Bashir, announced in October 2011 that a new constitution would be established based on Sharia Law. This is the body of Islamic Law as stated in the Quran. Many political changes in the country and the historical ideology, women have been colossally affected. The women in Sudan are a main target for violence. In the rural areas, roughly one-third of women have access to any form of learning.
ISRMUN 2016
“Embracing our diversity is the first step to unity.”
Afghanistan: Women’s rights in Afghanistan have shown to change gradually in the last decade after the election of the Hamid Karzai administration. The situation regarding women in Afghanistan rapidly decreased since 1996 while the Taliban had supreme power in the government. The Taliban’s movement circumscribed women’s activities in many fields such as in education and health services. However, even though the Karzai government has made some important progress, it is still a tough environment for women. Afghanistan was ranked in 147th place in 2014 since 85% of women were still illiterate and had not received any formal education from the government. Furthermore, due to force drudgery their life expectancy is age 51, which is very low compared to other countries in the world.
Malawi: Sections 20 and 41 of the Constitution of Malawi uphold the principle of equal rights for men and women and prohibit any discrimination based on gender or marital status (Social Institution and Gender Index - 2014). The nation ratified the “Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women” in 1987. However, the inequity community that has been present in Malawi is nowadays a substantial factor for general poverty in the country. It is known that in Malawi, women earn less wages than men.
ISRMUN 2016
“Embracing our diversity is the first step to unity.”
Egypt: The United States Agency for International Development (USAID) is currently working in Egypt with the purpose of helping and supporting the political rights of women, and it aims to prevent violence against them. This organization provides career development and internships for women in the agricultural sector and training for female farmers in remote villages. According to the New York Times, 25% of households in the nations contain working women. However, these women earn less than their male counterparts.
Senegal: Even though the constitution of Senegal, which was updated on January 7th of 2001, states that men and women are set to have equal rights, discrimination of the female gender is still ongoing in the country. Women are mostly limited to traditional roles (MEWC - 2014), while in urban areas laws protecting women are generally respected, rural areas are still dominated by customary and religious practices, and few women are aware of the legal rights that are in place to protect them. (SIGN - 2016) As expected, it is seen that girls and women of a low-class (1.25 US dollars per day) are highly affected by the inequity. Young women are even obligated to drop out of school before finishing their studies, in comparison to their brothers, which can finish their education.
C) UN Action The United Nations has made some progressive changes and has mentioned to the public the empowerment of women, especially in Africa where it is known as the most challenging place for
ISRMUN 2016
“Embracing our diversity is the first step to unity.” women to thrive. UN Women, a global organization dedicated to gender equality and the empowerment of women, emphasizes that gender equality is not just a fundamental human right, but an important factor in improving a country’s economy. UN Women also believes that investing in women’s economic empowerment sets a path to gender equality, poverty eradication and most importantly, economical growth. Women make incredible contributions whether in business, on farms, as entrepreneurs or employees, or by doing unpaid care work at home. The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) has helped to eradicate this issue by “supporting with research of customary law to help women gain access to land and participate in decision-making form, supporting women’s entrepreneurship through training in production skills and techniques, business management and functional literacy, helping to certify businesses that adhere to equality standards in the workplace.”
Moreover, the UN Secretary-General, Ban Ki-moon, has mentioned briefly regarding the potential that women have in one country’s economy. He said, “Where women are educated and empowered, economies are more productive and strong. Where women are fully represented, societies are more peaceful and stable.” A crucial event that has been held by UN Women in order to raise awareness and prevent violence against women and girls is “Orange Day”. This event is held the 25th of every month.
ISRMUN 2016
“Embracing our diversity is the first step to unity.”
III. Conclusion Most African countries are not aware of the huge, positive impact that would come to a country economically, politically, and socially when empowering women. Many brutal actions and unfair decisions have been directed towards women such as domestic violence, lack of education, and occupation. In a general way, the literacy rate in African for women is not the best. Having a change in Africa ideology and letting women be part of political and economical fields, will bring positives to the continent. As new jobs are created, the better a country’s economy becomes. This will make a new infrastructure that will open other economic pathways and foreign investments will be present.
Realizing this crucial factor, many global organizations such as non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and nonprofit organizations have made some advances in this field. Since 2008, a nonprofit organization named “Africare" has been working on empowering women with a project called Initiative for the Economic Empowerment of Women Entrepreneurs Project (IEEWEP) with the corporation ExxonMobil. The purpose of this project is to increase women’s income and participation on local economy of African countries, especially in Southern Chad, which relies mostly in the agriculture. In the past 3 years, more than 1,000 African women have benefited from this program, and as an outcome, the earnings of women have colossally heightened by 70%.It is expected for many other global organizations to help in empowering African women due to many advantages it would bring to the many African countries.
ISRMUN 2016
“Embracing our diversity is the first step to unity.”
IV. Essential Questions 1. Is your delegation currently having problems with women empowerment? 2. How has your country been helpful in this issue? 3. What are some actions that can be taken by your country to empower women? 4. What policies can be made in your constitution to empower women? 5. How are women treated in your country? 6. In your delegation, do women and men have the same opportunities? If so, mention them. 7. How could your country help empower women? 8. Is your nation a member of any organization that is currently addressing women empowerment?
V. Resources
"About UN Women." UN Women. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2016. . "Afghanistan." Gender Equality. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2016. . Banerjee, Abhijit V., and Esther Duflo. "The Economic Lives of the Poor." The Journal of Economic Perspectives : A Journal of the American Economic Association. U.S. National Library of Medicine, n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2016. .
ISRMUN 2016
“Embracing our diversity is the first step to unity.”
"Empowering African Women: Gender Is the Agenda." New African Magazine. N.p., 04 Apr. 2015. Web. 16 Mar. 2016. . “Empowerment.” Dictionary.com. Web. 16 Mar. 2016. . "Empowering Africa's Women Is the Key to Economic Wealth" Europe's World. N.p., 24 Feb. 2014. Web. 16 Mar. 2016. "How Empowering Women Can Help End Poverty in Africa." Nasikiliza. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2016. . "Life as an Afghan Woman - Trust in Education." Trust in Education. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2016. . "Malawi." Gender Equality in. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2016. . "Sustainable Development Goals" UN News Center. UN, n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2016. . "Senegal." Gender Equality in. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2016. .
ISRMUN 2016
“Embracing our diversity is the first step to unity.”
"Sudan." Gender Equality in. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2016. . "The Literacy Injustice: 493 Million Women Still Can't Read." The Guardian. Guardian News and Media, 08 Sept. 2014. Web. 16 Mar. 2016. . "Women's Empowerment" Africare. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2016. . “Women's Rights in Liberia." Worldwide Movement for Human Rights. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2016. . "Women." Our Africa. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2016. . "Women Rights in Africa.” Rainbo Organization. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2016. .
“Embracing our diversity is the first step to unity.”
THE UNITED NATIONS COMMISSION ON THE STATUS OF WOMEN
ISRMUN 2016
“Embracing our diversity is the first step to unity.”
Committee: The United Nations Commission on the Status of Women (CSW) Topic A: The Empowerment of African Women for Global Economic Growth Written by: Paulina Fidalgo, Fabiana Granados, Seojin Baek, Isaac Vega, Gabriela Bustani and Sofia Tamez I. Committee Background The Commission on the Status of Women (CSW), was established on June of 1946 by the Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC). Its principal objective, and most important topic, is to protect and promote gender equality and advancement of women; as well as different issues including the defense of women’s rights, ensuring their protection and the implementation of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) for women and girls everywhere. Every year, representatives of the UN Member States gather at the United Nations Headquarters in New York, where CSW is headquartered. They work with various groups on different topics and ask for new perspectives and general discussions to evaluate the progress made as well as to set new goals and standards for the empowerment of women globally.
II. Topic information A) History of Topic The empowerment of women in Africa is defined as the authority or power given to African women to flourish in education and business related jobs, as well as a boost in their spiritual, political, social and economical strength. In this continent, many women are struggling to have a fair
ISRMUN 2016
“Embracing our diversity is the first step to unity.”
share of political power and economic opportunity with men. While the African Union (AU), has made some gradual changes regarding the empowerment of women inside the continent, they are still widely abandoned in fields of education and economy. Additionally, according to Investopedia, the global economic growth refers to the ability of a country, during a period of time, to produce goods and services worldwide. Therefore, if women start being empowered, the economy of the world will grow. Although in some parts of Africa women have been gaining power and a voice, there are still many in need of rights. Research made by Education for Change states that in 47 out of the 54 African countries, less than 50% of girls finished primary school. Additionally, out of the 774 million adults on the continent who are illiterate, more than two-thirds of them are women (Fatimah Kelleher - 2014). However, if this decreases and women were to have the access to a good quality education and jobs, the African economy would increase by 20-30%. Fortunately, various presidents around the continent have developed various policies on supporting women and are currently providing more opportunities regarding jobs, health services, and education. An old ideology of African men has produced low empowerment of African women. In Africa, many men have a prejudice that girls in families are a burden for the rest of the family. This oldfashioned idea of African men has descended from the past thinking that women are useless since most women are physically weaker than men. Therefore, it has been hard for women to have any
ISRMUN 2016
“Embracing our diversity is the first step to unity.”
right of inheritance making it difficult for women to access land or finance. This traditional thought eventually led to a downward look on women’s rights in Africa. The main reason women's rights's in Africa are being violated is an inadequate education policy. African women do not have the privilege of making their own decisions nor being part of the food production industry, and many other rights that they deserve. Young women have no right to education, furthermore, coming to the same old tradition: denying their right to work. For this reason, most women in Africa are still illiterate. Of the 774 million adults (15 years and older) who still cannot read or write, two-thirds of them (493 million) are women (Fatimah Kelleher - 2014). However, according to a report conducted by Europe’s World, if the women were to have access to work in the productive resources equally to the male gender, a country’s economy would increase from the range of 20 to 30%. Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, current President of Liberia who has been in office since 2006, has helped many African women in various ways. She has developed many policies supporting women and is currently providing more opportunities regarding jobs, health services, and education during her presidency. Not only is Johnson Sirleaf helping in this field, but in countries such as South Africa and Rwanda, many female lawmakers are creating legislation promoting gender equality. They have made huge progress by providing equal land rights to women and ensuring their reproductive rights.
ISRMUN 2016
“Embracing our diversity is the first step to unity.”
While in some parts of Africa, women have been gaining power and a voice, there are still many in need of rights. According to a report made by Because I Am A Girl, 47 out of 54 African countries’ girls have less than 50% completion of primary school. Religion is another barrier for women. Some African countries’ religions vary from Islam to Christianity, so in zones where Islam rules, women’s opportunities are limited due to extremist beliefs in some communities that believe that women are not equal to men. However, some non-governmental organizations (NGOs) are aware of this issue and have been taking action. Schools have been built around Africa so children can be educated equally. They have also focused on women rights, giving them medical health, and opening job opportunities. Many women have been helped thanks to these organizations such as He for She, launched by UN Women advocate and actress, Emma Watson, and the United Nations Girls' Education Initiative launched by the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Committee.
B) Current Issues Liberia: Liberia is one of the countries with the least privileges for women. Women in Liberia have less access to the fields of education, health care, property, and justice in comparison with men. Just over a third of women aged 15 to 24 are literate, compared to 64 per cent of men of the same age (UNESCO - 2011). Moreover, it is common for women-related crimes to not be fully investigated. Based on a report conducted by UN Women, 35 per cent of women in Liberia have experienced physical violence by their own partners. However, some organizations including the Liberia Women
ISRMUN 2016
“Embracing our diversity is the first step to unity.”
Media Action Committee (LIWOMAC) are trying to spread the current situation in Liberia through the media in order to attract more attention not only from Africa, but also from other nations. Israel Israel, as well as many other countries, struggle with women empowerment and its rights. Hasidic and Orthodox Judaism act as a barrier for women to achieve their dreams, to own a business, to work in the government or to simply have the right to vote and express themselves. The Cherie Blair Foundation supports women in Northern Israel by giving them access to higher education and to strengthen women-owned businesses in the region. This foundation not only helps with education, but it also gives women classes and training sessions for them to start their own businesses.
Sudan: The constitution of Sudan, which was updated in 2005, states under Article 32 that “women and men have equal entitlement to all civil, political, economic, social, and cultural rights.” (SIGN 2016) However, the Sudanese President, Omar Hassan al-Bashir, announced in October 2011 that a new constitution would be established based on Sharia Law. This is the body of Islamic Law as stated in the Quran. Many political changes in the country and the historical ideology, women have been colossally affected. The women in Sudan are a main target for violence. In the rural areas, roughly one-third of women have access to any form of learning.
ISRMUN 2016
“Embracing our diversity is the first step to unity.”
Afghanistan: Women’s rights in Afghanistan have shown to change gradually in the last decade after the election of the Hamid Karzai administration. The situation regarding women in Afghanistan rapidly decreased since 1996 while the Taliban had supreme power in the government. The Taliban’s movement circumscribed women’s activities in many fields such as in education and health services. However, even though the Karzai government has made some important progress, it is still a tough environment for women. Afghanistan was ranked in 147th place in 2014 since 85% of women were still illiterate and had not received any formal education from the government. Furthermore, due to force drudgery their life expectancy is age 51, which is very low compared to other countries in the world.
Malawi: Sections 20 and 41 of the Constitution of Malawi uphold the principle of equal rights for men and women and prohibit any discrimination based on gender or marital status (Social Institution and Gender Index - 2014). The nation ratified the “Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women” in 1987. However, the inequity community that has been present in Malawi is nowadays a substantial factor for general poverty in the country. It is known that in Malawi, women earn less wages than men.
ISRMUN 2016
“Embracing our diversity is the first step to unity.”
Egypt: The United States Agency for International Development (USAID) is currently working in Egypt with the purpose of helping and supporting the political rights of women, and it aims to prevent violence against them. This organization provides career development and internships for women in the agricultural sector and training for female farmers in remote villages. According to the New York Times, 25% of households in the nations contain working women. However, these women earn less than their male counterparts.
Senegal: Even though the constitution of Senegal, which was updated on January 7th of 2001, states that men and women are set to have equal rights, discrimination of the female gender is still ongoing in the country. Women are mostly limited to traditional roles (MEWC - 2014), while in urban areas laws protecting women are generally respected, rural areas are still dominated by customary and religious practices, and few women are aware of the legal rights that are in place to protect them. (SIGN - 2016) As expected, it is seen that girls and women of a low-class (1.25 US dollars per day) are highly affected by the inequity. Young women are even obligated to drop out of school before finishing their studies, in comparison to their brothers, which can finish their education.
C) UN Action The United Nations has made some progressive changes and has mentioned to the public the empowerment of women, especially in Africa where it is known as the most challenging place for
ISRMUN 2016
“Embracing our diversity is the first step to unity.” women to thrive. UN Women, a global organization dedicated to gender equality and the empowerment of women, emphasizes that gender equality is not just a fundamental human right, but an important factor in improving a country’s economy. UN Women also believes that investing in women’s economic empowerment sets a path to gender equality, poverty eradication and most importantly, economical growth. Women make incredible contributions whether in business, on farms, as entrepreneurs or employees, or by doing unpaid care work at home. The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) has helped to eradicate this issue by “supporting with research of customary law to help women gain access to land and participate in decision-making form, supporting women’s entrepreneurship through training in production skills and techniques, business management and functional literacy, helping to certify businesses that adhere to equality standards in the workplace.”
Moreover, the UN Secretary-General, Ban Ki-moon, has mentioned briefly regarding the potential that women have in one country’s economy. He said, “Where women are educated and empowered, economies are more productive and strong. Where women are fully represented, societies are more peaceful and stable.” A crucial event that has been held by UN Women in order to raise awareness and prevent violence against women and girls is “Orange Day”. This event is held the 25th of every month.
ISRMUN 2016
“Embracing our diversity is the first step to unity.”
III. Conclusion Most African countries are not aware of the huge, positive impact that would come to a country economically, politically, and socially when empowering women. Many brutal actions and unfair decisions have been directed towards women such as domestic violence, lack of education, and occupation. In a general way, the literacy rate in African for women is not the best. Having a change in Africa ideology and letting women be part of political and economical fields, will bring positives to the continent. As new jobs are created, the better a country’s economy becomes. This will make a new infrastructure that will open other economic pathways and foreign investments will be present.
Realizing this crucial factor, many global organizations such as non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and nonprofit organizations have made some advances in this field. Since 2008, a nonprofit organization named “Africare" has been working on empowering women with a project called Initiative for the Economic Empowerment of Women Entrepreneurs Project (IEEWEP) with the corporation ExxonMobil. The purpose of this project is to increase women’s income and participation on local economy of African countries, especially in Southern Chad, which relies mostly in the agriculture. In the past 3 years, more than 1,000 African women have benefited from this program, and as an outcome, the earnings of women have colossally heightened by 70%.It is expected for many other global organizations to help in empowering African women due to many advantages it would bring to the many African countries.
ISRMUN 2016
“Embracing our diversity is the first step to unity.”
IV. Essential Questions 1. Is your delegation currently having problems with women empowerment? 2. How has your country been helpful in this issue? 3. What are some actions that can be taken by your country to empower women? 4. What policies can be made in your constitution to empower women? 5. How are women treated in your country? 6. In your delegation, do women and men have the same opportunities? If so, mention them. 7. How could your country help empower women? 8. Is your nation a member of any organization that is currently addressing women empowerment?
V. Resources
"About UN Women." UN Women. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2016. . "Afghanistan." Gender Equality. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2016. . Banerjee, Abhijit V., and Esther Duflo. "The Economic Lives of the Poor." The Journal of Economic Perspectives : A Journal of the American Economic Association. U.S. National Library of Medicine, n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2016. .
ISRMUN 2016
“Embracing our diversity is the first step to unity.”
"Empowering African Women: Gender Is the Agenda." New African Magazine. N.p., 04 Apr. 2015. Web. 16 Mar. 2016. . “Empowerment.” Dictionary.com. Web. 16 Mar. 2016. . "Empowering Africa's Women Is the Key to Economic Wealth" Europe's World. N.p., 24 Feb. 2014. Web. 16 Mar. 2016. "How Empowering Women Can Help End Poverty in Africa." Nasikiliza. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2016. . "Life as an Afghan Woman - Trust in Education." Trust in Education. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2016. . "Malawi." Gender Equality in. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2016. . "Sustainable Development Goals" UN News Center. UN, n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2016. . "Senegal." Gender Equality in. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2016. .
ISRMUN 2016
“Embracing our diversity is the first step to unity.”
"Sudan." Gender Equality in. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2016. . "The Literacy Injustice: 493 Million Women Still Can't Read." The Guardian. Guardian News and Media, 08 Sept. 2014. Web. 16 Mar. 2016. . "Women's Empowerment" Africare. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2016. . “Women's Rights in Liberia." Worldwide Movement for Human Rights. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2016. . "Women." Our Africa. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2016. . "Women Rights in Africa.” Rainbo Organization. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2016. .
