eBus fast charging solutions
2015 15 Mar, 2016. Arne Sigbjørnsen ABB
eBus fast charging solutions ABB Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure
A global leader in power and automation technologies Leading market positions in main businesses
~135,000
© ABB Group March 15, 2016 | Slide 2
$ 36
billion
In revenue (2015)
employees
Present in
Formed in
+100
1988
countries
Single “A” credit rating
merger of Swiss (BBC, 1891) and Swedish (ASEA, 1883) engineering companies
HQ Zurich
A global leader in power and automation technologies Leading market positions in main businesses Power & Automation Utilities
Industry
Transport & Infrastructure
Renewables Grid automation / digitalization Microgrids Smart upgrades Electrification penetration Energy storage
Productivity
Urbanization
Energy efficiency
Data management
Automation penetration
Electric transport
Internet of Things, Services and People
Energy efficiency
Power quality / reliability
Power quality / reliability Decentralized power generation
Emerging markets Power & Automation “for the grid”
March 15, 2016
3
Power & Automation “for the site”
Well-to-wheel efficiency of alternative fuels Range per year per m² of land Biofuel: 7km
Most efficient energy crops (palm oil, sugar cane) deliver 0.5L/m² including sowing, fertilizing, harvesting, refinement and distribution.
A vehicle drives 15km/L, so 0.5L gives 7km range.
Hydrogen: 160km
A solar panel delivers 105 kWh/m².
After electrolysis, compression and distribution 63kWh goes into the tank.
The fuel cell generates 31.5kWh of electricity. The vehicle drives 5km/kWh, so 31.5kWh gives 160km range.
Electric: 380km
A solar panel delivers 105 kWh/m². © ABB Group March 15, 2016 | Slide 4
After distribution, charging and storage in the battery, 77kWh is available to the motor.
An EV drives 5km/kWh, so 77kWh gives 380km range.
Original source: Auke Hoekstra, Eindhoven University of Technology. Data was modified due to improved performance of biofuel and hydrogen.
Detroit Electric car charging at home in 1919 Back to the Future
© ABB Group March 15, 2016 | Slide 5
ABB enables the transition to eBusses Meeting emission norms, reducing air pollution Market drivers, challenges & opportunities
Cities are facing air polution and noise problems
Technology is ready for mainsteam market
Vehicle manufactures have to meet strict emission norms
•
Reduce air polution
•
Sell clean ebusses
•
Reduce particle emission
•
Offer added value
•
Improve quality & image
•
Contribute to green targets
•
Proven electric drive components
•
Li-ion battery price declines rapidly
ABB offers technology and system solutions © ABB Group March 15, 2016 | Slide 6
EV Charging Infrastructure Market (vehicle & standards)
© ABB Group March 15, 2016 | Slide 7
ABB solutions for eBusses Product & system offering, both onboard and offboard
DC charging versus AC charging On-board versus Off-board equipment AC Charging
DC Charging
On-board Charger
CHAdeMO module
DC Fast Charging Station
BMS
Li-ion battery
Every vehicle needs to have it’s own onboard equipment
© ABB Group March 15, 2016 | Slide 9
Infrastructure investment is shared with hundreds of users
Comparison of technologies Conductive fast charging is practical and cost efficient Overnight charging
Large and heavy battery inside vehicle
Reduced passenger capacity
Inductive charging
Low energy efficiency
High cost & weight inside vehicle
High vehicle cost & complexity
Expensive installation & maintenance
Overhead wires / trolley
Higher infrastructure cost
Hydrogen
Higher maintenance cost
High cost busses
Visual quality problems in cities
High cost infrastructure
Safety considerations
© ABB Group March 15, 2016 | Slide 10
Conductive fast charging
Low cost & weight components inside vehicle
Low vehicle cost & complexity
Efficient energy transfer
Robust & proven technology
eBus Charging Concept and Standardization
© ABB Group March 15, 2016 | Slide 11
A practical fast charging solution for e-busses Reliable, scalable, based on industry standards
Automated connection system
High power DC transfer to bus
Wireless communication to bus
Based on
Industrial quality power cabinet
150kW, 300kW & 450 kW modular
Redundancy per each 150kW module
400-850 VDC
Galvanic isolation Remote management
© ABB Group March 15, 2016 | Slide 12
EN/IEC 61851-23
ISO/IEC 15118
150 kW
150 kW
150 kW
A practical fast charging solution for e-busses Reliable, scalable, based on industry standards
Industrial quality power cabinet
150kW, 300kW & 450 kW modular
400-850 VDC
Galvanic isolation
Based on EN/IEC 61851-23
© ABB Group March 15, 2016 | Slide 13
Automated connection system
High power DC transfer to bus
Wireless communication to bus
Based on
EN/IEC 61851-23
ISO/IEC 15118
A practical fast charging solution for e-busses Charging at route end-points, how does it work?
Charging procedure starts
Bus arrives at stop
Charging procedure ends
Bus drives away
Wifi communication charger & bus
Pantograph comes down
Busdriver sees charge progress
Sensors check if pantograph is up
Driver indicates readiness
PE & safety check (continuous)
Busdriver indicates readiness
Busdriver receives signal
Start of power flow
Pantograph goes up
Busdriver drives away
© ABB Group March 15, 2016 | Slide 14
Charge mast with pantograph Standard ABB mast design
© ABB Group March 15, 2016 | Slide 15
Mo
|
Product in development, all data subject to change
Typical fast DC charging applications 24/7 operation with charging at route end points
Inner city bus with 5-60 km electric range
Lines
2015 15 Mar, 2016. Arne Sigbjørnsen ABB
eBus fast charging solutions ABB Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure
A global leader in power and automation technologies Leading market positions in main businesses
~135,000
© ABB Group March 15, 2016 | Slide 2
$ 36
billion
In revenue (2015)
employees
Present in
Formed in
+100
1988
countries
Single “A” credit rating
merger of Swiss (BBC, 1891) and Swedish (ASEA, 1883) engineering companies
HQ Zurich
A global leader in power and automation technologies Leading market positions in main businesses Power & Automation Utilities
Industry
Transport & Infrastructure
Renewables Grid automation / digitalization Microgrids Smart upgrades Electrification penetration Energy storage
Productivity
Urbanization
Energy efficiency
Data management
Automation penetration
Electric transport
Internet of Things, Services and People
Energy efficiency
Power quality / reliability
Power quality / reliability Decentralized power generation
Emerging markets Power & Automation “for the grid”
March 15, 2016
3
Power & Automation “for the site”
Well-to-wheel efficiency of alternative fuels Range per year per m² of land Biofuel: 7km
Most efficient energy crops (palm oil, sugar cane) deliver 0.5L/m² including sowing, fertilizing, harvesting, refinement and distribution.
A vehicle drives 15km/L, so 0.5L gives 7km range.
Hydrogen: 160km
A solar panel delivers 105 kWh/m².
After electrolysis, compression and distribution 63kWh goes into the tank.
The fuel cell generates 31.5kWh of electricity. The vehicle drives 5km/kWh, so 31.5kWh gives 160km range.
Electric: 380km
A solar panel delivers 105 kWh/m². © ABB Group March 15, 2016 | Slide 4
After distribution, charging and storage in the battery, 77kWh is available to the motor.
An EV drives 5km/kWh, so 77kWh gives 380km range.
Original source: Auke Hoekstra, Eindhoven University of Technology. Data was modified due to improved performance of biofuel and hydrogen.
Detroit Electric car charging at home in 1919 Back to the Future
© ABB Group March 15, 2016 | Slide 5
ABB enables the transition to eBusses Meeting emission norms, reducing air pollution Market drivers, challenges & opportunities
Cities are facing air polution and noise problems
Technology is ready for mainsteam market
Vehicle manufactures have to meet strict emission norms
•
Reduce air polution
•
Sell clean ebusses
•
Reduce particle emission
•
Offer added value
•
Improve quality & image
•
Contribute to green targets
•
Proven electric drive components
•
Li-ion battery price declines rapidly
ABB offers technology and system solutions © ABB Group March 15, 2016 | Slide 6
EV Charging Infrastructure Market (vehicle & standards)
© ABB Group March 15, 2016 | Slide 7
ABB solutions for eBusses Product & system offering, both onboard and offboard
DC charging versus AC charging On-board versus Off-board equipment AC Charging
DC Charging
On-board Charger
CHAdeMO module
DC Fast Charging Station
BMS
Li-ion battery
Every vehicle needs to have it’s own onboard equipment
© ABB Group March 15, 2016 | Slide 9
Infrastructure investment is shared with hundreds of users
Comparison of technologies Conductive fast charging is practical and cost efficient Overnight charging
Large and heavy battery inside vehicle
Reduced passenger capacity
Inductive charging
Low energy efficiency
High cost & weight inside vehicle
High vehicle cost & complexity
Expensive installation & maintenance
Overhead wires / trolley
Higher infrastructure cost
Hydrogen
Higher maintenance cost
High cost busses
Visual quality problems in cities
High cost infrastructure
Safety considerations
© ABB Group March 15, 2016 | Slide 10
Conductive fast charging
Low cost & weight components inside vehicle
Low vehicle cost & complexity
Efficient energy transfer
Robust & proven technology
eBus Charging Concept and Standardization
© ABB Group March 15, 2016 | Slide 11
A practical fast charging solution for e-busses Reliable, scalable, based on industry standards
Automated connection system
High power DC transfer to bus
Wireless communication to bus
Based on
Industrial quality power cabinet
150kW, 300kW & 450 kW modular
Redundancy per each 150kW module
400-850 VDC
Galvanic isolation Remote management
© ABB Group March 15, 2016 | Slide 12
EN/IEC 61851-23
ISO/IEC 15118
150 kW
150 kW
150 kW
A practical fast charging solution for e-busses Reliable, scalable, based on industry standards
Industrial quality power cabinet
150kW, 300kW & 450 kW modular
400-850 VDC
Galvanic isolation
Based on EN/IEC 61851-23
© ABB Group March 15, 2016 | Slide 13
Automated connection system
High power DC transfer to bus
Wireless communication to bus
Based on
EN/IEC 61851-23
ISO/IEC 15118
A practical fast charging solution for e-busses Charging at route end-points, how does it work?
Charging procedure starts
Bus arrives at stop
Charging procedure ends
Bus drives away
Wifi communication charger & bus
Pantograph comes down
Busdriver sees charge progress
Sensors check if pantograph is up
Driver indicates readiness
PE & safety check (continuous)
Busdriver indicates readiness
Busdriver receives signal
Start of power flow
Pantograph goes up
Busdriver drives away
© ABB Group March 15, 2016 | Slide 14
Charge mast with pantograph Standard ABB mast design
© ABB Group March 15, 2016 | Slide 15
Mo
|
Product in development, all data subject to change
Typical fast DC charging applications 24/7 operation with charging at route end points
Inner city bus with 5-60 km electric range
Lines
