DelDOT's Vision for Connected/ Automated Vehicles
DelDOT’s Vision for Connected/ Automated Vehicles Gene Donaldson October 13, 2016
Agenda
2
Connected / Automated Vehicle Overview USDOT Highly Automated Vehicle Guidance State of the Industry / Anticipated Timeline How DelDOT is Positioned / Timeline Artificial Intelligence (AI) Project
Connected/Automated Vehicles Overview Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAV) are vehicles that utilize technology to communicate with other vehicles, the built environment, and the outside world Purpose – Reduce crashes resulting from driver error – Increase mobility – Reduce vehicle emissions
Applications – – – – 3
Automated Driving Vehicles Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communications (V2V) Vehicle-to-Infrastructure Interaction (V2I) Fully-connected/interactive travelers (V2X)
Automated Driving Vehicles NHSTA Identifies Five Levels of Vehicle Automation: Level 0: The driver completely controls the vehicle at all times Level 1: Individual vehicle controls are automated, such as electronic stability control or automatic braking Level 2: At least two controls can be automated in unison, such as adaptive cruise control in combination with lane keeping Level 3: The driver can fully cede control of all safetycritical functions in certain conditions. The car senses when conditions require the driver to retake control and provides a "sufficiently comfortable transition time" for the driver to do so Level 4: The vehicle performs all safety-critical functions for the entire trip, with the driver not expected to control the vehicle at any time. As this vehicle would control all functions from start to stop, including all parking functions, it could include unoccupied cars TESLA Auto-Pilot = Level 2.5 GoogleCar aims to achieve full Level 4 Functionalities
4
Source: Consumer Reports
Source: Google
Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) Communication
5
Vehicle to Infrastructure (V2I) Interaction
6
Fully Connected/Interactive Travelers (V2X)
7
USDOT Highly Automated Vehicle (HAV) Guidance Released 9/19/16; Comments due 11/22/16 Establishes USDOT’s goals and priorities for regulating HAVs Encourages states to allow NHTSA to regulate performance of HAV technology and vehicles – USDOT retains authority over safety standards – States retain authority to license human drivers and register cars; enforce traffic laws; regulate insurance
Model State Legislation provides a framework for states wishing to regulate procedures and conditions for testing, deployment, and operation of HAVs 8
Where is the Industry? Small-scale pilot projects have been developed throughout the US – Focused on safety, freight, and arterial corridor operations
Auto/Equipment Manufacturers are well positioned to implement CV/AV Technologies and many have AV components in newer vehicle models. – Standardization and guidance is needed from Public Sector – Vehicle Fleet Turnover averages 8-10 years. Progress will be incremental – Anticipate 50% penetration by 2025
USDOT is focusing future CV initiatives around 5.9GHz wireless spectrum, which has been reserved through FCC 9
General Timeline
10
2016 – Early Automated Technologies 2016-2020 – Limited V2V Availability 2018-2030 – V2I and V2V Implementation 2020-2035 – Self-Driving Vehicles Future – “Shared Driving” Environment
How is DelDOT Positioned? DelDOT’s anticipated role is primarily in the V2I space with V2V applications within DelDOT/DART vehicles Developed V2I Pilot Program Grant in 2015, but were unsuccessful in selection Participating in AASHTO/ITS America V2I Deployment Coalition and AASHTO HAV Guidance Working Group Participating in I-95 Corridor Coalition Connected/Autonomous Vehicle Executive Leadership Team Robust ITMS Deployment – This is the next phase!
11
What Can We Leverage? Existing Telecommunications Network – Network Master Plan recently updated to incorporate future V2I connections
Existing Delaware Transit Corporation Integration Existing Traffic Signal and ITS Device Integration into TMC Mobile App – Interim stopgap between full V2I deployment Text-to-Voice Enhancements Mobile Devices as Probes Direct communications with TMC
12
Why Should We Invest? DelDOT is uniquely positioned to be a leader in CAV deployments – We operate or integrate to all transportation modes and facilities within the state – We have existing university and public sector partnerships that we can leverage for research and funding opportunities
CAV has the potential to significantly reduce highway crashes and fatalities Implementation of CAV will allow for more effective utilization of existing roadway capacity by automating freeway and arterial operations to a greater degree Once a significant penetration of CV equipped vehicles is achieved, the Cost: Benefit ratio of implementing V2I communications will be substantial 13
DelDOT Timeline
2016 – 5.9 GHz spectrum license issued 2016 – 4.9 GHz wireless Phase I (Dover) 2017 – AI Project (Newark) 2017 – SPaT Challenge (Smyrna) 2017 + – Additional deployment of roadside units (RSU) and onboard units (OBU)
14
V2I Networking Concept DSRC
4.9GHz TMC
FIBER BACKBONE NETWORK
Direct Fiber
DSRC
4.9GHz
Leverage Existing Backbone Fiber network and future 4.9GHz connections to tie in 1,700+ field network nodes
15
DSRC
Delaware Artificial Intelligence (AI) Project If a network is too large, or too many cases, with a huge amount of data coming in (especially when CV data is available), human brains cannot process the data and make comprehensive, timely decisions. Build a computer/AI based tool, which can enhance operations and build a foundation which can support automating or semiautomating TMC operations in the near future.
16
The Project Covered Area
17
• It is the corridor of I95 from DC to NYC, with parallel arterial US-40 • Wilmington and Newark, the state's largest cities, are clustered here • This corridor has high incident rate: on average 10~15 crashes /accidents each quarter • The test bed area includes 8 miles of I95 freeway, 43 miles of state highway with 98 signalized • intersections • key roadway segments include I-95, US 13, US 40, DE 4, DE 7, DE 72, DE 273, DE 896 and Old Baltimore Pike
Delaware Artificial Intelligence (AI) Project
18
Delaware Artificial Intelligence (AI) Project
19
Questions? For More Information: Gene Donaldson, TMC Operations Manager (302) 659-4601 [email protected] www.deldot.gov
20
Agenda
2
Connected / Automated Vehicle Overview USDOT Highly Automated Vehicle Guidance State of the Industry / Anticipated Timeline How DelDOT is Positioned / Timeline Artificial Intelligence (AI) Project
Connected/Automated Vehicles Overview Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAV) are vehicles that utilize technology to communicate with other vehicles, the built environment, and the outside world Purpose – Reduce crashes resulting from driver error – Increase mobility – Reduce vehicle emissions
Applications – – – – 3
Automated Driving Vehicles Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communications (V2V) Vehicle-to-Infrastructure Interaction (V2I) Fully-connected/interactive travelers (V2X)
Automated Driving Vehicles NHSTA Identifies Five Levels of Vehicle Automation: Level 0: The driver completely controls the vehicle at all times Level 1: Individual vehicle controls are automated, such as electronic stability control or automatic braking Level 2: At least two controls can be automated in unison, such as adaptive cruise control in combination with lane keeping Level 3: The driver can fully cede control of all safetycritical functions in certain conditions. The car senses when conditions require the driver to retake control and provides a "sufficiently comfortable transition time" for the driver to do so Level 4: The vehicle performs all safety-critical functions for the entire trip, with the driver not expected to control the vehicle at any time. As this vehicle would control all functions from start to stop, including all parking functions, it could include unoccupied cars TESLA Auto-Pilot = Level 2.5 GoogleCar aims to achieve full Level 4 Functionalities
4
Source: Consumer Reports
Source: Google
Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) Communication
5
Vehicle to Infrastructure (V2I) Interaction
6
Fully Connected/Interactive Travelers (V2X)
7
USDOT Highly Automated Vehicle (HAV) Guidance Released 9/19/16; Comments due 11/22/16 Establishes USDOT’s goals and priorities for regulating HAVs Encourages states to allow NHTSA to regulate performance of HAV technology and vehicles – USDOT retains authority over safety standards – States retain authority to license human drivers and register cars; enforce traffic laws; regulate insurance
Model State Legislation provides a framework for states wishing to regulate procedures and conditions for testing, deployment, and operation of HAVs 8
Where is the Industry? Small-scale pilot projects have been developed throughout the US – Focused on safety, freight, and arterial corridor operations
Auto/Equipment Manufacturers are well positioned to implement CV/AV Technologies and many have AV components in newer vehicle models. – Standardization and guidance is needed from Public Sector – Vehicle Fleet Turnover averages 8-10 years. Progress will be incremental – Anticipate 50% penetration by 2025
USDOT is focusing future CV initiatives around 5.9GHz wireless spectrum, which has been reserved through FCC 9
General Timeline
10
2016 – Early Automated Technologies 2016-2020 – Limited V2V Availability 2018-2030 – V2I and V2V Implementation 2020-2035 – Self-Driving Vehicles Future – “Shared Driving” Environment
How is DelDOT Positioned? DelDOT’s anticipated role is primarily in the V2I space with V2V applications within DelDOT/DART vehicles Developed V2I Pilot Program Grant in 2015, but were unsuccessful in selection Participating in AASHTO/ITS America V2I Deployment Coalition and AASHTO HAV Guidance Working Group Participating in I-95 Corridor Coalition Connected/Autonomous Vehicle Executive Leadership Team Robust ITMS Deployment – This is the next phase!
11
What Can We Leverage? Existing Telecommunications Network – Network Master Plan recently updated to incorporate future V2I connections
Existing Delaware Transit Corporation Integration Existing Traffic Signal and ITS Device Integration into TMC Mobile App – Interim stopgap between full V2I deployment Text-to-Voice Enhancements Mobile Devices as Probes Direct communications with TMC
12
Why Should We Invest? DelDOT is uniquely positioned to be a leader in CAV deployments – We operate or integrate to all transportation modes and facilities within the state – We have existing university and public sector partnerships that we can leverage for research and funding opportunities
CAV has the potential to significantly reduce highway crashes and fatalities Implementation of CAV will allow for more effective utilization of existing roadway capacity by automating freeway and arterial operations to a greater degree Once a significant penetration of CV equipped vehicles is achieved, the Cost: Benefit ratio of implementing V2I communications will be substantial 13
DelDOT Timeline
2016 – 5.9 GHz spectrum license issued 2016 – 4.9 GHz wireless Phase I (Dover) 2017 – AI Project (Newark) 2017 – SPaT Challenge (Smyrna) 2017 + – Additional deployment of roadside units (RSU) and onboard units (OBU)
14
V2I Networking Concept DSRC
4.9GHz TMC
FIBER BACKBONE NETWORK
Direct Fiber
DSRC
4.9GHz
Leverage Existing Backbone Fiber network and future 4.9GHz connections to tie in 1,700+ field network nodes
15
DSRC
Delaware Artificial Intelligence (AI) Project If a network is too large, or too many cases, with a huge amount of data coming in (especially when CV data is available), human brains cannot process the data and make comprehensive, timely decisions. Build a computer/AI based tool, which can enhance operations and build a foundation which can support automating or semiautomating TMC operations in the near future.
16
The Project Covered Area
17
• It is the corridor of I95 from DC to NYC, with parallel arterial US-40 • Wilmington and Newark, the state's largest cities, are clustered here • This corridor has high incident rate: on average 10~15 crashes /accidents each quarter • The test bed area includes 8 miles of I95 freeway, 43 miles of state highway with 98 signalized • intersections • key roadway segments include I-95, US 13, US 40, DE 4, DE 7, DE 72, DE 273, DE 896 and Old Baltimore Pike
Delaware Artificial Intelligence (AI) Project
18
Delaware Artificial Intelligence (AI) Project
19
Questions? For More Information: Gene Donaldson, TMC Operations Manager (302) 659-4601 [email protected] www.deldot.gov
20
